diff --git a/docker/client.py b/docker/client.py
index 00ba0de9..55c835cf 100644
--- a/docker/client.py
+++ b/docker/client.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import six
 from .auth import auth
 from .unixconn import unixconn
 from .ssladapter import ssladapter
-from .utils import utils
+from .utils import utils, check_resource
 from . import errors
 from .tls import TLSConfig
 
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
             'stream': 1
         }
 
+    @check_resource
     def _attach_websocket(self, container, params=None):
         if six.PY3:
             raise NotImplementedError("This method is not currently supported "
@@ -249,6 +250,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
     def api_version(self):
         return self._version
 
+    @check_resource
     def attach(self, container, stdout=True, stderr=True,
                stream=False, logs=False):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
@@ -285,6 +287,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
                 [x for x in self._multiplexed_buffer_helper(response)]
             )
 
+    @check_resource
     def attach_socket(self, container, params=None, ws=False):
         if params is None:
             params = {
@@ -398,6 +401,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
                 return None, output
             return match.group(1), output
 
+    @check_resource
     def commit(self, container, repository=None, tag=None, message=None,
                author=None, conf=None):
         params = {
@@ -434,6 +438,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
                 x['Id'] = x['Id'][:12]
         return res
 
+    @check_resource
     def copy(self, container, resource):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -478,6 +483,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         res = self._post_json(u, data=config, params=params)
         return self._result(res, True)
 
+    @check_resource
     def diff(self, container):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -504,6 +510,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
                                             params=params, stream=True),
                                    decode=decode)
 
+    @check_resource
     def execute(self, container, cmd, detach=False, stdout=True, stderr=True,
                 stream=False, tty=False):
         if utils.compare_version('1.15', self._version) < 0:
@@ -546,6 +553,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
                 [x for x in self._multiplexed_buffer_helper(res)]
             )
 
+    @check_resource
     def export(self, container):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -554,12 +562,14 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         self._raise_for_status(res)
         return res.raw
 
+    @check_resource
     def get_image(self, image):
         res = self._get(self._url("/images/{0}/get".format(image)),
                         stream=True)
         self._raise_for_status(res)
         return res.raw
 
+    @check_resource
     def history(self, image):
         res = self._get(self._url("/images/{0}/history".format(image)))
         return self._result(res, True)
@@ -669,18 +679,20 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         return self._result(self._get(self._url("/info")),
                             True)
 
+    @check_resource
     def insert(self, image, url, path):
         if utils.compare_version('1.12', self._version) >= 0:
             raise errors.DeprecatedMethod(
                 'insert is not available for API version >=1.12'
             )
-        api_url = self._url("/images/" + image + "/insert")
+        api_url = self._url("/images/{0}/insert".fornat(image))
         params = {
             'url': url,
             'path': path
         }
         return self._result(self._post(api_url, params=params))
 
+    @check_resource
     def inspect_container(self, container):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -688,12 +700,14 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
             self._get(self._url("/containers/{0}/json".format(container))),
             True)
 
-    def inspect_image(self, image_id):
+    @check_resource
+    def inspect_image(self, image):
         return self._result(
-            self._get(self._url("/images/{0}/json".format(image_id))),
+            self._get(self._url("/images/{0}/json".format(image))),
             True
         )
 
+    @check_resource
     def kill(self, container, signal=None):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -741,6 +755,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
             self._auth_configs[registry] = req_data
         return self._result(response, json=True)
 
+    @check_resource
     def logs(self, container, stdout=True, stderr=True, stream=False,
              timestamps=False, tail='all'):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
@@ -775,6 +790,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
             logs=True
         )
 
+    @check_resource
     def pause(self, container):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -785,6 +801,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
     def ping(self):
         return self._result(self._get(self._url('/_ping')))
 
+    @check_resource
     def port(self, container, private_port):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -882,6 +899,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         return stream and self._stream_helper(response) \
             or self._result(response)
 
+    @check_resource
     def remove_container(self, container, v=False, link=False, force=False):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -890,6 +908,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
                            params=params)
         self._raise_for_status(res)
 
+    @check_resource
     def remove_image(self, image, force=False, noprune=False):
         if isinstance(image, dict):
             image = image.get('Id')
@@ -897,6 +916,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         res = self._delete(self._url("/images/" + image), params=params)
         self._raise_for_status(res)
 
+    @check_resource
     def rename(self, container, name):
         if utils.compare_version('1.17', self._version) < 0:
             raise errors.InvalidVersion(
@@ -909,6 +929,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         res = self._post(url, params=params)
         self._raise_for_status(res)
 
+    @check_resource
     def resize(self, container, height, width):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -918,6 +939,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         res = self._post(url, params=params)
         self._raise_for_status(res)
 
+    @check_resource
     def restart(self, container, timeout=10):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -931,6 +953,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
                                       params={'term': term}),
                             True)
 
+    @check_resource
     def start(self, container, binds=None, port_bindings=None, lxc_conf=None,
               publish_all_ports=False, links=None, privileged=False,
               dns=None, dns_search=None, volumes_from=None, network_mode=None,
@@ -993,6 +1016,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         res = self._post_json(url, data=start_config)
         self._raise_for_status(res)
 
+    @check_resource
     def stats(self, container, decode=None):
         if utils.compare_version('1.17', self._version) < 0:
             raise errors.InvalidVersion(
@@ -1003,6 +1027,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         url = self._url("/containers/{0}/stats".format(container))
         return self._stream_helper(self._get(url, stream=True), decode=decode)
 
+    @check_resource
     def stop(self, container, timeout=10):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -1013,6 +1038,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
                          timeout=(timeout + self.timeout))
         self._raise_for_status(res)
 
+    @check_resource
     def tag(self, image, repository, tag=None, force=False):
         params = {
             'tag': tag,
@@ -1024,7 +1050,10 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         self._raise_for_status(res)
         return res.status_code == 201
 
+    @check_resource
     def top(self, container):
+        if isinstance(container, dict):
+            container = container.get('Id')
         u = self._url("/containers/{0}/top".format(container))
         return self._result(self._get(u), True)
 
@@ -1032,6 +1061,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         url = self._url("/version", versioned_api=api_version)
         return self._result(self._get(url), json=True)
 
+    @check_resource
     def unpause(self, container):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
@@ -1039,6 +1069,7 @@ class Client(requests.Session):
         res = self._post(url)
         self._raise_for_status(res)
 
+    @check_resource
     def wait(self, container, timeout=None):
         if isinstance(container, dict):
             container = container.get('Id')
diff --git a/docker/utils/__init__.py b/docker/utils/__init__.py
index 3594b9cd..81cc8a68 100644
--- a/docker/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/docker/utils/__init__.py
@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@ from .utils import (
     create_container_config, parse_bytes, ping_registry
 ) # flake8: noqa
 
-from .types import Ulimit, LogConfig # flake8: noqa
\ No newline at end of file
+from .types import Ulimit, LogConfig # flake8: noqa
+from .decorators import check_resource #flake8: noqa
diff --git a/docker/utils/decorators.py b/docker/utils/decorators.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..897db327
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/utils/decorators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+
+
+def check_resource(f):
+    def wrapped(self, resource_id=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        if resource_id is None and (
+            kwargs.get('container') is None and kwargs.get('image') is None
+        ):
+            raise ValueError('image or container param is None')
+        return f(self, resource_id, *args, **kwargs)
+    return wrapped
diff --git a/tests/test.py b/tests/test.py
index f2af58be..76c56381 100644
--- a/tests/test.py
+++ b/tests/test.py
@@ -669,6 +669,21 @@ class DockerClientTest(Cleanup, base.BaseTestCase):
             args[1]['timeout'], docker.client.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
         )
 
+    def test_start_container_none(self):
+        try:
+            self.client.start(container=None)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            self.assertEqual(str(e), 'image or container param is None')
+        else:
+            self.fail('Command should raise ValueError')
+
+        try:
+            self.client.start(None)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            self.assertEqual(str(e), 'image or container param is None')
+        else:
+            self.fail('Command should raise ValueError')
+
     def test_create_container_with_lxc_conf(self):
         try:
             self.client.create_container(