mirror of https://github.com/docker/docs.git
build: restructure the base image page
Signed-off-by: David Karlsson <35727626+dvdksn@users.noreply.github.com>
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David Karlsson
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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---
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title: Create a base image
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title: Base images
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description: Learn about base images and how they're created
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keywords: images, base image, examples
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aliases:
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@ -13,51 +13,35 @@ All Dockerfiles start from a base image.
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A base is the image that your image extends.
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It refers to the contents of the `FROM` instruction in the Dockerfile.
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The following Dockerfile example uses the `python` Docker Official Image as a base image.
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Each subsequent instruction in the Dockerfile extends the base image.
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```dockerfile
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FROM python:3-alpine
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WORKDIR /src
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COPY requirements.txt .
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RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
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FROM debian
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```
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For most cases, you don't need to create your own base image. Docker Hub
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contains a vast library of Docker images that are suitable for use as a base
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image in your build. [Docker Official Images](../../trusted-content/official-images/_index.md)
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are specifically designed as a set of hardened, battle-tested images that
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supports a wide variety of platforms, languages, and frameworks. There are also
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[Docker Verified Publisher](https://hub.docker.com/search?q=&image_filter=store)
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images, created by trusted publishing partners, verified by Docker.
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## Create a base image
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If you need to completely control the contents of your image, you can create
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your own base image or use the special `FROM scratch` base:
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your own base image from a Linux distribution of your choosing, or use the
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special `FROM scratch` base:
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```dockerfile
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FROM scratch
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```
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This page shows you how to create your own base image.
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The specific process depends on the Linux distribution you want to package.
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The `scratch` image is typically used to create minimal images containing only
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just what an application needs. See [Create a minimal base image using scratch](#create-a-minimal-base-image-using-scratch).
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## Create a full image using tar
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In general, start with a working machine that is running
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the distribution you'd like to package as a base image, though that is
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not required for some tools like Debian's [Debootstrap](https://wiki.debian.org/Debootstrap),
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which you can also use to build Ubuntu images.
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For example, to create an Ubuntu base image:
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```dockerfile
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$ sudo debootstrap focal focal > /dev/null
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$ sudo tar -C focal -c . | docker import - focal
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sha256:81ec9a55a92a5618161f68ae691d092bf14d700129093158297b3d01593f4ee3
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$ docker run focal cat /etc/lsb-release
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DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
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DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.04
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DISTRIB_CODENAME=focal
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DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04 LTS"
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```
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There are more example scripts for creating base images in
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[the Moby GitHub repository](https://github.com/moby/moby/blob/master/contrib).
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To create a distribution base image, you can use a root filesystem, packaged as
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a `tar` file, and import it to Docker with `docker import`. The process for
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creating your own base image depends on the Linux distribution you want to
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package. See [Create a full image using tar](#create-a-full-image-using-tar).
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## Create a minimal base image using scratch
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@ -104,9 +88,33 @@ When building a base image, or any image, this is an important aspect to
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consider. And this is why creating a base image using `FROM scratch` can be
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difficult, for anything other than small, simple programs. On the other hand,
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it's also important to include only the things you need in your image, to
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reduce the image size and attack surface. In most cases, your best option is
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to base your images on a suitable tag of a
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[Docker Official Image](../../trusted-content/official-images.md).
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reduce the image size and attack surface.
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## Create a full image using tar
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In general, start with a working machine that is running
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the distribution you'd like to package as a base image, though that is
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not required for some tools like Debian's [Debootstrap](https://wiki.debian.org/Debootstrap),
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which you can also use to build Ubuntu images.
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For example, to create an Ubuntu base image:
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```dockerfile
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$ sudo debootstrap focal focal > /dev/null
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$ sudo tar -C focal -c . | docker import - focal
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sha256:81ec9a55a92a5618161f68ae691d092bf14d700129093158297b3d01593f4ee3
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$ docker run focal cat /etc/lsb-release
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DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
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DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.04
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DISTRIB_CODENAME=focal
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DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04 LTS"
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```
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There are more example scripts for creating base images in
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[the Moby GitHub repository](https://github.com/moby/moby/blob/master/contrib).
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## More resources
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@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ Now that you have the project, you’re ready to create the `Dockerfile`.
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* [Multi-stage builds](/build/building/multi-stage/)
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* [Dockerfile best practices](/develop/develop-images/dockerfile_best-practices/)
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* [Creating a base image](/build/building/base-images/)
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* [Base images](/build/building/base-images/)
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* [Spring Boot Docker](https://spring.io/guides/topicals/spring-boot-docker)
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@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ To learn more about writing a Dockerfile, visit the following resources:
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* [Dockerfile reference](/reference/dockerfile/)
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* [Dockerfile best practices](/develop/develop-images/dockerfile_best-practices/)
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* [Create your own base image](/build/building/base-images/)
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* [Base images](/build/building/base-images/)
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* [Getting started with Docker Init](/reference/cli/docker/init/)
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## Next steps
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@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ has all necessary tools and libraries to compile and run a Go application.
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> **Note**
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>
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> If you are curious about creating your own base images, you can check out the following section of this guide: [creating base images](../../build/building/base-images.md).
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> If you are curious about creating your own base images, you can check out the following section of this guide: [creating base images](../../build/building/base-images.md#create-a-base-image).
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> Note, however, that this isn't necessary to continue with your task at hand.
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Now that you have defined the base image for your upcoming container image, you
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@ -1884,7 +1884,7 @@ Manuals:
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- path: /build/building/opentelemetry/
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title: OpenTelemetry support
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- path: /build/building/base-images/
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title: Create your own base image
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title: Base images
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- sectiontitle: Builders
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section:
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- path: /build/builders/
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