--- title: Vulnerability scanning for Docker local images description: Vulnerability scanning for Docker local images keywords: Docker, scan, Snyk, images, local, CVE, vulnerability, security toc_min: 1 toc_max: 2 --- {% include sign-up-cta.html body="Did you know that you can now get 10 free scans per month? Sign in to Docker to start scanning your images for vulnerabilities." header-text="Scan your images for free" target-url="https://www.docker.com/pricing?utm_source=docker&utm_medium=webreferral&utm_campaign=docs_driven_upgrade_scan" %} Looking to speed up your development cycles? Quickly detect and learn how to remediate CVEs in your images by running `docker scan IMAGE_NAME`. Check out [How to scan images](#how-to-scan-images) for details. Vulnerability scanning for Docker local images allows developers and development teams to review the security state of the container images and take actions to fix issues identified during the scan, resulting in more secure deployments. Docker Scan runs on Snyk engine, providing users with visibility into the security posture of their local Dockerfiles and local images. Users trigger vulnerability scans through the CLI, and use the CLI to view the scan results. The scan results contain a list of Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs), the sources, such as OS packages and libraries, versions in which they were introduced, and a recommended fixed version (if available) to remediate the CVEs discovered. > **Log4j 2 CVE-2021-44228** > > Versions of `docker Scan` earlier than `v0.11.0` are not able to detect [Log4j 2 > CVE-2021-44228](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44228){: > target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"}. You must update your Docker > Desktop installation to 4.3.1 or higher to fix this issue. For more > information, see [Scan images for Log4j 2 CVE](#scan-images-for-log4j-2-cve). {: .important} For information about the system requirements to run vulnerability scanning, see [Prerequisites](#prerequisites). This page contains information about the `docker scan` CLI command. For information about automatically scanning Docker images through Docker Hub, see [Hub Vulnerability Scanning](/docker-hub/vulnerability-scanning/). ## Scan images for Log4j 2 CVE Docker Scan versions earlier than `v0.11.0` do not detect [Log4j 2 CVE-2021-44228](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44228){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"} when you scan your images for vulnerabilities. You must update your Docker installation to the latest version to fix this issue. If you are using the `docker scan` plugin shipped with Docker Desktop, update Docker Desktop to version 4.3.1 or higher. See the release notes for [Mac](../../desktop/release-notes.md) and [Windows](../../desktop/release-notes.md) for download information. If you are using Linux, run the following command to manually install the latest version of `docker scan`: On `.deb` based distros, such as Ubuntu and Debian: ```console $ apt-get update && apt-get install docker-scan-plugin ``` On rpm-based distros, such as CentOS or Fedora: ```console $ yum install docker-scan-plugin ``` Alternatively, you can manually download the `docker scan` binaries from the [Docker Scan](https://github.com/docker/scan-cli-plugin/releases/tag/v0.11.0){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"} GitHub repository and [install](https://github.com/docker/scan-cli-plugin){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"} in the plugins directory. ### Verify the `docker scan` version After upgrading `docker scan`, verify you are running the latest version by running the following command: ```console $ docker scan --accept-license --version Version: v0.12.0 Git commit: 1074dd0 Provider: Snyk (1.790.0 (standalone)) ``` If your code output contains `ORGAPACHELOGGINGLOG4J`, it is likely that your code is affected by the Log4j 2 CVE-2021-44228 vulnerability. When you run the updated version of `docker scan`, you should also see a message in the output log similar to: ```console Upgrade org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core@2.14.0 to org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core@2.15.0 to fix ✗ Arbitrary Code Execution (new) [Critical Severity][https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGAPACHELOGGINGLOG4J-2314720] in org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core@2.14.0 introduced by org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core@2.14.0 ``` For more information, read our blog post [Apache Log4j 2 CVE-2021-44228](https://www.docker.com/blog/apache-log4j-2-cve-2021-44228/){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"}. ## How to scan images The `docker scan` command allows you to scan existing Docker images using the image name or ID. For example, run the following command to scan the hello-world image: ```console $ docker scan hello-world Testing hello-world... Organization: docker-desktop-test Package manager: linux Project name: docker-image|hello-world Docker image: hello-world Licenses: enabled ✓ Tested 0 dependencies for known issues, no vulnerable paths found. Note that we do not currently have vulnerability data for your image. ``` ## Using an HTTP proxy If your computer needs to use an HTTP proxy, then set the `HTTPS_PROXY` environment variable when using scan. For example: ```console $ export HTTPS_PROXY=http://username:password@proxyAddress:port $ docker scan hello-world ``` or for PowerShell: ```console > $env:HTTPS_PROXY = "http://username:password@proxy:port" > docker scan hello-world ``` Note that `docker scan` does not use the same proxy settings as Docker Desktop or the settings specified in `.docker/config.json` or the settings used by the Docker engine. ### Get a detailed scan report You can get a detailed scan report about a Docker image by providing the Dockerfile used to create the image. The syntax is `docker scan --file PATH_TO_DOCKERFILE DOCKER_IMAGE`. For example, if you apply the option to the `docker-scan` test image, it displays the following result: ```console $ docker scan --file Dockerfile docker-scan:e2e Testing docker-scan:e2e ... ✗ High severity vulnerability found in perl Description: Integer Overflow or Wraparound Info: https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-DEBIAN10-PERL-570802 Introduced through: git@1:2.20.1-2+deb10u3, meta-common-packages@meta From: git@1:2.20.1-2+deb10u3 > perl@5.28.1-6 From: git@1:2.20.1-2+deb10u3 > liberror-perl@0.17027-2 > perl@5.28.1-6 From: git@1:2.20.1-2+deb10u3 > perl@5.28.1-6 > perl/perl-modules-5.28@5.28.1-6 and 3 more... Introduced by your base image (golang:1.14.6) Organization: docker-desktop-test Package manager: deb Target file: Dockerfile Project name: docker-image|99138c65ebc7 Docker image: 99138c65ebc7 Base image: golang:1.14.6 Licenses: enabled Tested 200 dependencies for known issues, found 157 issues. According to our scan, you are currently using the most secure version of the selected base image ``` ### Excluding the base image When using docker scan with the `--file` flag, you can also add the `--exclude-base` tag. This excludes the base image (specified in the Dockerfile using the `FROM` directive) vulnerabilities from your report. For example: ```console $ docker scan --file Dockerfile --exclude-base docker-scan:e2e Testing docker-scan:e2e ... ✗ Medium severity vulnerability found in libidn2/libidn2-0 Description: Improper Input Validation Info: https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-DEBIAN10-LIBIDN2-474100 Introduced through: iputils/iputils-ping@3:20180629-2+deb10u1, wget@1.20.1-1.1, curl@7.64.0-4+deb10u1, git@1:2.20.1-2+deb10u3 From: iputils/iputils-ping@3:20180629-2+deb10u1 > libidn2/libidn2-0@2.0.5-1+deb10u1 From: wget@1.20.1-1.1 > libidn2/libidn2-0@2.0.5-1+deb10u1 From: curl@7.64.0-4+deb10u1 > curl/libcurl4@7.64.0-4+deb10u1 > libidn2/libidn2-0@2.0.5-1+deb10u1 and 3 more... Introduced in your Dockerfile by 'RUN apk add -U --no-cache wget tar' Organization: docker-desktop-test Package manager: deb Target file: Dockerfile Project name: docker-image|99138c65ebc7 Docker image: 99138c65ebc7 Base image: golang:1.14.6 Licenses: enabled Tested 200 dependencies for known issues, found 16 issues. ``` ### Viewing the JSON output You can also display the scan result as a JSON output by adding the `--json` flag to the command. For example: ```console $ docker scan --json hello-world { "vulnerabilities": [], "ok": true, "dependencyCount": 0, "org": "docker-desktop-test", "policy": "# Snyk (https://snyk.io) policy file, patches or ignores known vulnerabilities.\nversion: v1.19.0\nignore: {}\npatch: {}\n", "isPrivate": true, "licensesPolicy": { "severities": {}, "orgLicenseRules": { "AGPL-1.0": { "licenseType": "AGPL-1.0", "severity": "high", "instructions": "" }, ... "SimPL-2.0": { "licenseType": "SimPL-2.0", "severity": "high", "instructions": "" } } }, "packageManager": "linux", "ignoreSettings": null, "docker": { "baseImageRemediation": { "code": "SCRATCH_BASE_IMAGE", "advice": [ { "message": "Note that we do not currently have vulnerability data for your image.", "bold": true, "color": "yellow" } ] }, "binariesVulns": { "issuesData": {}, "affectedPkgs": {} } }, "summary": "No known vulnerabilities", "filesystemPolicy": false, "uniqueCount": 0, "projectName": "docker-image|hello-world", "path": "hello-world" } ``` In addition to the `--json` flag, you can also use the `--group-issues` flag to display a vulnerability only once in the scan report: ```console $ docker scan --json --group-issues docker-scan:e2e { { "title": "Improper Check for Dropped Privileges", ... "packageName": "bash", "language": "linux", "packageManager": "debian:10", "description": "## Overview\nAn issue was discovered in disable_priv_mode in shell.c in GNU Bash through 5.0 patch 11. By default, if Bash is run with its effective UID not equal to its real UID, it will drop privileges by setting its effective UID to its real UID. However, it does so incorrectly. On Linux and other systems that support \"saved UID\" functionality, the saved UID is not dropped. An attacker with command execution in the shell can use \"enable -f\" for runtime loading of a new builtin, which can be a shared object that calls setuid() and therefore regains privileges. However, binaries running with an effective UID of 0 are unaffected.\n\n## References\n- [CONFIRM](https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200430-0003/)\n- [Debian Security Tracker](https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2019-18276)\n- [GitHub Commit](https://github.com/bminor/bash/commit/951bdaad7a18cc0dc1036bba86b18b90874d39ff)\n- [MISC](http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/155498/Bash-5.0-Patch-11-Privilege-Escalation.html)\n- [MISC](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wGtxJ8opa8)\n- [Ubuntu CVE Tracker](http://people.ubuntu.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/CVE-2019-18276)\n", "identifiers": { "ALTERNATIVE": [], "CVE": [ "CVE-2019-18276" ], "CWE": [ "CWE-273" ] }, "severity": "low", "severityWithCritical": "low", "cvssScore": 7.8, "CVSSv3": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F", ... "from": [ "docker-image|docker-scan@e2e", "bash@5.0-4" ], "upgradePath": [], "isUpgradable": false, "isPatchable": false, "name": "bash", "version": "5.0-4" }, ... "summary": "880 vulnerable dependency paths", "filesystemPolicy": false, "filtered": { "ignore": [], "patch": [] }, "uniqueCount": 158, "projectName": "docker-image|docker-scan", "platform": "linux/amd64", "path": "docker-scan:e2e" } ``` You can find all the sources of the vulnerability in the `from` section. ### Checking the dependency tree To view the dependency tree of your image, use the --dependency-tree flag. This displays all the dependencies before the scan result. For example: ```console $ docker scan --dependency-tree debian:buster $ docker-image|99138c65ebc7 @ latest ├─ ca-certificates @ 20200601~deb10u1 │ └─ openssl @ 1.1.1d-0+deb10u3 │ └─ openssl/libssl1.1 @ 1.1.1d-0+deb10u3 ├─ curl @ 7.64.0-4+deb10u1 │ └─ curl/libcurl4 @ 7.64.0-4+deb10u1 │ ├─ e2fsprogs/libcom-err2 @ 1.44.5-1+deb10u3 │ ├─ krb5/libgssapi-krb5-2 @ 1.17-3 │ │ ├─ e2fsprogs/libcom-err2 @ 1.44.5-1+deb10u3 │ │ ├─ krb5/libk5crypto3 @ 1.17-3 │ │ │ └─ krb5/libkrb5support0 @ 1.17-3 │ │ ├─ krb5/libkrb5-3 @ 1.17-3 │ │ │ ├─ e2fsprogs/libcom-err2 @ 1.44.5-1+deb10u3 │ │ │ ├─ krb5/libk5crypto3 @ 1.17-3 │ │ │ ├─ krb5/libkrb5support0 @ 1.17-3 │ │ │ └─ openssl/libssl1.1 @ 1.1.1d-0+deb10u3 │ │ └─ krb5/libkrb5support0 @ 1.17-3 │ ├─ libidn2/libidn2-0 @ 2.0.5-1+deb10u1 │ │ └─ libunistring/libunistring2 @ 0.9.10-1 │ ├─ krb5/libk5crypto3 @ 1.17-3 │ ├─ krb5/libkrb5-3 @ 1.17-3 │ ├─ openldap/libldap-2.4-2 @ 2.4.47+dfsg-3+deb10u2 │ │ ├─ gnutls28/libgnutls30 @ 3.6.7-4+deb10u4 │ │ │ ├─ nettle/libhogweed4 @ 3.4.1-1 │ │ │ │ └─ nettle/libnettle6 @ 3.4.1-1 │ │ │ ├─ libidn2/libidn2-0 @ 2.0.5-1+deb10u1 │ │ │ ├─ nettle/libnettle6 @ 3.4.1-1 │ │ │ ├─ p11-kit/libp11-kit0 @ 0.23.15-2 │ │ │ │ └─ libffi/libffi6 @ 3.2.1-9 │ │ │ ├─ libtasn1-6 @ 4.13-3 │ │ │ └─ libunistring/libunistring2 @ 0.9.10-1 │ │ ├─ cyrus-sasl2/libsasl2-2 @ 2.1.27+dfsg-1+deb10u1 │ │ │ └─ cyrus-sasl2/libsasl2-modules-db @ 2.1.27+dfsg-1+deb10u1 │ │ │ └─ db5.3/libdb5.3 @ 5.3.28+dfsg1-0.5 │ │ └─ openldap/libldap-common @ 2.4.47+dfsg-3+deb10u2 │ ├─ nghttp2/libnghttp2-14 @ 1.36.0-2+deb10u1 │ ├─ libpsl/libpsl5 @ 0.20.2-2 │ │ ├─ libidn2/libidn2-0 @ 2.0.5-1+deb10u1 │ │ └─ libunistring/libunistring2 @ 0.9.10-1 │ ├─ rtmpdump/librtmp1 @ 2.4+20151223.gitfa8646d.1-2 │ │ ├─ gnutls28/libgnutls30 @ 3.6.7-4+deb10u4 │ │ ├─ nettle/libhogweed4 @ 3.4.1-1 │ │ └─ nettle/libnettle6 @ 3.4.1-1 │ ├─ libssh2/libssh2-1 @ 1.8.0-2.1 │ │ └─ libgcrypt20 @ 1.8.4-5 │ └─ openssl/libssl1.1 @ 1.1.1d-0+deb10u3 ├─ gnupg2/dirmngr @ 2.2.12-1+deb10u1 ... Organization: docker-desktop-test Package manager: deb Project name: docker-image|99138c65ebc7 Docker image: 99138c65ebc7 Licenses: enabled Tested 200 dependencies for known issues, found 157 issues. For more free scans that keep your images secure, sign up to Snyk at https://dockr.ly/3ePqVcp. ``` For more information about the vulnerability data, see [Docker Vulnerability Scanning CLI Cheat Sheet](https://goto.docker.com/rs/929-FJL-178/images/cheat-sheet-docker-desktop-vulnerability-scanning-CLI.pdf){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"}. ### Limiting the level of vulnerabilities displayed Docker scan allows you to choose the level of vulnerabilities displayed in your scan report using the `--severity` flag. You can set the severity flag to `low`, `medium`, or `high` depending on the level of vulnerabilities you’d like to see in your report. For example, if you set the severity level as `medium`, the scan report displays all vulnerabilities that are classified as medium and high. ```console $ docker scan --severity=medium docker-scan:e2e ./bin/docker-scan_darwin_amd64 scan --severity=medium docker-scan:e2e Testing docker-scan:e2e... ✗ Medium severity vulnerability found in sqlite3/libsqlite3-0 Description: Divide By Zero Info: https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-DEBIAN10-SQLITE3-466337 Introduced through: gnupg2/gnupg@2.2.12-1+deb10u1, subversion@1.10.4-1+deb10u1, mercurial@4.8.2-1+deb10u1 From: gnupg2/gnupg@2.2.12-1+deb10u1 > gnupg2/gpg@2.2.12-1+deb10u1 > sqlite3/libsqlite3-0@3.27.2-3 From: subversion@1.10.4-1+deb10u1 > subversion/libsvn1@1.10.4-1+deb10u1 > sqlite3/libsqlite3-0@3.27.2-3 From: mercurial@4.8.2-1+deb10u1 > python-defaults/python@2.7.16-1 > python2.7@2.7.16-2+deb10u1 > python2.7/libpython2.7-stdlib@2.7.16-2+deb10u1 > sqlite3/libsqlite3-0@3.27.2-3 ✗ Medium severity vulnerability found in sqlite3/libsqlite3-0 Description: Uncontrolled Recursion ... ✗ High severity vulnerability found in binutils/binutils-common Description: Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime Info: https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-DEBIAN10-BINUTILS-403318 Introduced through: gcc-defaults/g++@4:8.3.0-1 From: gcc-defaults/g++@4:8.3.0-1 > gcc-defaults/gcc@4:8.3.0-1 > gcc-8@8.3.0-6 > binutils@2.31.1-16 > binutils/binutils-common@2.31.1-16 From: gcc-defaults/g++@4:8.3.0-1 > gcc-defaults/gcc@4:8.3.0-1 > gcc-8@8.3.0-6 > binutils@2.31.1-16 > binutils/libbinutils@2.31.1-16 > binutils/binutils-common@2.31.1-16 From: gcc-defaults/g++@4:8.3.0-1 > gcc-defaults/gcc@4:8.3.0-1 > gcc-8@8.3.0-6 > binutils@2.31.1-16 > binutils/binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu@2.31.1-16 > binutils/binutils-common@2.31.1-16 and 4 more... Organization: docker-desktop-test Package manager: deb Project name: docker-image|docker-scan Docker image: docker-scan:e2e Platform: linux/amd64 Licenses: enabled Tested 200 dependencies for known issues, found 37 issues. ``` ## Provider authentication If you have an existing Snyk account, you can directly use your Snyk [API token](https://app.snyk.io/account){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"}: ```console $ docker scan --login --token SNYK_AUTH_TOKEN Your account has been authenticated. Snyk is now ready to be used. ``` If you use the `--login` flag without any token, you will be redirected to the Snyk website to login. ## Prerequisites To run vulnerability scanning on your Docker images, you must meet the following requirements: 1. Download and install the latest version of Docker Desktop. - [Download for Mac with Intel chip](https://desktop.docker.com/mac/main/amd64/Docker.dmg?utm_source=docker&utm_medium=webreferral&utm_campaign=docs-driven-download-mac-amd64) - [Download for Mac with Apple chip](https://desktop.docker.com/mac/main/arm64/Docker.dmg?utm_source=docker&utm_medium=webreferral&utm_campaign=docs-driven-download-mac-arm64) - [Download for Windows](https://desktop.docker.com/win/main/amd64/Docker%20Desktop%20Installer.exe) 2. Sign into [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"}. 3. From the Docker Desktop menu, select **Sign in/ Create Docker ID**. Alternatively, open a terminal and run the command `docker login`. 4. (Optional) You can create a [Snyk account](https://dockr.ly/3ePqVcp){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"} for scans, or use the additional monthly free scans provided by Snyk with your Docker Hub account. Check your installation by running `docker scan --version`, it should print the current version of docker scan and the Snyk engine version. For example: ```console $ docker scan --version Version: v0.5.0 Git commit: 5a09266 Provider: Snyk (1.432.0) ``` > **Note:** > > Docker Scan uses the Snyk binary installed in your environment by default. If this is not available, it uses the Snyk binary embedded in Docker Desktop. > The minimum version required for Snyk is `1.385.0`. ## Supported options The high-level `docker scan` command scans local images using the image name or the image ID. It supports the following options: | Option | Description | |:------------------------------------------------------------------ :------------------------------------------------| | `--accept-license` | Accept the license agreement of the third-party scanning provider | | `--dependency-tree` | Display the dependency tree of the image along with scan results | | `--exclude-base` | Exclude the base image during scanning. This option requires the --file option to be set | | `-f`, `--file string` | Specify the location of the Dockerfile associated with the image. This option displays a detailed scan result | | `--json` | Display the result of the scan in JSON format| | `--login` | Log into Snyk using an optional token (using the flag --token), or by using a web-based token | | `--reject-license` | Reject the license agreement of the third-party scanning provider | | `--severity string` | Only report vulnerabilities of provided level or higher (low, medium, high) | | `--token string` | Use the authentication token to log into the third-party scanning provider | | `--version` | Display the Docker Scan plugin version | ## Known issues **WSL 2** - The Vulnerability scanning feature doesn’t work with Alpine distributions. - If you are using Debian and OpenSUSE distributions, the login process only works with the `--token` flag, you won’t be redirected to the Snyk website for authentication. ## Feedback Your feedback is very important to us. Let us know your feedback by creating an issue in the [scan-cli-plugin](https://github.com/docker/scan-cli-plugin/issues/new){: target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="_"} GitHub repository.