mirror of https://github.com/docker/docs.git
375 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
375 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
---
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description: Instructions for installing Docker on Debian
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keywords: Docker, Docker documentation, requirements, apt, installation, debian, install, uninstall, upgrade, update
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redirect_from:
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- /engine/installation/debian/
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- /engine/installation/linux/raspbian/
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title: Get Docker for Debian
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---
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{% assign minor-version = "17.03" %}
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To get started with Docker on Debian, make sure you
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[meet the prerequisites](#prerequisites), then
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[install Docker](#install-docker).
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## Prerequisites
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### Docker EE customers
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Docker EE is not supported on Debian. For a list of supported operating systems
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and distributions for different Docker editions, see
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[Docker variants](/engine/installation/#docker-variants).
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### OS requirements
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To install Docker, you need the 64-bit version of one of these Debian or
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Raspbian versions:
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- Stretch (testing)
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- Jessie 8.0 (LTS) / Raspbian Jessie
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- Wheezy 7.7 (LTS)
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Docker CE is supported on both `x86_64` and `armhf` architectures for Jessie and
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Stretch.
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### Uninstall old versions
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Older versions of Docker were called `docker` or `docker-engine`. If these are
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installed, uninstall them:
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine
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```
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It's OK if `apt-get` reports that none of these packages are installed.
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The contents of `/var/lib/docker/`, including images, containers, volumes, and
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networks, are preserved. The Docker CE package is now called `docker-ce`.
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### Extra steps for Wheezy 7.7
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- You need at least version 3.10 of the Linux kernel. Debian Wheezy ships with
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version 3.2, so you may need to
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[update the kernel](https://wiki.debian.org/HowToUpgradeKernel){: target="_blank" class="_" }.
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To check your kernel version:
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```bash
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$ uname -r
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```
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- Enable the `backports` repository. See the
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[Debian documentation](https://backports.debian.org/Instructions/){: target="_blank" class"_"}.
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## Install Docker CE
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You can install Docker CE in different ways, depending on your needs:
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- Most users
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[set up Docker's repositories](#install-using-the-repository) and install
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from them, for ease of installation and upgrade tasks. This is the
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recommended approach.
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- Some users download the DEB package and install it manually and manage
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upgrades completely manually. This is useful in situations such as installing
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Docker on air-gapped systems with no access to the internet.
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### Install using the repository
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Before you install Docker CE for the first time on a new host machine, you need
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to set up the Docker repository. Afterward, you can install and update Docker
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from the repository.
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#### Set up the repository
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{% assign download-url-base = "https://download.docker.com/linux/debian" %}
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1. Install packages to allow `apt` to use a repository over HTTPS:
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**Jessie or Stretch**:
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get install \
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apt-transport-https \
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ca-certificates \
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curl \
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gnupg2 \
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software-properties-common
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```
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**Wheezy**:
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get install \
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apt-transport-https \
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ca-certificates \
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curl \
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python-software-properties
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```
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2. Add Docker's official GPG key:
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```bash
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$ curl -fsSL {{ download-url-base}}/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
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```
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Verify that the key ID is `9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88`.
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88
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pub 4096R/0EBFCD88 2017-02-22
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Key fingerprint = 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88
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uid Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com>
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sub 4096R/F273FCD8 2017-02-22
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```
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3. Use the following command to set up the **stable** repository. You always
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need the **stable** repository, even if you want to install **edge** builds
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as well.
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> **Note**: The `lsb_release -cs` sub-command below returns the name of your
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> Debian distribution, such as `jessie`.
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To also add the **edge** repository, add `edge` after `stable` on the last
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line of the command.
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**amd64**:
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```bash
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$ sudo add-apt-repository \
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"deb [arch=amd64] {{ download-url-base }} \
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$(lsb_release -cs) \
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stable"
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```
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**armhf**:
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You can choose between two methods for `armhf`. You can use the same method
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as Debian, setting up the repository and using `apt-get install`, or you can
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use a convenience script, which requires privileged access, but sets up the
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repository for you and installs the packages for Bash auto-completion.
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- Setting up the repository directly:
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```bash
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$ echo "deb [arch=armhf] https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo \
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raspbian-jessie main" | \
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sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
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```
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- Using the convenience script:
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```bash
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$ curl -sSL https://get.docker.com > install.sh
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$ sudo bash ./install.sh
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```
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> **Warning**: Always audit scripts downloaded from the internet before
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> running them locally.
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If you use this method, Docker is installed and starts automatically.
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Skip to step 4 below.
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4. **Wheezy only**: The version of `add-apt-repository` on Wheezy adds a `deb-src`
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repository that does not exist. You need to comment out this repository or
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running `apt-get update` will fail. Edit `/etc/apt/sources.list`. Find the
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line like the following, and comment it out or remove it:
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```none
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deb-src [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian wheezy stable
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```
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Save and exit the file.
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[Learn about **stable** and **edge** channels](/engine/installation/).
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#### Install Docker CE
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> **NOTE**: Docker CE is not available on raspbian-jessie, scroll down to follow the Raspian steps.
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1. Update the `apt` package index.
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get update
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```
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2. Install the latest version of Docker, or go to the next step to install a
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specific version. Any existing installation of Docker is replaced.
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Use this command to install the latest version of Docker:
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce
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```
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> **Warning**: If you have multiple Docker repositories enabled, installing
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> or updating without specifying a version in the `apt-get install` or
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> `apt-get update` command will always install the highest possible version,
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> which may not be appropriate for your stability needs.
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3. On production systems, you should install a specific version of Docker
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instead of always using the latest. This output is truncated. List the
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available versions:
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```bash
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$ apt-cache madison docker-ce
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docker-ce | {{ minor-version }}.0~ce-0~debian-jessie | {{ download-url-base}} jessie/stable amd64 Packages
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```
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The contents of the list depend upon which repositories are enabled,
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and will be specific to your version of Debian (indicated by the `jessie`
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suffix on the version, in this example). Choose a specific version to
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install. The second column is the version string. The third column is the
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repository name, which indicates which repository the package is from and
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by extension its stability level. To install a specific version, append the
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version string to the package name and separate them by an equals sign (`=`):
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce=<VERSION_STRING>
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```
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The Docker daemon starts automatically.
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4. Verify that Docker CE is installed correctly by running the `hello-world`
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image.
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```bash
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$ sudo docker run hello-world
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```
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This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the
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container runs, it prints an informational message and exits.
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Docker CE is installed and running. You need to use `sudo` to run Docker
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commands. Continue to [Linux postinstall](linux-postinstall.md) to allow
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non-privileged users to run Docker commands and for other optional configuration
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steps.
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#### Upgrade Docker CE
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To upgrade Docker, first run `sudo apt-get update`, then follow the
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[installation instructions](#install-docker), choosing the new version you want
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to install.
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### Install on Raspian (Raspberry Pi)
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>**Warning**: This isn't necessary if you used the recommended
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>```bash $ curl -sSL https://get.docker.com | sh ``` command!
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Once you have added the Docker repo to `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/`, you should
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see `docker.list` if you:
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```bash
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$ ls /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
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```
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And the contents of the `docker.list` should read:
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`deb [arch=armhf] https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo raspbian-jessie main`
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If you don't see that in `docker.list`, then either comment the line out, or
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`rm` the `docker.list` file.
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Once you have verified that you have the correct repository, you may continue
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installing Docker.
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1. Update the `apt` package index.
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get update
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```
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2. Install the latest version of Docker, or go to the next step to install a
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specific version. Any existing installation of Docker is replaced.
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Use this command to install the latest version of Docker:
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get install docker
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```
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> **NOTE**: By default, Docker on Raspian is Docker Community Edition, so
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> there is no need to specify docker-ce.
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> **NOTE**: If ```bash $ curl -sSL https://get.docker.com | sh ``` isn't used,
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> then docker won't have auto-completion! You'll have to add it manually.
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3. Verify that Docker is installed correctly by running the `hello-world`
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image.
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```bash
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$ sudo docker run hypriot/armhf-hello-world
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```
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This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the
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container runs, it prints an informational message and exits.
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### Install from a package
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If you cannot use Docker's repository to install Docker CE, you can download the
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`.deb` file for your release and install it manually. You will need to download
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a new file each time you want to upgrade Docker.
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1. Go to [{{ download-url-base }}/dists/]({{ download-url-base }}/dists/),
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choose your Debian version, browse to `stable/pool/stable/`, choose either
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`amd64` or `armhf`,and download the `.deb` file for the Docker version you
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want to install and for your version of Debian.
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> **Note**: To install an **edge** package, change the word
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> `stable` in the URL to `edge`.
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> [Learn about **stable** and **edge** channels](/engine/installation/).
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2. Install Docker CE, changing the path below to the path where you downloaded
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the Docker package.
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```bash
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$ sudo dpkg -i /path/to/package.deb
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```
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The Docker daemon starts automatically.
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3. Verify that Docker CE is installed correctly by running the `hello-world`
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image.
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```bash
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$ sudo docker run hello-world
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```
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This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the
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container runs, it prints an informational message and exits.
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Docker CE is installed and running. You need to use `sudo` to run Docker
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commands. Continue to [Post-installation steps for Linux](linux-postinstall.md)
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to allow non-privileged users to run Docker commands and for other optional
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configuration steps.
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#### Upgrade Docker
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To upgrade Docker, download the newer package file and repeat the
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[installation procedure](#install-from-a-package), pointing to the new file.
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## Uninstall Docker
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1. Uninstall the Docker package:
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```bash
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$ sudo apt-get purge docker-ce
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```
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2. Images, containers, volumes, or customized configuration files on your host
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are not automatically removed. To delete all images, containers, and
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volumes:
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```bash
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$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
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```
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You must delete any edited configuration files manually.
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## Next steps
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- Continue to [Post-installation steps for Linux](linux-postinstall.md)
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- Continue with the [User Guide](../../userguide/index.md).
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