/*
 *
 * Copyright 2021 gRPC authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

// Package controller contains implementation to connect to the control plane.
// Including starting the ClientConn, starting the xDS stream, and
// sending/receiving messages.
//
// All the messages are parsed by the resource package (e.g.
// UnmarshalListener()) and sent to the Pubsub watchers.
package controller

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/internal/backoff"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/internal/buffer"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/internal/grpclog"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/keepalive"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/xds/internal/xdsclient/bootstrap"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/xds/internal/xdsclient/controller/version"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/xds/internal/xdsclient/pubsub"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/xds/internal/xdsclient/xdsresource"
)

// Controller manages the connection and stream to the control plane.
//
// It keeps track of what resources are being watched, and send new requests
// when new watches are added.
//
// It takes a pubsub (as an interface) as input. When a response is received,
// it's parsed, and the updates are sent to the pubsub.
type Controller struct {
	config          *bootstrap.ServerConfig
	updateHandler   pubsub.UpdateHandler
	updateValidator xdsresource.UpdateValidatorFunc
	logger          *grpclog.PrefixLogger

	cc               *grpc.ClientConn // Connection to the management server.
	vClient          version.VersionedClient
	stopRunGoroutine context.CancelFunc

	backoff  func(int) time.Duration
	streamCh chan grpc.ClientStream
	sendCh   *buffer.Unbounded

	mu sync.Mutex
	// Message specific watch infos, protected by the above mutex. These are
	// written to, after successfully reading from the update channel, and are
	// read from when recovering from a broken stream to resend the xDS
	// messages. When the user of this client object cancels a watch call,
	// these are set to nil. All accesses to the map protected and any value
	// inside the map should be protected with the above mutex.
	watchMap map[xdsresource.ResourceType]map[string]bool
	// versionMap contains the version that was acked (the version in the ack
	// request that was sent on wire). The key is rType, the value is the
	// version string, because the versions for different resource types should
	// be independent.
	versionMap map[xdsresource.ResourceType]string
	// nonceMap contains the nonce from the most recent received response.
	nonceMap map[xdsresource.ResourceType]string

	// Changes to map lrsClients and the lrsClient inside the map need to be
	// protected by lrsMu.
	//
	// TODO: after LRS refactoring, each controller should only manage the LRS
	// stream to its server. LRS streams to other servers should be managed by
	// other controllers.
	lrsMu      sync.Mutex
	lrsClients map[string]*lrsClient
}

var grpcDial = grpc.Dial

// SetGRPCDial sets the dialer for the controller. The dial can be used to
// manipulate the dial options or change the target if needed.
// The SetGRPCDial must be called before gRPC initialization to make sure it
// affects all the controllers created.
// To reset any dialer set, pass in grpc.Dial as the parameter.
func SetGRPCDial(dialer func(target string, opts ...grpc.DialOption) (*grpc.ClientConn, error)) {
	grpcDial = dialer
}

// New creates a new controller.
func New(config *bootstrap.ServerConfig, updateHandler pubsub.UpdateHandler, validator xdsresource.UpdateValidatorFunc, logger *grpclog.PrefixLogger, boff func(int) time.Duration) (_ *Controller, retErr error) {
	switch {
	case config == nil:
		return nil, errors.New("xds: no xds_server provided")
	case config.ServerURI == "":
		return nil, errors.New("xds: no xds_server name provided in options")
	case config.Creds == nil:
		return nil, errors.New("xds: no credentials provided in options")
	case config.NodeProto == nil:
		return nil, errors.New("xds: no node_proto provided in options")
	}

	dopts := []grpc.DialOption{
		config.Creds,
		grpc.WithKeepaliveParams(keepalive.ClientParameters{
			Time:    5 * time.Minute,
			Timeout: 20 * time.Second,
		}),
	}

	if boff == nil {
		boff = backoff.DefaultExponential.Backoff
	}
	ret := &Controller{
		config:          config,
		updateValidator: validator,
		updateHandler:   updateHandler,

		backoff:    boff,
		streamCh:   make(chan grpc.ClientStream, 1),
		sendCh:     buffer.NewUnbounded(),
		watchMap:   make(map[xdsresource.ResourceType]map[string]bool),
		versionMap: make(map[xdsresource.ResourceType]string),
		nonceMap:   make(map[xdsresource.ResourceType]string),

		lrsClients: make(map[string]*lrsClient),
	}

	defer func() {
		if retErr != nil {
			ret.Close()
		}
	}()

	cc, err := grpcDial(config.ServerURI, dopts...)
	if err != nil {
		// An error from a non-blocking dial indicates something serious.
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("xds: failed to dial control plane {%s}: %v", config.ServerURI, err)
	}
	ret.cc = cc

	builder := version.GetAPIClientBuilder(config.TransportAPI)
	if builder == nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no client builder for xDS API version: %v", config.TransportAPI)
	}
	apiClient, err := builder(version.BuildOptions{NodeProto: config.NodeProto, Logger: logger})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	ret.vClient = apiClient

	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
	ret.stopRunGoroutine = cancel
	go ret.run(ctx)

	return ret, nil
}

// Close closes the controller.
func (t *Controller) Close() {
	// Note that Close needs to check for nils even if some of them are always
	// set in the constructor. This is because the constructor defers Close() in
	// error cases, and the fields might not be set when the error happens.
	if t.stopRunGoroutine != nil {
		t.stopRunGoroutine()
	}
	if t.cc != nil {
		t.cc.Close()
	}
}