Remove Guava's Service from server transport

ServerImpl.start() now throws IOException to make the error explicit.
This was previously being papered over by wrapping the exception in
RuntimeException.

core/src/main/java/io/grpc/AbstractChannelBuilder.java

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractChannelBuilder<BuilderT extends AbstractChannelBui
      * Constructor.
      *
      * @param transportFactory the created channel uses this factory to create transports
-     * @param terminationRunnable will be called at the channel's life-cycle events
+     * @param terminationRunnable will be called at the channel termination
      */
     public ChannelEssentials(ClientTransportFactory transportFactory,
         @Nullable Runnable terminationRunnable) {

core/src/main/java/io/grpc/AbstractServerBuilder.java

@@ -34,9 +34,6 @@ package io.grpc;
 import static io.grpc.AbstractChannelBuilder.DEFAULT_EXECUTOR;
 
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Service;
-
-import io.grpc.transport.ServerListener;
 
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 
@@ -114,18 +111,39 @@ public abstract class AbstractServerBuilder<BuilderT extends AbstractServerBuild
       releaseExecutor = true;
     }
 
-    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry);
+    final ServerEssentials essentials = buildEssentials();
-    server.setTransportServer(buildTransportServer(server.serverListener()));
+    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry, essentials.server);
     server.setTerminationRunnable(new Runnable() {
       @Override
       public void run() {
         if (releaseExecutor) {
           SharedResourceHolder.release(DEFAULT_EXECUTOR, executor);
         }
+        if (essentials.terminationRunnable != null) {
+          essentials.terminationRunnable.run();
+        }
       }
     });
     return server;
   }
 
-  protected abstract Service buildTransportServer(ServerListener serverListener);
+  protected abstract ServerEssentials buildEssentials();
+
+  protected static class ServerEssentials {
+    final io.grpc.transport.Server server;
+    @Nullable
+    final Runnable terminationRunnable;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     *
+     * @param server the created server uses this server to accept transports
+     * @param terminationRunnable will be called at the server termination
+     */
+    public ServerEssentials(io.grpc.transport.Server server,
+        @Nullable Runnable terminationRunnable) {
+      this.server = Preconditions.checkNotNull(server, "server");
+      this.terminationRunnable = terminationRunnable;
+    }
+  }
 }

core/src/main/java/io/grpc/ServerImpl.java

@@ -33,12 +33,11 @@ package io.grpc;
 
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
 import com.google.common.base.Throwables;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Service;
 
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerListener;
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerStream;
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerStreamListener;
+import io.grpc.transport.ServerTransport;
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerTransportListener;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -55,9 +54,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
  * <pre><code>public class TcpTransportServerFactory {
  *   public static Server newServer(Executor executor, HandlerRegistry registry,
  *       String configuration) {
- *     ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry);
+ *     return new ServerImpl(executor, registry, new TcpTransportServer(configuration));
- *     return server.setTransportServer(
- *         new TcpTransportServer(server.serverListener(), configuration));
  *   }
  * }</code></pre>
  *
@@ -67,8 +64,6 @@ import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 public class ServerImpl implements Server {
   private static final ServerStreamListener NOOP_LISTENER = new NoopListener();
 
-  private final ServerListener serverListener = new ServerListenerImpl();
-  private final ServerTransportListener serverTransportListener = new ServerTransportListenerImpl();
   /** Executor for application processing. */
   private final Executor executor;
   private final HandlerRegistry registry;
@@ -77,46 +72,21 @@ public class ServerImpl implements Server {
   private boolean terminated;
   private Runnable terminationRunnable;
   /** Service encapsulating something similar to an accept() socket. */
-  private Service transportServer;
+  private final io.grpc.transport.Server transportServer;
   /** {@code transportServer} and services encapsulating something similar to a TCP connection. */
-  private final Collection<Service> transports = new HashSet<Service>();
+  private final Collection<ServerTransport> transports = new HashSet<ServerTransport>();
 
   /**
-   * Construct a server. {@link #setTransportServer(Service)} must be called before starting the
+   * Construct a server.
-   * server.
    *
    * @param executor to call methods on behalf of remote clients
    * @param registry of methods to expose to remote clients.
    */
-  public ServerImpl(Executor executor, HandlerRegistry registry) {
+  public ServerImpl(Executor executor, HandlerRegistry registry,
-    this.executor = Preconditions.checkNotNull(executor);
+      io.grpc.transport.Server transportServer) {
-    this.registry = Preconditions.checkNotNull(registry);
+    this.executor = Preconditions.checkNotNull(executor, "executor");
-  }
+    this.registry = Preconditions.checkNotNull(registry, "registry");
-
+    this.transportServer = Preconditions.checkNotNull(transportServer, "transportServer");
-  /**
-   * Set the transport server for the server. {@code transportServer} should be in state NEW and not
-   * shared with any other {@code Server}s; it will be started and managed by the newly-created
-   * server instance. Must be called before starting server.
-   *
-   * @return this object
-   */
-  public synchronized ServerImpl setTransportServer(Service transportServer) {
-    if (shutdown) {
-      throw new IllegalStateException("Already shutdown");
-    }
-    Preconditions.checkState(this.transportServer == null, "transportServer already set");
-    this.transportServer = Preconditions.checkNotNull(transportServer);
-    Preconditions.checkArgument(
-        transportServer.state() == Service.State.NEW, "transport server not in NEW state");
-    transportServer.addListener(new TransportServiceListener(transportServer),
-        MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
-    transports.add(transportServer);
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  /** Listener to be called by transport factories to notify of new transport instances. */
-  public ServerListener serverListener() {
-    return serverListener;
   }
 
   /** Hack to allow executors to auto-shutdown. Not for general use. */
@@ -130,22 +100,15 @@ public class ServerImpl implements Server {
    *
    * @return {@code this} object
    * @throws IllegalStateException if already started
+   * @throws IOException if unable to bind
    */
-  public synchronized ServerImpl start() {
+  public synchronized ServerImpl start() throws IOException {
     if (started) {
       throw new IllegalStateException("Already started");
     }
+    // Start and wait for any port to actually be bound.
+    transportServer.start(new ServerListenerImpl());
     started = true;
-    try {
-      // Start and wait for any port to actually be bound.
-      transportServer.startAsync().awaitRunning();
-    } catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
-      Throwable t = transportServer.failureCause();
-      if (t != null) {
-        throw Throwables.propagate(t);
-      }
-      throw ex;
-    }
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -153,12 +116,11 @@ public class ServerImpl implements Server {
    * Initiates an orderly shutdown in which preexisting calls continue but new calls are rejected.
    */
   public synchronized ServerImpl shutdown() {
-    shutdown = true;
+    if (shutdown) {
-    // transports collection can be modified during stopAsync(), even if we hold the lock, due to
+      return this;
-    // reentrancy.
-    for (Service transport : transports.toArray(new Service[transports.size()])) {
-      transport.stopAsync();
     }
+    transportServer.shutdown();
+    shutdown = true;
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -226,10 +188,15 @@ public class ServerImpl implements Server {
    *
    * @param transport service to remove
    */
-  private synchronized void transportClosed(Service transport) {
+  private synchronized void transportClosed(ServerTransport transport) {
     if (!transports.remove(transport)) {
       throw new AssertionError("Transport already removed");
     }
+    checkForTermination();
+  }
+
+  /** Notify of complete shutdown if necessary. */
+  private synchronized void checkForTermination() {
     if (shutdown && transports.isEmpty()) {
       terminated = true;
       notifyAll();
@@ -241,50 +208,39 @@ public class ServerImpl implements Server {
 
   private class ServerListenerImpl implements ServerListener {
     @Override
-    public ServerTransportListener transportCreated(Service transport) {
+    public ServerTransportListener transportCreated(ServerTransport transport) {
-      Service.State transportState = transport.state();
+      synchronized (ServerImpl.this) {
-      Preconditions.checkArgument(
-          transportState == Service.State.STARTING || transportState == Service.State.RUNNING,
-          "Created transport should be starting or running");
-      synchronized (this) {
-        if (shutdown) {
-          transport.stopAsync();
-          return serverTransportListener;
-        }
         transports.add(transport);
       }
-      // transports collection can be modified during this call, even if we hold the lock, due to
+      return new ServerTransportListenerImpl(transport);
-      // reentrancy.
-      transport.addListener(new TransportServiceListener(transport),
-          MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
-      // We assume that transport.state() won't change by another thread before the listener was
-      // registered.
-      Preconditions.checkState(
-          transport.state() == transportState, "transport changed state unexpectedly!");
-      return serverTransportListener;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /** Listens for lifecycle changes to a "TCP connection." */
-  private class TransportServiceListener extends Service.Listener {
-    private final Service transport;
-
-    public TransportServiceListener(Service transport) {
-      this.transport = transport;
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void failed(Service.State from, Throwable failure) {
+    public void serverShutdown() {
-      transportClosed(transport);
+      synchronized (ServerImpl.this) {
-    }
+        // transports collection can be modified during shutdown(), even if we hold the lock, due
-
+        // to reentrancy.
-    @Override
+        for (ServerTransport transport
-    public void terminated(Service.State from) {
+            : transports.toArray(new ServerTransport[transports.size()])) {
-      transportClosed(transport);
+          transport.shutdown();
+        }
+        checkForTermination();
+      }
     }
   }
 
   private class ServerTransportListenerImpl implements ServerTransportListener {
+    private final ServerTransport transport;
+
+    public ServerTransportListenerImpl(ServerTransport transport) {
+      this.transport = transport;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void transportTerminated() {
+      transportClosed(transport);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public ServerStreamListener streamCreated(final ServerStream stream, final String methodName,
         final Metadata.Headers headers) {

core/src/main/java/io/grpc/transport/Server.java

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *
+ *    * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+package io.grpc.transport;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * A server accepts new incomming connections. This is would commonly encapsulate a bound socket
+ * that {@code accept(}}s new connections.
+ */
+public interface Server {
+  /**
+   * Starts transport. Implementations must not call {@code listener} until after {@code start()}
+   * returns. The method only returns after it has done the equivalent of bind()ing, so it will be
+   * able to service any connections created after returning.
+   *
+   * @param listener non-{@code null} listener of server events
+   * @throws IOException if unable to bind
+   */
+  void start(ServerListener listener) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Initiates an orderly shutdown of the server. Existing transports continue, but new transports
+   * will not be created (once {@link ServerListener#serverShutdown()} callback called).
+   */
+  void shutdown();
+}

core/src/main/java/io/grpc/transport/ServerListener.java

@@ -31,10 +31,9 @@
 
 package io.grpc.transport;
 
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Service;
-
 /**
- * A listener to a server for transport creation events.
+ * A listener to a server for transport creation events. Notifications must occur from the transport
+ * thread.
  */
 public interface ServerListener {
 
@@ -44,5 +43,12 @@ public interface ServerListener {
    * @param transport the new transport to be observed.
    * @return a listener for stream creation events on the transport.
    */
-  ServerTransportListener transportCreated(Service transport);
+  ServerTransportListener transportCreated(ServerTransport transport);
+
+  /**
+   * The server is shutting down. No new transports will be processed, but existing streams may
+   * continue. Shutdown is only caused by a call to {@link Server#shutdown()}. All resources have
+   * been released.
+   */
+  void serverShutdown();
 }

core/src/main/java/io/grpc/transport/ServerTransport.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *
+ *    * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+package io.grpc.transport;
+
+/** An inbound connection. */
+public interface ServerTransport {
+  /**
+   * Initiates an orderly shutdown of the transport. Existing streams continue, but new streams will
+   * eventually begin failing. New streams "eventually" begin failing because shutdown may need to
+   * be processed on a separate thread.
+   */
+  void shutdown();
+}

core/src/main/java/io/grpc/transport/ServerTransportListener.java

@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@ package io.grpc.transport;
 import io.grpc.Metadata;
 
 /**
- * A observer of a server-side transport for stream creation events.
+ * A observer of a server-side transport for stream creation events. Notifications must occur from
+ * the transport thread.
  */
 public interface ServerTransportListener {
 
@@ -48,4 +49,9 @@ public interface ServerTransportListener {
    */
   ServerStreamListener streamCreated(ServerStream stream, String method,
       Metadata.Headers headers);
+
+  /**
+   * The transport completed shutting down. All resources have been released.
+   */
+  void transportTerminated();
 }

core/src/test/java/io/grpc/ServerImplTest.java

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertSame;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.isNull;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.notNull;
@@ -47,11 +48,11 @@ import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
 
 import com.google.common.io.ByteStreams;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractService;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Service;
 
+import io.grpc.transport.ServerListener;
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerStream;
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerStreamListener;
+import io.grpc.transport.ServerTransport;
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerTransportListener;
 
 import org.junit.After;
@@ -71,7 +72,6 @@ import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
-import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
 /** Unit tests for {@link ServerImpl}. */
@@ -82,9 +82,8 @@ public class ServerImplTest {
 
   private ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
   private MutableHandlerRegistry registry = new MutableHandlerRegistryImpl();
-  private Service transportServer = new NoopService();
+  private SimpleServer transportServer = new SimpleServer();
-  private ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry)
+  private ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry, transportServer);
-      .setTransportServer(transportServer);
 
   @Mock
   private ServerStream stream;
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ public class ServerImplTest {
 
   /** Set up for test. */
   @Before
-  public void startUp() {
+  public void startUp() throws IOException {
     MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
 
     server.start();
@@ -107,92 +106,62 @@ public class ServerImplTest {
   }
 
   @Test
-  public void startStopImmediate() throws InterruptedException {
+  public void startStopImmediate() throws IOException {
-    Service transportServer = new NoopService();
+    transportServer = new SimpleServer() {
-    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry).setTransportServer(transportServer);
+      @Override
-    assertEquals(Service.State.NEW, transportServer.state());
+      public void shutdown() {}
+    };
+    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry, transportServer);
     server.start();
-    assertEquals(Service.State.RUNNING, transportServer.state());
     server.shutdown();
-    assertTrue(server.awaitTerminated(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+    assertTrue(server.isShutdown());
-    assertEquals(Service.State.TERMINATED, transportServer.state());
+    assertFalse(server.isTerminated());
+    transportServer.listener.serverShutdown();
+    assertTrue(server.isTerminated());
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void startStopImmediateWithChildTransport() throws IOException {
+    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry, transportServer);
+    server.start();
+    class DelayedShutdownServerTransport extends SimpleServerTransport {
+      boolean shutdown;
+
+      @Override
+      public void shutdown() {
+        shutdown = true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    DelayedShutdownServerTransport serverTransport = new DelayedShutdownServerTransport();
+    transportServer.registerNewServerTransport(serverTransport);
+    server.shutdown();
+    assertTrue(server.isShutdown());
+    assertFalse(server.isTerminated());
+    assertTrue(serverTransport.shutdown);
+    serverTransport.listener.transportTerminated();
+    assertTrue(server.isTerminated());
   }
 
   @Test
   public void transportServerFailsStartup() {
-    final Exception ex = new RuntimeException();
+    final IOException ex = new IOException();
-    class FailingStartupService extends NoopService {
+    class FailingStartupServer extends SimpleServer {
       @Override
-      public void doStart() {
+      public void start(ServerListener listener) throws IOException {
-        notifyFailed(ex);
+        throw ex;
       }
     }
 
-    FailingStartupService transportServer = new FailingStartupService();
+    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry, new FailingStartupServer());
-    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry).setTransportServer(transportServer);
     try {
       server.start();
-    } catch (Exception e) {
+      fail("expected exception");
+    } catch (IOException e) {
       assertSame(ex, e);
     }
   }
 
-  @Test
-  public void transportServerFirstToShutdown() {
-    class ManualStoppedService extends NoopService {
-      public void doNotifyStopped() {
-        notifyStopped();
-      }
-
-      @Override
-      public void doStop() {} // Don't notify.
-    }
-
-    NoopService transportServer = new NoopService();
-    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry).setTransportServer(transportServer)
-        .start();
-    ManualStoppedService transport = new ManualStoppedService();
-    transport.startAsync();
-    server.serverListener().transportCreated(transport);
-    server.shutdown();
-    assertEquals(Service.State.STOPPING, transport.state());
-    assertEquals(Service.State.TERMINATED, transportServer.state());
-    assertTrue(server.isShutdown());
-    assertFalse(server.isTerminated());
-
-    transport.doNotifyStopped();
-    assertEquals(Service.State.TERMINATED, transport.state());
-    assertTrue(server.isTerminated());
-  }
-
-  @Test
-  public void transportServerLastToShutdown() {
-    class ManualStoppedService extends NoopService {
-      public void doNotifyStopped() {
-        notifyStopped();
-      }
-
-      @Override
-      public void doStop() {} // Don't notify.
-    }
-
-    ManualStoppedService transportServer = new ManualStoppedService();
-    ServerImpl server = new ServerImpl(executor, registry).setTransportServer(transportServer)
-        .start();
-    Service transport = new NoopService();
-    transport.startAsync();
-    server.serverListener().transportCreated(transport);
-    server.shutdown();
-    assertEquals(Service.State.TERMINATED, transport.state());
-    assertEquals(Service.State.STOPPING, transportServer.state());
-    assertTrue(server.isShutdown());
-    assertFalse(server.isTerminated());
-
-    transportServer.doNotifyStopped();
-    assertEquals(Service.State.TERMINATED, transportServer.state());
-    assertTrue(server.isTerminated());
-  }
-
   @Test
   public void basicExchangeSuccessful() throws Exception {
     final Metadata.Key<Integer> metadataKey
@@ -213,7 +182,8 @@ public class ServerImplTest {
               return callListener;
             }
           }).build());
-    ServerTransportListener transportListener = newTransport(server);
+    ServerTransportListener transportListener
+        = transportServer.registerNewServerTransport(new SimpleServerTransport());
 
     Metadata.Headers headers = new Metadata.Headers();
     headers.put(metadataKey, 0);
@@ -271,7 +241,8 @@ public class ServerImplTest {
               throw status.asRuntimeException();
             }
           }).build());
-    ServerTransportListener transportListener = newTransport(server);
+    ServerTransportListener transportListener
+        = transportServer.registerNewServerTransport(new SimpleServerTransport());
 
     ServerStreamListener streamListener
         = transportListener.streamCreated(stream, "/Waiter/serve", new Metadata.Headers());
@@ -284,12 +255,6 @@ public class ServerImplTest {
     verifyNoMoreInteractions(stream);
   }
 
-  private static ServerTransportListener newTransport(ServerImpl server) {
-    Service transport = new NoopService();
-    transport.startAsync();
-    return server.serverListener().transportCreated(transport);
-  }
-
   /**
    * Useful for plugging a single-threaded executor from processing tasks, or for waiting until a
    * single-threaded executor has processed queued tasks.
@@ -311,15 +276,30 @@ public class ServerImplTest {
     return barrier;
   }
 
-  private static class NoopService extends AbstractService {
+  private static class SimpleServer implements io.grpc.transport.Server {
+    ServerListener listener;
+
     @Override
-    protected void doStart() {
+    public void start(ServerListener listener) throws IOException {
-      notifyStarted();
+      this.listener = listener;
     }
 
     @Override
-    protected void doStop() {
+    public void shutdown() {
-      notifyStopped();
+      listener.serverShutdown();
+    }
+
+    public ServerTransportListener registerNewServerTransport(SimpleServerTransport transport) {
+      return transport.listener = listener.transportCreated(transport);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static class SimpleServerTransport implements ServerTransport {
+    ServerTransportListener listener;
+
+    @Override
+    public void shutdown() {
+      listener.transportTerminated();
     }
   }
 

examples/src/main/java/io/grpc/examples/routeguide/RouteGuideServer.java

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public class RouteGuideServer {
   }
 
   /** Start serving requests. */
-  public void start() {
+  public void start() throws IOException {
     grpcServer = NettyServerBuilder.forPort(port)
         .addService(RouteGuideGrpc.bindService(new RouteGuideService(features)))
         .build().start();

integration-testing/src/main/java/io/grpc/testing/integration/AbstractTransportTest.java

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
@@ -93,11 +94,14 @@ public abstract class AbstractTransportTest {
   protected static void startStaticServer(AbstractServerBuilder<?> builder) {
     testServiceExecutor = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2);
 
-    server = builder
+    builder.addService(ServerInterceptors.intercept(
-        .addService(ServerInterceptors.intercept(
+        TestServiceGrpc.bindService(new TestServiceImpl(testServiceExecutor)),
-            TestServiceGrpc.bindService(new TestServiceImpl(testServiceExecutor)),
+        TestUtils.echoRequestHeadersInterceptor(Util.METADATA_KEY)));
-            TestUtils.echoRequestHeadersInterceptor(Util.METADATA_KEY)))
+    try {
-        .build().start();
+      server = builder.build().start();
+    } catch (IOException ex) {
+      throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+    }
   }
 
   protected static void stopStaticServer() {

netty/src/main/java/io/grpc/transport/netty/NettyServer.java

@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ import static io.netty.channel.ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG;
 import static io.netty.channel.ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE;
 
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractService;
 
+import io.grpc.transport.Server;
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerListener;
 import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 import io.netty.channel.Channel;
@@ -48,53 +48,47 @@ import io.netty.channel.ServerChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.SocketAddress;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
 
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 
 /**
- * Implementation of the {@link com.google.common.util.concurrent.Service} interface for a
+ * Netty-based server implementation.
- * Netty-based server.
  */
-public class NettyServer extends AbstractService {
+public class NettyServer implements Server {
+  private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Server.class.getName());
+
   private final SocketAddress address;
   private final Class<? extends ServerChannel> channelType;
-  private final ChannelInitializer<Channel> channelInitializer;
   private final EventLoopGroup bossGroup;
   private final EventLoopGroup workerGroup;
+  private final SslContext sslContext;
+  private final int maxStreamsPerConnection;
+  private ServerListener listener;
   private Channel channel;
 
-  NettyServer(ServerListener serverListener, SocketAddress address,
+  NettyServer(SocketAddress address, Class<? extends ServerChannel> channelType,
-      Class<? extends ServerChannel> channelType, EventLoopGroup bossGroup,
+      EventLoopGroup bossGroup, EventLoopGroup workerGroup, int maxStreamsPerConnection) {
-      EventLoopGroup workerGroup, int maxStreamsPerConnection) {
+    this(address, channelType, bossGroup, workerGroup, null, maxStreamsPerConnection);
-    this(serverListener, address, channelType, bossGroup, workerGroup, null,
-        maxStreamsPerConnection);
   }
 
-  NettyServer(final ServerListener serverListener, SocketAddress address,
+  NettyServer(SocketAddress address, Class<? extends ServerChannel> channelType,
-      Class<? extends ServerChannel> channelType, EventLoopGroup bossGroup,
+      EventLoopGroup bossGroup, EventLoopGroup workerGroup, @Nullable SslContext sslContext,
-      EventLoopGroup workerGroup, @Nullable final SslContext sslContext,
+      int maxStreamsPerConnection) {
-      final int maxStreamsPerConnection) {
     this.address = address;
     this.channelType = Preconditions.checkNotNull(channelType, "channelType");
     this.bossGroup = Preconditions.checkNotNull(bossGroup, "bossGroup");
     this.workerGroup = Preconditions.checkNotNull(workerGroup, "workerGroup");
-    this.channelInitializer = new ChannelInitializer<Channel>() {
+    this.sslContext = sslContext;
-      @Override
+    this.maxStreamsPerConnection = maxStreamsPerConnection;
-      public void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
-        NettyServerTransport transport
-            = new NettyServerTransport(ch, serverListener, sslContext, maxStreamsPerConnection);
-        // TODO(ejona86): Ideally we wouldn't handle handler registration asyncly and then be forced
-        // to block for completion on another thread. This should be resolved as part of removing
-        // Service from server transport.
-        transport.startAsync().awaitRunning();
-        // TODO(nmittler): Should we wait for transport shutdown before shutting down server?
-      }
-    };
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void doStart() {
+  public void start(ServerListener serverListener) throws IOException {
+    listener = serverListener;
     ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
     b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup);
     b.channel(channelType);
@@ -102,36 +96,42 @@ public class NettyServer extends AbstractService {
       b.option(SO_BACKLOG, 128);
       b.childOption(SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
     }
-    b.childHandler(channelInitializer);
+    b.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<Channel>() {
-
-    // Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
-    b.bind(address).addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
       @Override
-      public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
+      public void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
-        if (future.isSuccess()) {
+        NettyServerTransport transport
-          channel = future.channel();
+            = new NettyServerTransport(ch, sslContext, maxStreamsPerConnection);
-          notifyStarted();
+        transport.start(listener.transportCreated(transport));
-        } else {
-          notifyFailed(future.cause());
-        }
       }
     });
+
+    // Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
+    ChannelFuture future = b.bind(address);
+    try {
+      future.await();
+    } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
+      Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+      throw new RuntimeException("Interrupted waiting for bind");
+    }
+    if (!future.isSuccess()) {
+      throw new IOException("Failed to bind", future.cause());
+    }
+    channel = future.channel();
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void doStop() {
+  public void shutdown() {
-    // Wait for the channel to close.
+    if (channel == null || channel.isOpen()) {
-    if (channel != null && channel.isOpen()) {
+      return;
-      channel.close().addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
-        @Override
-        public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
-          if (future.isSuccess()) {
-            notifyStopped();
-          } else {
-            notifyFailed(future.cause());
-          }
-        }
-      });
     }
+    channel.close().addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
+      @Override
+      public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
+        if (!future.isSuccess()) {
+          log.log(Level.WARNING, "Error shutting down server", future.cause());
+        }
+        listener.serverShutdown();
+      }
+    });
   }
 }

netty/src/main/java/io/grpc/transport/netty/NettyServerBuilder.java

@@ -32,13 +32,10 @@
 package io.grpc.transport.netty;
 
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Service;
 
 import io.grpc.AbstractServerBuilder;
 import io.grpc.HandlerRegistry;
 import io.grpc.SharedResourceHolder;
-import io.grpc.transport.ServerListener;
 import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
 import io.netty.channel.ServerChannel;
 import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
@@ -177,44 +174,25 @@ public final class NettyServerBuilder extends AbstractServerBuilder<NettyServerB
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected Service buildTransportServer(ServerListener serverListener) {
+  protected ServerEssentials buildEssentials() {
     final EventLoopGroup bossEventLoopGroup  = (userBossEventLoopGroup == null)
         ? SharedResourceHolder.get(Utils.DEFAULT_BOSS_EVENT_LOOP_GROUP) : userBossEventLoopGroup;
     final EventLoopGroup workerEventLoopGroup = (userWorkerEventLoopGroup == null)
         ? SharedResourceHolder.get(Utils.DEFAULT_WORKER_EVENT_LOOP_GROUP)
         : userWorkerEventLoopGroup;
-    NettyServer server = new NettyServer(serverListener, address, channelType, bossEventLoopGroup,
+    NettyServer server = new NettyServer(address, channelType, bossEventLoopGroup,
         workerEventLoopGroup, sslContext, maxConcurrentCallsPerConnection);
-    if (userBossEventLoopGroup == null) {
+    Runnable terminationRunnable = new Runnable() {
-      server.addListener(new ClosureHook() {
+      @Override
-        @Override
+      public void run() {
-        protected void onClosed() {
+        if (userBossEventLoopGroup == null) {
           SharedResourceHolder.release(Utils.DEFAULT_BOSS_EVENT_LOOP_GROUP, bossEventLoopGroup);
         }
-      }, MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
+        if (userWorkerEventLoopGroup == null) {
-    }
-    if (userWorkerEventLoopGroup == null) {
-      server.addListener(new ClosureHook() {
-        @Override
-        protected void onClosed() {
           SharedResourceHolder.release(Utils.DEFAULT_WORKER_EVENT_LOOP_GROUP, workerEventLoopGroup);
         }
-      }, MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
+      }
-    }
+    };
-    return server;
+    return new ServerEssentials(server, terminationRunnable);
-  }
-
-  private abstract static class ClosureHook extends Service.Listener {
-    protected abstract void onClosed();
-
-    @Override
-    public void terminated(Service.State from) {
-      onClosed();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void failed(Service.State from, Throwable failure) {
-      onClosed();
-    }
   }
 }

netty/src/main/java/io/grpc/transport/netty/NettyServerTransport.java

@@ -32,9 +32,8 @@
 package io.grpc.transport.netty;
 
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractService;
 
-import io.grpc.transport.ServerListener;
+import io.grpc.transport.ServerTransport;
 import io.grpc.transport.ServerTransportListener;
 import io.netty.channel.Channel;
 import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
@@ -51,50 +50,48 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2OutboundFrameLogger;
 import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
 import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
 
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * The Netty-based server transport.
  */
-class NettyServerTransport extends AbstractService {
+class NettyServerTransport implements ServerTransport {
-  private static final Http2FrameLogger frameLogger = new Http2FrameLogger(LogLevel.DEBUG); 
+  private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(NettyServerTransport.class.getName());
-  private final Channel channel;
-  private final ServerListener serverListener;
-  private final SslContext sslContext;
-  private NettyServerHandler handler;
-  private int maxStreams;
 
-  NettyServerTransport(Channel channel, ServerListener serverListener,
+  private final Channel channel;
-      @Nullable SslContext sslContext, int maxStreams) {
+  private final SslContext sslContext;
+  private final int maxStreams;
+  private ServerTransportListener listener;
+  private boolean terminated;
+
+  NettyServerTransport(Channel channel, @Nullable SslContext sslContext, int maxStreams) {
     this.channel = Preconditions.checkNotNull(channel, "channel");
-    this.serverListener = Preconditions.checkNotNull(serverListener, "serverListener");
     this.sslContext = sslContext;
     this.maxStreams = maxStreams;
   }
 
-  @Override
+  public void start(ServerTransportListener listener) {
-  protected void doStart() {
+    Preconditions.checkState(this.listener == null, "Handler already registered");
-    Preconditions.checkState(handler == null, "Handler already registered");
+    this.listener = listener;
-
-    // Notify the listener that this transport is being constructed.
-    ServerTransportListener transportListener = serverListener.transportCreated(this);
 
     // Create the Netty handler for the pipeline.
-    handler = createHandler(transportListener);
+    final NettyServerHandler handler = createHandler(listener);
 
     // Notify when the channel closes.
     channel.closeFuture().addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
       @Override
       public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
         if (!future.isSuccess()) {
-          // Close failed.
+          notifyTerminated(future.cause());
-          notifyFailed(future.cause());
         } else if (handler.connectionError() != null) {
           // The handler encountered a connection error.
-          notifyFailed(handler.connectionError());
+          notifyTerminated(handler.connectionError());
         } else {
           // Normal termination of the connection.
-          notifyStopped();
+          notifyTerminated(null);
         }
       }
     });
@@ -103,24 +100,31 @@ class NettyServerTransport extends AbstractService {
       channel.pipeline().addLast(Http2Negotiator.serverTls(sslContext.newEngine(channel.alloc())));
     }
     channel.pipeline().addLast(handler);
-
-    notifyStarted();
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void doStop() {
+  public void shutdown() {
-    // No explicit call to notifyStopped() here, since this is automatically done when the
-    // channel closes.
     if (channel.isOpen()) {
       channel.close();
     }
   }
 
+  private void notifyTerminated(Throwable t) {
+    if (t != null) {
+      log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Transport failed", t);
+    }
+    if (!terminated) {
+      terminated = true;
+      listener.transportTerminated();
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Creates the Netty handler to be used in the channel pipeline.
    */
   private NettyServerHandler createHandler(ServerTransportListener transportListener) {
     Http2Connection connection = new DefaultHttp2Connection(true);
+    Http2FrameLogger frameLogger = new Http2FrameLogger(LogLevel.DEBUG);
     Http2FrameReader frameReader =
         new Http2InboundFrameLogger(new DefaultHttp2FrameReader(), frameLogger);
     Http2FrameWriter frameWriter =