diff --git a/xds/src/main/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ClientSslContextProviderFactory.java b/xds/src/main/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ClientSslContextProviderFactory.java
index 19ad67186c..ccaf86e3f6 100644
--- a/xds/src/main/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ClientSslContextProviderFactory.java
+++ b/xds/src/main/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ClientSslContextProviderFactory.java
@@ -51,7 +51,19 @@ final class ClientSslContextProviderFactory
     checkNotNull(
         upstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext(),
         "upstreamTlsContext should have CommonTlsContext");
-    if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasAllSecretsUsingFilename(upstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext())) {
+    if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasCertProviderInstance(
+            upstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext())) {
+      try {
+        Bootstrapper.BootstrapInfo bootstrapInfo = bootstrapper.readBootstrap();
+        return certProviderClientSslContextProviderFactory.getProvider(
+                upstreamTlsContext,
+                bootstrapInfo.getNode().toEnvoyProtoNode(),
+                bootstrapInfo.getCertProviders());
+      } catch (XdsInitializationException e) {
+        throw new RuntimeException(e);
+      }
+    } else if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasAllSecretsUsingFilename(
+        upstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext())) {
       return SecretVolumeClientSslContextProvider.getProvider(upstreamTlsContext);
     } else if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasAllSecretsUsingSds(
         upstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext())) {
@@ -67,17 +79,6 @@ final class ClientSslContextProviderFactory
       } catch (XdsInitializationException e) {
         throw new RuntimeException(e);
       }
-    } else if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasCertProviderInstance(
-        upstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext())) {
-      try {
-        Bootstrapper.BootstrapInfo bootstrapInfo = bootstrapper.readBootstrap();
-        return certProviderClientSslContextProviderFactory.getProvider(
-            upstreamTlsContext,
-            bootstrapInfo.getNode().toEnvoyProtoNode(),
-            bootstrapInfo.getCertProviders());
-      } catch (XdsInitializationException e) {
-        throw new RuntimeException(e);
-      }
     }
     throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unsupported configurations in UpstreamTlsContext!");
   }
diff --git a/xds/src/main/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ServerSslContextProviderFactory.java b/xds/src/main/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ServerSslContextProviderFactory.java
index 3a33c975c0..657bbd7dfd 100644
--- a/xds/src/main/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ServerSslContextProviderFactory.java
+++ b/xds/src/main/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ServerSslContextProviderFactory.java
@@ -52,7 +52,18 @@ final class ServerSslContextProviderFactory
     checkNotNull(
         downstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext(),
         "downstreamTlsContext should have CommonTlsContext");
-    if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasAllSecretsUsingFilename(
+    if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasCertProviderInstance(
+            downstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext())) {
+      try {
+        Bootstrapper.BootstrapInfo bootstrapInfo = bootstrapper.readBootstrap();
+        return certProviderServerSslContextProviderFactory.getProvider(
+                downstreamTlsContext,
+                bootstrapInfo.getNode().toEnvoyProtoNode(),
+                bootstrapInfo.getCertProviders());
+      } catch (XdsInitializationException e) {
+        throw new RuntimeException(e);
+      }
+    } else if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasAllSecretsUsingFilename(
         downstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext())) {
       return SecretVolumeServerSslContextProvider.getProvider(downstreamTlsContext);
     } else if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasAllSecretsUsingSds(
@@ -69,17 +80,6 @@ final class ServerSslContextProviderFactory
       } catch (XdsInitializationException e) {
         throw new RuntimeException(e);
       }
-    } else if (CommonTlsContextUtil.hasCertProviderInstance(
-        downstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext())) {
-      try {
-        Bootstrapper.BootstrapInfo bootstrapInfo = bootstrapper.readBootstrap();
-        return certProviderServerSslContextProviderFactory.getProvider(
-            downstreamTlsContext,
-            bootstrapInfo.getNode().toEnvoyProtoNode(),
-            bootstrapInfo.getCertProviders());
-      } catch (XdsInitializationException e) {
-        throw new RuntimeException(e);
-      }
     }
     throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unsupported configurations in DownstreamTlsContext!");
   }
diff --git a/xds/src/test/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ClientSslContextProviderFactoryTest.java b/xds/src/test/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ClientSslContextProviderFactoryTest.java
index 46f0685b5a..397f1c332c 100644
--- a/xds/src/test/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ClientSslContextProviderFactoryTest.java
+++ b/xds/src/test/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ClientSslContextProviderFactoryTest.java
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@ import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import io.envoyproxy.envoy.config.core.v3.DataSource;
 import io.envoyproxy.envoy.extensions.transport_sockets.tls.v3.CertificateValidationContext;
 import io.envoyproxy.envoy.extensions.transport_sockets.tls.v3.CommonTlsContext;
+import io.envoyproxy.envoy.extensions.transport_sockets.tls.v3.TlsCertificate;
 import io.envoyproxy.envoy.type.matcher.v3.StringMatcher;
 import io.grpc.xds.Bootstrapper;
 import io.grpc.xds.CommonBootstrapperTestUtils;
@@ -139,6 +141,33 @@ public class ClientSslContextProviderFactoryTest {
     verifyWatcher(sslContextProvider, watcherCaptor[0]);
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void bothPresent_expectCertProviderClientSslContextProvider()
+      throws XdsInitializationException {
+    final CertificateProvider.DistributorWatcher[] watcherCaptor =
+        new CertificateProvider.DistributorWatcher[1];
+    createAndRegisterProviderProvider(certificateProviderRegistry, watcherCaptor, "testca", 0);
+    UpstreamTlsContext upstreamTlsContext =
+        CommonTlsContextTestsUtil.buildUpstreamTlsContextForCertProviderInstance(
+            "gcp_id",
+            "cert-default",
+            "gcp_id",
+            "root-default",
+            /* alpnProtocols= */ null,
+            /* staticCertValidationContext= */ null);
+
+    CommonTlsContext.Builder builder = upstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext().toBuilder();
+    builder = addFilenames(builder, "foo.pem", "foo.key", "root.pem");
+    upstreamTlsContext = new UpstreamTlsContext(builder.build());
+
+    Bootstrapper.BootstrapInfo bootstrapInfo = CommonBootstrapperTestUtils.getTestBootstrapInfo();
+    when(bootstrapper.readBootstrap()).thenReturn(bootstrapInfo);
+    SslContextProvider sslContextProvider =
+        clientSslContextProviderFactory.create(upstreamTlsContext);
+    assertThat(sslContextProvider).isInstanceOf(CertProviderClientSslContextProvider.class);
+    verifyWatcher(sslContextProvider, watcherCaptor[0]);
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void createCertProviderClientSslContextProvider_onlyRootCert()
       throws XdsInitializationException {
@@ -301,4 +330,27 @@ public class ClientSslContextProviderFactoryTest {
     assertThat(watcherCaptor.getDownstreamWatchers().iterator().next())
         .isSameInstanceAs(sslContextProvider);
   }
+
+  static CommonTlsContext.Builder addFilenames(
+      CommonTlsContext.Builder builder, String certChain, String privateKey, String trustCa) {
+    TlsCertificate tlsCert =
+        TlsCertificate.newBuilder()
+            .setCertificateChain(DataSource.newBuilder().setFilename(certChain))
+            .setPrivateKey(DataSource.newBuilder().setFilename(privateKey))
+            .build();
+    CertificateValidationContext certContext =
+        CertificateValidationContext.newBuilder()
+            .setTrustedCa(DataSource.newBuilder().setFilename(trustCa))
+            .build();
+    CommonTlsContext.CertificateProviderInstance certificateProviderInstance =
+        builder.getValidationContextCertificateProviderInstance();
+    CommonTlsContext.CombinedCertificateValidationContext.Builder combinedBuilder =
+        CommonTlsContext.CombinedCertificateValidationContext.newBuilder();
+    combinedBuilder
+        .setDefaultValidationContext(certContext)
+        .setValidationContextCertificateProviderInstance(certificateProviderInstance);
+    return builder
+        .addTlsCertificates(tlsCert)
+        .setCombinedValidationContext(combinedBuilder.build());
+  }
 }
diff --git a/xds/src/test/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ServerSslContextProviderFactoryTest.java b/xds/src/test/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ServerSslContextProviderFactoryTest.java
index 00d32268b4..0a68197173 100644
--- a/xds/src/test/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ServerSslContextProviderFactoryTest.java
+++ b/xds/src/test/java/io/grpc/xds/internal/sds/ServerSslContextProviderFactoryTest.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import io.envoyproxy.envoy.extensions.transport_sockets.tls.v3.CommonTlsContext;
 import io.envoyproxy.envoy.type.matcher.v3.StringMatcher;
 import io.grpc.xds.Bootstrapper;
 import io.grpc.xds.CommonBootstrapperTestUtils;
+import io.grpc.xds.EnvoyServerProtoData;
 import io.grpc.xds.EnvoyServerProtoData.DownstreamTlsContext;
 import io.grpc.xds.XdsInitializationException;
 import io.grpc.xds.internal.certprovider.CertProviderServerSslContextProvider;
@@ -136,6 +137,37 @@ public class ServerSslContextProviderFactoryTest {
     verifyWatcher(sslContextProvider, watcherCaptor[0]);
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void bothPresent_expectCertProviderServerSslContextProvider()
+      throws XdsInitializationException {
+    final CertificateProvider.DistributorWatcher[] watcherCaptor =
+        new CertificateProvider.DistributorWatcher[1];
+    createAndRegisterProviderProvider(certificateProviderRegistry, watcherCaptor, "testca", 0);
+    DownstreamTlsContext downstreamTlsContext =
+        CommonTlsContextTestsUtil.buildDownstreamTlsContextForCertProviderInstance(
+            "gcp_id",
+            "cert-default",
+            "gcp_id",
+            "root-default",
+            /* alpnProtocols= */ null,
+            /* staticCertValidationContext= */ null,
+            /* requireClientCert= */ true);
+
+    CommonTlsContext.Builder builder = downstreamTlsContext.getCommonTlsContext().toBuilder();
+    builder =
+        ClientSslContextProviderFactoryTest.addFilenames(builder, "foo.pem", "foo.key", "root.pem");
+    downstreamTlsContext =
+        new EnvoyServerProtoData.DownstreamTlsContext(
+            builder.build(), downstreamTlsContext.isRequireClientCertificate());
+
+    Bootstrapper.BootstrapInfo bootstrapInfo = CommonBootstrapperTestUtils.getTestBootstrapInfo();
+    when(bootstrapper.readBootstrap()).thenReturn(bootstrapInfo);
+    SslContextProvider sslContextProvider =
+        serverSslContextProviderFactory.create(downstreamTlsContext);
+    assertThat(sslContextProvider).isInstanceOf(CertProviderServerSslContextProvider.class);
+    verifyWatcher(sslContextProvider, watcherCaptor[0]);
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void createCertProviderServerSslContextProvider_onlyCertInstance()
       throws XdsInitializationException {