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homillyxiao
Istio Automation
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---
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title: Run a Microservice Locally
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overview: Learn how to work on a single service on your local machine.
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title: 本地运行微服务
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overview: 学习如何在本地机器上进行单一服务的工作。
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weight: 10
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---
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{{< boilerplate work-in-progress >}}
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Before the advent of microservice architecture, development teams built,
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deployed and ran the whole application as one large chunk of software. To test a
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small change in their module not merely by unit testing, the developers had to
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build the whole application. Therefore the builds took large amount of time.
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After the build, the developers deployed their version of the application into a
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test server. The developers ran the server either on a remote machine, or on their
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local computer. In the latter case, the developers had to install and operate a
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rather complex environment on their local computer.
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在微服务架构出现之前，开发团队会将整个应用程序作为一个大型软件进行构建、部署和运行。想要测试模块中一个微小的改变，
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开发人员不仅要通过单元测试，他们必须重新构建整个程序。因此，构建花费了大量的时间。完成构建后，
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开发人员将应用程序版本部署到测试服务器上。他们会把服务跑在远程或本地计算机中。在后一种情况下，开发者会在他们
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的本地计算机上安装并管理一个相当复杂的环境。
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In the era of microservice architecture, the developers write, build, test and
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run small software services. Builds are fast. With modern frameworks like
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[Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) there is no need to install and operate
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complex server environments to test a single service, since the service runs as
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a regular process. You do not have to deploy your service to some environment to
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merely test it, so you just build your service and run it immediately on your
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local computer.
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在微服务架构时代，开发人员编写、构建、测试和运行小型的软件服务。构建是快速的。使用类似
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[Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) 这样的现代框架, 由于服务是作为常规进程来运行的，就不需要安装并管理
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复杂的服务环境来测试它了。您不再仅仅为了测试您的服务就得将它部署到某个环境了，您只需要构建您的服务并且直接在你本地机器上运行即可。
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This module covers the different aspects involved in developing a single service
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on a local machine. You don't need to write code though. Instead, you build,
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run, and test an existing service: `ratings`.
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该模块涵盖了在本地机器上开发单个服务所涉及的不同方面。不过，您无需编写代码，只需要编译、运行和测试现有服务 `rating` 。
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The `ratings` service is a small web app written in
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[Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) that can run on its own. It performs similar
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actions to those of other web apps:
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`ratings` 服务是用 [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/) 编写的一个可以单独运行的小型 web 应用程序。
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它与其他 web 应用程序执行类似的操作：
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- Listen to the port it receives as a parameter.
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- Expect `HTTP GET` requests on the `/ratings/{productID}` path and return the
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ratings of the product matching the value the client specifies for `productID`.
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- Expect `HTTP POST` requests on the `/ratings/{productID}` path and update the
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ratings of the product matching the value you specify for `productID`.
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- 侦听它作为参数接受的端口。
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- 期待在 `/ratings/{productID}` 路径上的 `HTTP GET` 请求，并返回与客户端指定的 `productID`
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的值所匹配的产品的评级。
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- 期待在 `/ratings/{productID}` 路径上的 `HTTP POST` 请求，并更新与您指定的 `productID`
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的值所匹配的产品的评级。
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Follow these steps to download the code of the app, install its dependencies,
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and run it locally:
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请按照下列步骤下载应用程序的代码，安装其依赖项，然后在本地运行它：
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1. Download
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[the service's code]({{< github_blob >}}/samples/bookinfo/src/ratings/ratings.js)
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and
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[the package file]({{< github_blob >}}/samples/bookinfo/src/ratings/package.json)
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into a separate directory:
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1. 将
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[服务代码]({{< github_blob >}}/samples/bookinfo/src/ratings/ratings.js)
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和
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[其 package 文件]({{< github_blob >}}/samples/bookinfo/src/ratings/package.json)
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下载到一个单独的目录中：
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ mkdir ratings
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@ -53,24 +41,23 @@ and run it locally:
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$ curl -s {{< github_file >}}/samples/bookinfo/src/ratings/package.json -o package.json
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{{< /text >}}
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1. Skim the service's code and note the following elements on the code:
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- The web server's features:
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- listening to a port
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- handling requests and responses
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- The aspects related to HTTP:
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- headers
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- path
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- status code
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1. 浏览服务的代码，并注意代码中以下元素：
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- web 服务器的特征:
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- 监听一个端口
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- 处理请求和响应
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- 与 HTTP 相关的方面:
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- 请求头
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- 路径
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- 状态码
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{{< tip >}}
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In Node.js, the web server's functionality is embedded in the code of the application. A Node.js
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web application runs as a standalone process.
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在 Node.js 中, web服务器的功能嵌入在应用程序的代码中。 一个 Node.js
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web 应用程序作为一个独立进程运行。
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{{< /tip >}}
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1. Node.js applications are written in JavaScript, which means that there is no
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explicit compilation step. Instead, they use [just-in-time compilation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just-in-time_compilation). To build a Node.js application, then means to install its dependencies. Install
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the dependencies of the `ratings` service in the same folder where you
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stored the service code and the package file:
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1. Node.js 应用程序是用 JavaScript 编写的， 这意味着没有显式编译步骤。 相反，它们
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使用 [just-in-time 即时编译](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E6%97%B6%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91)。要
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构建 Node.js 应用程序， 则意味着要安装其依赖库。 将 `rating` 服务的依赖库安装在存储服务代码和 package 文件的同一目录下：
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ npm install
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@ -82,7 +69,7 @@ and run it locally:
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added 24 packages in 2.094s
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{{< /text >}}
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1. Run the service, passing `9080` as a parameter. The application then listens on port 9080.
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1. 通过传递 `9080` 参数来运行服务， 然后应用程序在9080端口上监听。
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ npm start 9080
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@ -92,38 +79,36 @@ and run it locally:
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{{< /text >}}
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{{< tip >}}
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The `ratings` service is a web app and you can communicate with it as you would
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with any other web app. You can use a browser or a command line web client like
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[`curl`](https://curl.haxx.se) or [`Wget`](https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/).
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Since you run the `ratings` service locally, you can also access it via the
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`localhost` hostname.
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该 `ratings` 服务是一个 web 应用程序，您可以像访问其他 web 应用程序那样访问它。
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您可以使用浏览器或者像
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[`curl`](https://curl.haxx.se) 或 [`Wget`](https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/)
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的命令行 web 客户端。由于您在本地运行了 `rating` 服务，因此您也可以通过 `localhost`
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主机名访问它。
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{{< /tip >}}
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1. Open [http://localhost:9080/ratings/7](http://localhost:9080/ratings/7) in
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your browser or access `ratings` using the `curl` command:
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1. 在浏览器中打开 [http://localhost:9080/ratings/7](http://localhost:9080/ratings/7) 或者使用 `curl` 命令来访问 `ratings`：
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ curl localhost:9080/ratings/7
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{"id":7,"ratings":{"Reviewer1":5,"Reviewer2":4}}
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{{< /text >}}
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1. Use the `POST` method of the `curl` command to set the ratings for the
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product to `1`:
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1. 使用 curl 命令的 POST 方法将产品的评级设置为 1 ：
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ curl -X POST localhost:9080/ratings/7 -d '{"Reviewer1":1,"Reviewer2":1}'
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{"id":7,"ratings":{"Reviewer1":1,"Reviewer2":1}}
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{{< /text >}}
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1. Check the updated ratings:
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1. 检查更新的评级：
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ curl localhost:9080/ratings/7
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{"id":7,"ratings":{"Reviewer1":1,"Reviewer2":1}}
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{{< /text >}}
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1. Use `Ctrl-C` in the terminal running the service to stop it.
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1. 在服务运行的终端使用 Ctrl-C 停止它。
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Congratulations, you can now build, test, and run a service on your local computer!
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恭喜, 您现在可以在本地计算机上构建、测试和运行服务了！
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You are ready to learn how to package the service into a container.
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您已经做好了学习如何打包服务到容器的准备了。
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