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---
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title: 使用 Kubernetes 运行 Bookinfo
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overview: 在 Kubernetes 中部署使用 ratings 微服务的 Bookinfo 应用。
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weight: 30
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---
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{{< boilerplate work-in-progress >}}
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该模块显示了一个应用程序,它由四种以不同编程语言编写的微服务组成:`productpage`、`details`、`ratings` 和 `reviews`。我们将组成的应用程序称为 `Bookinfo`,您可以在 [Bookinfo 示例](/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo)页面中了解更多信息。
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可以将示例中使用的应用程序版本视为最终版本,因为 `reviews` 微服务具有三个版本:`v1`、`v2`、`v3`。
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在此模块中,应用程序仅使用 `reviews` 微服务的 `v1` 版本。接下来的模块通过多个版本的 `reviews` 微服务增强了应用程序。
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## 部署应用程序及测试 pod{#deploy-the-application-and-a-testing-pod}
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1. 设置环境变量 `NAMESPACE` 的值为 `tutorial`:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ export NAMESPACE=tutorial
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 设置环境变量 `KUBECONFIG` 的值为之前的模块中创建的文件的路径:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ export KUBECONFIG=./${NAMESPACE}-user-config.yaml
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 设置环境变量 `MYHOST` 的值为应用程序的 URL:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ export MYHOST=$(kubectl config view -o jsonpath={.contexts..namespace}).bookinfo.com
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 浏览 [`bookinfo.yaml`]({{< github_blob >}}/samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo.yaml)。
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这是该应用的 Kubernetes 部署规范。注意 services 和 deployments。
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1. 部署应用到 Kubernetes 集群的 `tutorial` 命名空间:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ kubectl apply -l version!=v2,version!=v3 -f {{< github_file >}}/samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo.yaml
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service "details" created
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deployment "details-v1" created
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service "ratings" created
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deployment "ratings-v1" created
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service "reviews" created
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deployment "reviews-v1" created
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service "productpage" created
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deployment "productpage-v1" created
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 检查 pods 的状态:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ kubectl get pods
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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details-v1-6d86fd9949-q8rrf 1/1 Running 0 10s
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productpage-v1-c9965499-tjdjx 1/1 Running 0 8s
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ratings-v1-7bf577cb77-pq9kg 1/1 Running 0 9s
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reviews-v1-77c65dc5c6-kjvxs 1/1 Running 0 9s
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 四个服务达到 `Running` 状态后,就可以扩展 deployment。要使每个微服务的每个版本在三个 pods 中运行,请执行以下命令:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ kubectl scale deployments --all --replicas 3
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deployment "details-v1" scaled
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deployment "productpage-v1" scaled
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deployment "ratings-v1" scaled
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deployment "reviews-v1" scaled
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deployment "reviews-v2" scaled
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deployment "reviews-v3" scaled
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 检查 pods 的状态。可以看到每个微服务都有三个 pods:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ kubectl get pods
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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details-v1-6d86fd9949-fr59p 1/1 Running 0 50s
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details-v1-6d86fd9949-mksv7 1/1 Running 0 50s
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details-v1-6d86fd9949-q8rrf 1/1 Running 0 1m
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productpage-v1-c9965499-hwhcn 1/1 Running 0 50s
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productpage-v1-c9965499-nccwq 1/1 Running 0 50s
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productpage-v1-c9965499-tjdjx 1/1 Running 0 1m
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ratings-v1-7bf577cb77-cbdsg 1/1 Running 0 50s
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ratings-v1-7bf577cb77-cz6jm 1/1 Running 0 50s
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ratings-v1-7bf577cb77-pq9kg 1/1 Running 0 1m
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reviews-v1-77c65dc5c6-5wt8g 1/1 Running 0 49s
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reviews-v1-77c65dc5c6-kjvxs 1/1 Running 0 1m
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reviews-v1-77c65dc5c6-r55tl 1/1 Running 0 49s
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 部署测试 pod,[sleep]({{< github_tree >}}/samples/sleep),用来向您的微服务发送请求:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ kubectl apply -f {{< github_file >}}/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 从测试 pod 中用 curl 命令发送请求给 Bookinfo 应用,以确认该应用运行正常:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ kubectl exec -it $(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -c sleep -- curl productpage:9080/productpage | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"
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<title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
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{{< /text >}}
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## 启用对应用的外部访问{#enable-external-access-to-the-application}
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应用程序运行后,使集群外部的客户端可以访问它。这样的客户端称为 mesh-external 客户端。成功配置以下步骤后,即可从笔记本电脑的浏览器访问该应用程序。
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{{< warning >}}
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如果您的集群运行于 GKE,请在创建 Kubernetes ingress 之前将 `productpage` service 的类型修改为 `LoadBalancer`,如以下示例所示:
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{{< text yaml >}}
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selector:
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app: productpage
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sessionAffinity: None
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type: LoadBalancer
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{{< /text >}}
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{{< /warning >}}
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### 配置 Kubernetes Ingress 资源并访问应用页面{#configure-the-Kubernetes-Ingress-resource-and-access-your-application-webpage}
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1. 创建 Kubernetes Ingress 资源:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
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apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
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kind: Ingress
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metadata:
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name: bookinfo
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spec:
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rules:
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- host: $MYHOST
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http:
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paths:
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- path: /productpage
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backend:
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serviceName: productpage
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servicePort: 9080
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- path: /login
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backend:
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serviceName: productpage
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servicePort: 9080
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- path: /logout
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backend:
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serviceName: productpage
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servicePort: 9080
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EOF
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{{< /text >}}
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### 更新 `/etc/hosts` 配置文件{#update-your-etc-hosts-configuration-file}
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1. 将以下命令的输出内容追加到 `/etc/hosts` 文件。您应当具有[超级用户](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superuser)权限,并且可能需要使用 [`sudo`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudo) 来运行命令。
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ echo $(kubectl get ingress istio-system -n istio-system -o jsonpath='{..ip} {..host}') $(kubectl get ingress bookinfo -o jsonpath='{..host}')
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{{< /text >}}
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### 访问应用{#access-your-application}
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1. 用以下命令访问应用主页:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ curl -s $MYHOST/productpage | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"
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<title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 将以下命令的输出内容粘贴到浏览器的地址栏:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ echo http://$MYHOST/productpage
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{{< /text >}}
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可以看到以下页面:
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{{< image width="80%"
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link="bookinfo.png"
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caption="Bookinfo Web Application"
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>}}
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1. 观察微服务是如何互相调用的。例如,`reviews` 使用 URL `http://ratings:9080/ratings` 调用 `ratings` 微服务。
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查看 [`reviews` 的代码]({{< github_blob >}}/samples/bookinfo/src/reviews/reviews-application/src/main/java/application/rest/LibertyRestEndpoint.java):
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{{< text java >}}
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private final static String ratings_service = "http://ratings:9080/ratings";
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{{< /text >}}
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1. 在一个单独的终端窗口中设置无限循环,将流量发送到您的应用程序,以模拟现实世界中恒定的用户流量:
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{{< text bash >}}
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$ while :; do curl -s $MYHOST/productpage | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; sleep 1; done
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<title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
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<title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
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<title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
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<title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
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...
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{{< /text >}}
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您已经准备好[测试应用](/docs/examples/microservices-istio/production-testing)了。
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