istio.io/archive/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/auth-sds/index.html

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<!doctype html><html lang=en itemscope itemtype=https://schema.org/WebPage><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=x-ua-compatible content="IE=edge"><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,shrink-to-fit=no"><meta name=theme-color content=#466BB0><meta name=title content="Provisioning Identity through SDS"><meta name=description content="Shows how to enable SDS (secret discovery service) for Istio identity provisioning."><meta name=keywords content=microservices,services,mesh,security,auth-sds><meta property=og:title content="Provisioning Identity through SDS"><meta property=og:type content=website><meta property=og:description content="Shows how to enable SDS (secret discovery service) for Istio identity provisioning."><meta property=og:url content=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/auth-sds/><meta property=og:image content=/v1.1/img/istio-whitelogo-bluebackground-framed.svg><meta property=og:image:alt content="Istio Logo"><meta property=og:image:width content=112><meta property=og:image:height content=150><meta property=og:site_name content=Istio><meta name=twitter:card content=summary><meta name=twitter:site content=@IstioMesh><title>Istioldie 1.1 / Provisioning Identity through SDS</title><script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-98480406-2"></script><script>window.dataLayer=window.dataLayer||[];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
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<button id=search-close title="Cancel search" type=reset aria-label="Cancel search"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#cancel-x"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><main class=primary><div id=sidebar-container class="sidebar-container sidebar-offcanvas"><nav id=sidebar aria-label="Section Navigation"><div class=directory><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card19 title="Learn about the different parts of the Istio system and the abstractions it uses." aria-controls=card19-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#concepts"/></svg>Concepts</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card19 role=region id=card19-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section aria-labelledby=card19><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Introduces Istio, the problems it solves, its high-level architecture and design goals." href=/v1.1/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/>What is Istio?</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the various Istio features focused on traffic routing and control." href=/v1.1/docs/concepts/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's authorization and authentication functionality." href=/v1.1/docs/concepts/security/>Security</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the policy enforcement and telemetry mechanisms." href=/v1.1/docs/concepts/policies-and-telemetry/>Policies and Telemetry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Introduces performance and scalability for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/concepts/performance-and-scalability/>Performance and Scalability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how a service mesh can be configured to include services from more than one cluster." href=/v1.1/docs/concepts/multicluster-deployments/>Multicluster Deployments</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card39 title="How to deploy and upgrade Istio in various environments such as Kubernetes and Consul." aria-controls=card39-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#setup"/></svg>Setup</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card39 role=region id=card39-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card39><li role=treeitem aria-label=Kubernetes><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes and adding virtual machines into the mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/>Kubernetes</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label=Prepare><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Getting ready for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/>Prepare</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Prepare your Kubernetes pods and services to run in an Istio-enabled cluster." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/requirements/>Pods and Services</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Platform Setup"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="How to prepare various Kubernetes platforms before installing Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/>Platform Setup</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes cluster for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/alicloud/>Alibaba Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Azure cluster for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/azure/>Azure</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Docker For Desktop for use with Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/docker/>Docker For Desktop</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an IBM Cloud cluster for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/ibm/>IBM Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Minikube for use with Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/minikube/>Minikube</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OpenShift cluster for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/openshift/>OpenShift</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OKE cluster for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/prepare/platform-setup/oci/>Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Download the Istio release and prepare for installation." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/download/>Download</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Install><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Choose the flows that best suit your needs and platform." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/>Install</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install and configure an Istio mesh in a Kubernetes cluster for evaluation." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/kubernetes/>Quick Start Evaluation Install</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio using a Helm chart." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/>Customizable Install with Helm</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Multicluster Installation"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Configure an Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/>Multicluster Installation</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters using Istio Gateway to reach remote pods." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/gateways/>Gateway Connectivity</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with direct network access to remote pods." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/vpn/>VPN Connectivity</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Platform-specific Instructions"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Additional installation flows for the supported Kubernetes platforms." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/platform/>Platform-specific Instructions</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio using the Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes Container Service." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/platform/alicloud/>Alibaba Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio using the Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/platform/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio using IBM Cloud Public or IBM Cloud Private." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/platform/ibm/>IBM Cloud</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Upgrade><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Information on upgrading Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/upgrade/>Upgrade</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Important changes operators must understand before upgrading to Istio 1.1." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/upgrade/notice/>1.1 Upgrade Notice</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Upgrade the Istio control plane and data plane independently." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/upgrade/steps/>Upgrade Steps</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="More Guides"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="More information on additional setup tasks." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/>More Guides</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the built-in Istio installation configuration profiles." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/config-profiles/>Installation Configuration Profiles</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/sidecar-injection/>Installing the Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and use Istio with the Istio CNI plugin, allowing operators to deploy services with lower privilege." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/cni/>Install Istio with the Istio CNI plugin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Integrate VMs and bare metal hosts into an Istio mesh deployed on Kubernetes." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/mesh-expansion/>Mesh Expansion</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Nomad &amp; Consul"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul based environment, with or without Nomad." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/consul/>Nomad &amp; Consul</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh with Docker Compose." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/consul/quick-start/>Quick Start on Docker</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul-based environment, with or without Nomad." href=/v1.1/docs/setup/consul/install/>Installation</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card57 title="How to do single specific targeted activities with the Istio system." aria-controls=card57-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#tasks"/></svg>Tasks</button><div class="body default" aria-labelledby=card57 role=region id=card57-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card57><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tasks that demonstrate Istio's traffic routing features." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing to multiple versions of a microservice." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing/>Configuring Request Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to inject faults to test the resiliency of your application." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection/>Fault Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting/>Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate TCP traffic from an old to new version of a TCP service." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/tcp-traffic-shifting/>TCP Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts/>Setting Request Timeouts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/>Control Ingress Traffic</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Securing Ingress Gateway"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Secure ingress gateway controllers using various approaches." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/secure-ingress/>Securing Ingress Gateway</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Expose a service outside of the service mesh over TLS or mTLS." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/secure-ingress/mount/>Securing Gateways with HTTPS With a File Mount-Based Approach</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to expose a service outside of the service mesh, over TLS or Mutual TLS, using secret discovery service." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/secure-ingress/sds/>Securing Gateways with HTTPS Using Secret Discovery Service</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/>Control Egress Traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure circuit breaking for connections, requests, and outlier detection." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking/>Circuit Breaking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task demonstrates the traffic mirroring/shadowing capabilities of Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring/>Mirroring</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to secure the mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/authn-policy/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up role-based access control for HTTP services." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/authz-http/>Authorization for HTTP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up role-based access control for TCP services." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/authz-tcp/>Authorization for TCP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Tutorial on how to configure the groups-base authorization and configure the authorization of list-typed claims in Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/rbac-groups/>Authorization for groups and list claims</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to use Authorization permissive mode." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/authz-permissive/>Authorization permissive mode</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to integrate a Vault Certificate Authority with Istio for mutual TLS." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/vault-ca/>Istio Vault CA Integration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to verify and test Istio's automatic mutual TLS authentication." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/mutual-tls/>Mutual TLS Deep-Dive</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how operators can configure Citadel with existing root certificate, signing certificate and key." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/plugin-ca-cert/>Plugging in External CA Key and Certificate</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to enable Citadel health checking with Kubernetes." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/health-check/>Citadel Health Checking</a></li><li role=none><span role=treeitem class=current title="Shows how to enable SDS (secret discovery service) for Istio identity provisioning.">Provisioning Identity through SDS</span></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to incrementally migrate your Istio services to mutual TLS." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/mtls-migration/>Mutual TLS Migration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to enable mutual TLS on HTTPS services." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/https-overlay/>Mutual TLS over HTTPS</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Policies><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates policy enforcement features." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/>Policies</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to enable Istio policy enforcement." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/enabling-policy/>Enabling Policy Enforcement</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to use Istio to dynamically limit the traffic to a service." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/rate-limiting/>Enabling Rate Limits</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to modify request headers and routing using policy adapters." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/control-headers/>Control Headers and Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to control access to a service using simple denials or white/black listing." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/denial-and-list/>Denials and White/Black Listing</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Telemetry><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to collect telemetry information from the mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/>Telemetry</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label=Metrics><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the configuration, collection, and processing of Istio mesh metrics." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/>Metrics</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect and customize metrics." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/collecting-metrics/>Collecting Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/tcp-metrics/>Collecting Metrics for TCP services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/querying-metrics/>Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/using-istio-dashboard/>Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Logs><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the configuration, collection, and processing of Istio mesh logs." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/>Logs</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect and customize logs." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/collecting-logs/>Collecting Logs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Envoy proxies to print access log to their standard output." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/access-log/>Getting Envoy&#39;s Access Logs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to log to a Fluentd daemon." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/fluentd/>Logging with Fluentd</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Distributed Tracing"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio-enabled applications to collect trace spans." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/>Distributed Tracing</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Overview of distributed tracing in Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/overview/>Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Jaeger." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/jaeger/>Jaeger</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to LightStep." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/lightstep/>LightStep</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to visualize your services within an Istio mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/kiali/>Visualizing Your Mesh</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure external access to the set of Istio telemetry addons." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/telemetry/gateways/>Remotely Accessing Telemetry Addons</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card72 title="A variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with." aria-controls=card72-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#examples"/></svg>Examples</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card72 role=region id=card72-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card72><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices used to demonstrate various Istio features." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo Application</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Explains how to manually integrate Google Cloud Endpoints services with Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/endpoints/>Install Istio for Google Cloud Endpoints Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Illustrates how to use Istio to control a Kubernetes cluster and raw VMs as a single mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/integrating-vms/>Integrating Virtual Machines</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Edge Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="A variety of advanced examples for managing traffic at the edge (i.e., ingress and egress traffic) of an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/>Edge Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI passthrough for an ingress gateway." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/ingress-sni-passthrough/>Ingress Gateway without TLS Termination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to perform TLS origination for traffic to external services." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/egress-tls-origination/>TLS Origination for Egress Traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to direct traffic to external services through a dedicated gateway." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/egress-gateway/>Configure an Egress Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Egress Gateway to perform TLS origination to external services." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/egress-gateway-tls-origination/>Egress Gateway with TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to enable egress traffic for a set of hosts in a common domain, instead of configuring each and every host separately." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/wildcard-egress-hosts/>Configure Egress Traffic using Wildcard Hosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI monitoring and apply policies on TLS egress traffic." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/egress_sni_monitoring_and_policies/>SNI Monitoring and Policies for TLS Egress Traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to let applications use an external HTTPS proxy." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/http-proxy/>Connect to an External HTTPS Proxy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Demonstrates how to obtain Let's Encrypt TLS certificates for Kubernetes Ingress automatically using Cert-Manager." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/advanced-gateways/ingress-certmgr/>Securing Kubernetes Ingress with Cert-Manager</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Multicluster Service Mesh"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="A variety of fully working multicluster examples for Istio that you can experiment with." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/multicluster/>Multicluster Service Mesh</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuring remote services in a gateway-connected multicluster mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/multicluster/gateways/>Gateway-Connected Clusters</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Set up a multicluster mesh over two GKE clusters." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/multicluster/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Example multicluster mesh over two IBM Cloud Private clusters." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/multicluster/icp/>IBM Cloud Private</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Multicluster mesh between IBM Cloud Kubernetes Service and IBM Cloud Private." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/multicluster/iks-icp/>IBM Cloud Kubernetes Service &amp; IBM Cloud Private</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Leveraging Istio's Split-horizon EDS to create a multicluster mesh." href=/v1.1/docs/examples/multicluster/split-horizon-eds/>Cluster-Aware Service Routing</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card106 title="Detailed authoritative reference material such as command-line options, configuration options, and API calling parameters." aria-controls=card106-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#reference"/></svg>Reference</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card106 role=region id=card106-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card106><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Detailed information on configuration options." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure HTTP/TCP routing features." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/networking/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting load balancing, outlier detection, etc." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/destination-rule/>Destination Rule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting insertion of custom Envoy filters." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/envoy-filter/>Envoy Filter</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting edge load balancer." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/gateway/>Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting service registry." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/service-entry/>Service Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting network reachability of a sidecar." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/sidecar/>Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting label/content routing, sni routing, etc." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/virtual-service/>Virtual Service</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authorization><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's authorization features." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/authorization/>Authorization</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the supported constraints and properties." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/authorization/constraints-and-properties/>Constraints and Properties</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Role Based Access Control." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/authorization/istio.rbac.v1alpha1/>RBAC</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the options available when installing Istio using the included Helm chart." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/installation-options/>Installation Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Details the Helm chart installation options differences between release-1.0 and release-1.1." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/installation-options-changes/>Installation Options Changes</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Policies and Telemetry"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's policy and telemetry features." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/>Policies and Telemetry</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the base attribute vocabulary used for policy and control." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/attribute-vocabulary/>Attribute Vocabulary</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Mixer configuration expression language reference." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/expression-language/>Expression Language</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Adapters><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Mixer adapters allow Istio to interface to a variety of infrastructure backends for such things as metrics and logs." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/>Adapters</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to Apache SkyWalking." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/apache-skywalking/>Apache SkyWalking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for Apigee's distributed policy checks and analytics." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/apigee/>Apigee</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for circonus.com's monitoring solution." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/circonus/>Circonus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for cloudmonitor metrics." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudmonitor/>CloudMonitor</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for cloudwatch metrics." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudwatch/>CloudWatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a dogstatsd agent for delivery to DataDog." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/datadog/>Datadog</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that always returns a precondition denial." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/denier/>Denier</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that delivers logs to a Fluentd daemon." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/fluentd/>Fluentd</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that extracts information from a Kubernetes environment." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/kubernetesenv/>Kubernetes Env</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that performs whitelist or blacklist checks." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/list/>List</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for a simple in-memory quota management system." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/memquota/>Memory quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that implements an Open Policy Agent engine." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/opa/>OPA</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that exposes Istio metrics for ingestion by a Prometheus harvester." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/prometheus/>Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for a Redis-based quota management system." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/redisquota/>Redis Quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that sends metrics to SignalFx." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/signalfx/>SignalFx</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Papertrail and AppOptics backends." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/solarwinds/>SolarWinds</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver logs, metrics, and traces to Stackdriver." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stackdriver/>Stackdriver</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a StatsD backend." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/statsd/>StatsD</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to locally output logs and metrics." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stdio/>Stdio</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to Wavefront by VMware." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/wavefront/>Wavefront by VMware</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver tracing data to Zipkin." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Default Metrics exported from Istio through Mixer." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/metrics/>Default Metrics</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Templates><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Mixer templates are used to send data to individual adapters." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/>Templates</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single API key." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/apikey/>API Key</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Analytics template is used to dispatch runtime telemetry to Apigee." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/analytics/>Analytics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template used to represent an access control query." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/authorization/>Authorization</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/checknothing/>Check Nothing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template designed to report observed communication edges between workloads." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/edge/>Edge</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that is used to control the production of Kubernetes-specific attributes." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/kubernetes/>Kubernetes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template designed to let you perform list checking operations." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/listentry/>List Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single runtime log entry." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/logentry/>Log Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single runtime metric." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/metric/>Metric</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a quota allocation request." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/quota/>Quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/reportnothing/>Report Nothing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents an individual span within a distributed trace." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/tracespan/>Trace Span</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration state for the Mixer client library." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.mixer.v1.config.client/>Mixer Client</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the rules used to configure Mixer's policy and telemetry features." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.policy.v1beta1/>Rules</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Authentication policy for Istio services." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/istio.authentication.v1alpha1/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting the service mesh as a whole." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/config/istio.mesh.v1alpha1/>Service Mesh</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Commands><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes usage and options of the Istio commands and utilities." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/>Commands</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Galley provides configuration management services for Istio." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/galley/>galley</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Certificate Authority (CA)." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/istio_ca/>istio_ca</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio control interface." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/istioctl/>istioctl</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Utility to trigger direct calls to Mixer's API." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/mixc/>mixc</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Mixer is Istio's abstraction on top of infrastructure backends." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/mixs/>mixs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio security per-node agent." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/node_agent/>node_agent</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot agent." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent/>pilot-agent</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery/>pilot-discovery</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Kubernetes webhook for automatic Istio sidecar injection." href=/v1.1/docs/reference/commands/sidecar-injector/>sidecar-injector</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></nav></div><div class=article-container><button tabindex=-1 id=sidebar-toggler title="Toggle the navigation bar"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#pull"/></svg></button><nav aria-label=Breadcrumb><ol><li><a href=/v1.1/ title="Connect, secure, control, and observe services.">Istio</a></li><li><a href=/v1.1/docs/ title="Learn how to deploy, use, and operate Istio.">Docs</a></li><li><a href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/ title="How to do single specific targeted activities with the Istio system.">Tasks</a></li><li><a href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/ title="Demonstrates how to secure the mesh.">Security</a></li><li>Provisioning Identity through SDS</li></ol></nav><article aria-labelledby=title><div class=title-area><div><h1 id=title>Provisioning Identity through SDS</h1><p class=byline><span title="1410 words"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#clock"/></svg><span>&nbsp;</span>7 minute read</span></p></div></div><nav class=toc-inlined aria-label="Table of Contents"><div><hr><ol><li role=none aria-label="Before you begin"><a href=#before-you-begin>Before you begin</a><li role=none aria-label="Service-to-service mutual TLS using key/certificate provisioned through SDS"><a href=#service-to-service-mutual-tls-using-key-certificate-provisioned-through-sds>Service-to-service mutual TLS using key/certificate provisioned through SDS</a><li role=none aria-label="Verifying no secret-volume mounted file is generated"><a href=#verifying-no-secret-volume-mounted-file-is-generated>Verifying no secret-volume mounted file is generated</a><li role=none aria-label="Increasing security with pod security policies"><a href=#increasing-security-with-pod-security-policies>Increasing security with pod security policies</a><li role=none aria-label=Cleanup><a href=#cleanup>Cleanup</a><li role=none aria-label=Caveats><a href=#caveats>Caveats</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol><hr></div></nav><p>This task shows how to enable
<a href=https://www.envoyproxy.io/docs/envoy/latest/configuration/secret#config-secret-discovery-service>SDS (secret discovery service)</a>
for Istio identity provisioning.</p><p>Prior to Istio 1.1, the keys and certificates of Istio workloads were generated
by Citadel and distributed to sidecars through secret-volume mounted files,
this approach has the following minor drawbacks:</p><ul><li><p>Performance regression during certificate rotation:
When certificate rotation happens, Envoy is hot restarted to pick up the new
key and certificate, causing performance regression.</p></li><li><p>Potential security vulnerability:
The workload private keys are distributed through Kubernetes secrets,
with known
<a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/#risks>risks</a>.</p></li></ul><p>These issues are addressed in Istio 1.1 through the SDS identity provision flow.
The workflow can be described as follows.</p><ol><li><p>The workload sidecar Envoy requests the key and certificates from the Citadel
agent: The Citadel agent is a SDS server, which runs as per-node <code>DaemonSet</code>.
In the request, Envoy passes a Kubernetes service account JWT to the agent.</p></li><li><p>The Citadel agent generates a key pair and sends the CSR request to Citadel:
Citadel verifies the JWT and issues the certificate to the Citadel agent.</p></li><li><p>The Citadel agent sends the key and certificate back to the workload sidecar.</p></li></ol><p>This approach has the following benefits:</p><ul><li><p>The private key never leaves the node: It is only in the Citadel agent
and Envoy sidecar&rsquo;s memory.</p></li><li><p>The secret volume mount is no longer needed: The reliance on the Kubernetes
secrets is eliminated.</p></li><li><p>The sidecar Envoy is able to dynamically renew the key and certificate
through the SDS API: Certificate rotations no longer require Envoy to restart.</p></li></ul><h2 id=before-you-begin>Before you begin</h2><ul><li><p>Set up Istio by following the instructions using
<a href=/v1.1/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/>Helm</a> with SDS setup and global mutual
TLS enabled:</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.1/install/kubernetes/helm/istio/values-istio-sds-auth.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ cat install/kubernetes/namespace.yaml &gt; istio-auth-sds.yaml
$ cat install/kubernetes/helm/istio-init/files/crd-* &gt;&gt; istio-auth-sds.yaml
$ helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system --values @install/kubernetes/helm/istio/values-istio-sds-auth.yaml@ &gt;&gt; istio-auth-sds.yaml
$ kubectl create -f istio-auth-sds.yaml
</code></pre></div></li></ul><h2 id=service-to-service-mutual-tls-using-key-certificate-provisioned-through-sds>Service-to-service mutual TLS using key/certificate provisioned through SDS</h2><p>Follow the <a href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/authn-policy/>authentication policy task</a> to
setup test services.</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.1/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.1/samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.1/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.1/samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl create ns foo
$ kubectl apply -f &lt;(istioctl kube-inject -f @samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml@) -n foo
$ kubectl apply -f &lt;(istioctl kube-inject -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@) -n foo
$ kubectl create ns bar
$ kubectl apply -f &lt;(istioctl kube-inject -f @samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml@) -n bar
$ kubectl apply -f &lt;(istioctl kube-inject -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@) -n bar
</code></pre></div><p>Verify all mutual TLS requests succeed:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ for from in &#34;foo&#34; &#34;bar&#34;; do for to in &#34;foo&#34; &#34;bar&#34;; do kubectl exec $(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n ${from} -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name}) -c sleep -n ${from} -- curl &#34;http://httpbin.${to}:8000/ip&#34; -s -o /dev/null -w &#34;sleep.${from} to httpbin.${to}: %{http_code}\n&#34;; done; done
sleep.foo to httpbin.foo: 200
sleep.foo to httpbin.bar: 200
sleep.bar to httpbin.foo: 200
sleep.bar to httpbin.bar: 200
</code></pre><h2 id=verifying-no-secret-volume-mounted-file-is-generated>Verifying no secret-volume mounted file is generated</h2><p>To verify that no secret-volume mounted file is generated, access the deployed
workload sidecar container:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl exec -it $(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n foo -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name}) -c istio-proxy -n foo -- /bin/bash
</code></pre><p>As you can see there is no secret file mounted at <code>/etc/certs</code> folder.</p><h2 id=increasing-security-with-pod-security-policies>Increasing security with pod security policies</h2><p>The Istio Secret Discovery Service (SDS) uses the Citadel agent to distribute the certificate to the
Envoy sidecar via a Unix domain socket. All pods running in the same Kubernetes node share the Citadel
agent and Unix domain socket.</p><p>To prevent malicious modifications to the Unix domain socket, enable the <a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/policy/pod-security-policy/>pod security policy</a>
to restrict the pod&rsquo;s permission on the Unix domain socket. Otherwise, a malicious pod could hijack the
Unix domain socket to break the SDS service or steal the identity credentials from other pods running
on the same Kubernetes node.</p><p>To enable the pod security policy, perform the following steps:</p><ol><li><p>The Citadel agent fails to start unless it can create the required Unix domain socket. Apply the
following pod security policy to only allow the Citadel agent to modify the Unix domain socket:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ cat &lt;&lt;EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: istio-nodeagent
spec:
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: &#34;/var/run/sds&#34;
seLinux:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
volumes:
- &#39;*&#39;
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: istio-nodeagent
namespace: istio-system
rules:
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- podsecuritypolicies
resourceNames:
- istio-nodeagent
verbs:
- use
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: istio-nodeagent
namespace: istio-system
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: istio-nodeagent
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: istio-nodeagent-service-account
namespace: istio-system
EOF
</code></pre></li><li><p>To stop other pods from modifying the Unix domain socket, change the <code>allowedHostPaths</code> configuration
for the the path the Citadel agent uses for the Unix domain socket to <code>readOnly: true</code>.</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>The following pod security policy assumes no other pod security policy was applied before. If you
already applied another pod security policy, add the following configuration values to the existing
policies instead of applying the configuration directly.</div></aside></div><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ cat &lt;&lt;EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: istio-sds-uds
spec:
# Protect the unix domain socket from unauthorized modification
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: &#34;/var/run/sds&#34;
readOnly: true
# Allow the istio sidecar injector to work
allowedCapabilities:
- NET_ADMIN
seLinux:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
volumes:
- &#39;*&#39;
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: istio-sds-uds
rules:
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- podsecuritypolicies
resourceNames:
- istio-sds-uds
verbs:
- use
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: istio-sds-uds
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: istio-sds-uds
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Group
name: system:serviceaccounts
EOF
</code></pre></li><li><p>Enable pod security policies for your platform. Each supported platform enables pod security
policies differently. Please refer to the pertinent documentation for your platform. If you are
using the Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), you must <a href=https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/pod-security-policies#enabling_podsecuritypolicy_controller>enable the pod security policy controller</a>.</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>Grant all needed permissions in the pod security policy before enabling it. Once the policy is
enabled, pods won&rsquo;t start if they require any permissions not granted.</div></aside></div></li><li><p>Run the following command to restart the Citadel agents:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl delete pod -l &#39;app=nodeagent&#39; -n istio-system
pod &#34;istio-nodeagent-dplx2&#34; deleted
pod &#34;istio-nodeagent-jrbmx&#34; deleted
pod &#34;istio-nodeagent-rz878&#34; deleted
</code></pre></li><li><p>To verify that the Citadel agents work with the enabled pod security policy, wait a few seconds
and run the following command to confirm the agents started successfully:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl get pod -l &#39;app=nodeagent&#39; -n istio-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
istio-nodeagent-p4p7g 1/1 Running 0 4s
istio-nodeagent-qdwj6 1/1 Running 0 5s
istio-nodeagent-zsk2b 1/1 Running 0 14s
</code></pre></li><li><p>Run the following command to start a normal pod.</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ cat &lt;&lt;EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: normal
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: normal
spec:
containers:
- name: normal
image: pstauffer/curl
command: [&#34;/bin/sleep&#34;, &#34;3650d&#34;]
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
EOF
</code></pre></li><li><p>To verify that the normal pod works with the pod security policy enabled, wait a few seconds and
run the following command to confirm the normal pod started successfully.</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl get pod -l &#39;app=normal&#39;
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
normal-64c6956774-ptpfh 2/2 Running 0 8s
</code></pre></li><li><p>Start a malicious pod that tries to mount the Unix domain socket using a write permission.</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ cat &lt;&lt;EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: malicious
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: malicious
spec:
containers:
- name: malicious
image: pstauffer/curl
command: [&#34;/bin/sleep&#34;, &#34;3650d&#34;]
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
volumeMounts:
- name: sds-uds
mountPath: /var/run/sds
volumes:
- name: sds-uds
hostPath:
path: /var/run/sds
type: &#34;&#34;
EOF
</code></pre></li><li><p>To verify that the Unix domain socket is protected, run the following command to confirm the
malicious pod failed to start due to the pod security policy:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl describe rs -l &#39;app=malicious&#39; | grep Failed
Pods Status: 0 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed
ReplicaFailure True FailedCreate
Warning FailedCreate 4s (x13 over 24s) replicaset-controller Error creating: pods &#34;malicious-7dcfb8d648-&#34; is forbidden: unable to validate against any pod security policy: [spec.containers[0].volumeMounts[0].readOnly: Invalid value: false: must be read-only]
</code></pre></li></ol><h2 id=cleanup>Cleanup</h2><ol><li><p>Clean up the test services and the Istio control plane:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl delete ns foo
$ kubectl delete ns bar
$ kubectl delete -f istio-auth-sds.yaml
</code></pre></li><li><p>Disable the pod security policy in the cluster using the documentation of your platform. If you are using GKE,
<a href=https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/pod-security-policies#disabling_podsecuritypolicy_controller>disable the pod security policy controller</a>.</p></li><li><p>Delete the pod security policy and the test deployments:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl delete psp istio-sds-uds istio-nodeagent
$ kubectl delete role istio-nodeagent -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete rolebinding istio-nodeagent -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete clusterrole istio-sds-uds
$ kubectl delete clusterrolebinding istio-sds-uds
$ kubectl delete deploy malicious
$ kubectl delete deploy normal
</code></pre></li></ol><h2 id=caveats>Caveats</h2><p>Currently, the SDS identity provision flow has the following caveats:</p><ul><li><p>You still need secret volume mount for enabling the control plane security.
Enabling SDS for the control plane security remains a work in progress.</p></li><li><p>Smoothly migrating a cluster from using secret volume mount to using
SDS is a work in progress.</p></li></ul><nav id=see-also><h2>See also</h2><div class=see-also><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.1/blog/2019/root-transition/>Extending Istio Self-Signed Root Certificate Lifetime</a></p><p class=desc>Learn how to extend the lifetime of Istio self-signed root certificate.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.1/blog/2018/istio-authorization/>Micro-Segmentation with Istio Authorization</a></p><p class=desc>Describe Istio&#39;s authorization feature and how to use it in various use cases.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/authn-policy/>Authentication Policy</a></p><p class=desc>Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/authz-http/>Authorization for HTTP Services</a></p><p class=desc>Shows how to set up role-based access control for HTTP services.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/authz-tcp/>Authorization for TCP Services</a></p><p class=desc>Shows how to set up role-based access control for TCP services.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/rbac-groups/>Authorization for groups and list claims</a></p><p class=desc>Tutorial on how to configure the groups-base authorization and configure the authorization of list-typed claims in Istio.</p></div></div></nav></article><nav class=pagenav><div class=left><a title="Shows how to enable Citadel health checking with Kubernetes." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/health-check/><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#left-arrow"/></svg>Citadel Health Checking</a></div><div class=right><a title="Shows you how to incrementally migrate your Istio services to mutual TLS." href=/v1.1/docs/tasks/security/mtls-migration/>Mutual TLS Migration<svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav><div id=endnotes-container aria-hidden=true><h2>Links</h2><ol id=endnotes></ol></div></div><div class=toc-container><nav class=toc aria-label="Table of Contents"><div id=toc><ol><li role=none aria-label="Before you begin"><a href=#before-you-begin>Before you begin</a><li role=none aria-label="Service-to-service mutual TLS using key/certificate provisioned through SDS"><a href=#service-to-service-mutual-tls-using-key-certificate-provisioned-through-sds>Service-to-service mutual TLS using key/certificate provisioned through SDS</a><li role=none aria-label="Verifying no secret-volume mounted file is generated"><a href=#verifying-no-secret-volume-mounted-file-is-generated>Verifying no secret-volume mounted file is generated</a><li role=none aria-label="Increasing security with pod security policies"><a href=#increasing-security-with-pod-security-policies>Increasing security with pod security policies</a><li role=none aria-label=Cleanup><a href=#cleanup>Cleanup</a><li role=none aria-label=Caveats><a href=#caveats>Caveats</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol></div></nav></div></main><footer><div class=user-links><a class=channel title="Go download Istio 1.1.9 now" href=https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.1.9 aria-label="Download Istio"><span>download</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.1/img/icons.svg#download"/></svg>
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