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<button id=search-close title="Cancel search" type=reset aria-label="Cancel search"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#cancel-x"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><main class=primary><div id=sidebar-container class="sidebar-container sidebar-offcanvas"><nav id=sidebar aria-label="Section Navigation"><div class=directory><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card24 title="Learn about the different parts of the Istio system and the abstractions it uses." aria-controls=card24-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#concepts"/></svg>Concepts</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card24 role=region id=card24-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section aria-labelledby=card24><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Introduces Istio, the problems it solves, its high-level architecture and design goals." href=/v1.2/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/>What is Istio?</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the various Istio features focused on traffic routing and control." href=/v1.2/docs/concepts/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's authorization and authentication functionality." href=/v1.2/docs/concepts/security/>Policies and Security</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the telemetry and monitoring features provided by Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/concepts/observability/>Observability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Introduces performance and scalability for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/concepts/performance-and-scalability/>Performance and Scalability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how a service mesh can be configured to include services from more than one cluster." href=/v1.2/docs/concepts/multicluster-deployments/>Multicluster Deployments</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card46 title="How to deploy and upgrade Istio in various environments such as Kubernetes and Consul." aria-controls=card46-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#setup"/></svg>Setup</button><div class="body default" aria-labelledby=card46 role=region id=card46-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card46><li role=treeitem aria-label=Kubernetes><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes and adding virtual machines into the mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/>Kubernetes</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Download, install, and try out Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/getting-started/>Getting Started</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Platform Setup"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="How to prepare various Kubernetes platforms before installing Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/>Platform Setup</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes cluster for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/alicloud/>Alibaba Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Azure cluster for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/azure/>Azure</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Docker Desktop for use with Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/docker/>Docker Desktop</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an IBM Cloud cluster for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/ibm/>IBM Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Gardener cluster for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/gardener/>Kubernetes Gardener</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup minikube for use with Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/minikube/>Minikube</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OpenShift cluster for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/openshift/>OpenShift</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OKE cluster for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/platform-setup/oci/>Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Install><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Choose the guide that best suits your needs and platform." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/>Install</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio in a Kubernetes cluster for evaluation." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/kubernetes/>Quick Start Evaluation Install</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and configure Istio for in-depth evaluation or production use." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/>Customizable Install with Helm</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Multicluster Installation"><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Configure an Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/>Multicluster Installation</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section><li role=none><span role=treeitem class=current title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with individually deployed control planes.">Multiple control planes</span></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with a shared control plane and VPN connectivity between clusters." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/shared-vpn/>Shared control plane (single-network)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters using a shared control plane for diconnected cluster networks." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/shared-gateways/>Shared control plane (multi-network)</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Platform-specific Instructions"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Additional installation instructions for supported Kubernetes platforms." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/platform/>Platform-specific Instructions</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio using the Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes Container Service." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/platform/alicloud/>Alibaba Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio using the Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/platform/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio using IBM Cloud Public or IBM Cloud Private." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/platform/ibm/>IBM Cloud</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Upgrade><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Information on upgrading Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/upgrade/>Upgrade</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Important changes operators must understand before upgrading to Istio 1.2." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/upgrade/notice/>1.2 Upgrade Notice</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Upgrade the Istio control plane and data plane independently." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/upgrade/steps/>Upgrade Steps</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="More Guides"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="More information on additional setup tasks." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/>More Guides</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Prepare your Kubernetes pods and services to run in an Istio-enabled cluster." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/requirements/>Pods and Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the built-in Istio installation configuration profiles." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/config-profiles/>Installation Configuration Profiles</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/sidecar-injection/>Installing the Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and use Istio with the Istio CNI plugin, allowing operators to deploy services with lower privilege." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/cni/>Install Istio with the Istio CNI plugin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Integrate VMs and bare metal hosts into an Istio mesh deployed on Kubernetes." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/mesh-expansion/>Mesh Expansion</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Nomad & Consul"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul based environment, with or without Nomad." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/consul/>Nomad & Consul</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh with Docker Compose." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/consul/quick-start/>Quick Start on Docker</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul-based environment, with or without Nomad." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/consul/install/>Installation</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card69 title="How to do single specific targeted activities with the Istio system." aria-controls=card69-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#tasks"/></svg>Tasks</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card69 role=region id=card69-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card69><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tasks that demonstrate Istio's traffic routing features." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing to multiple versions of a microservice." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing/>Request Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to inject faults to test the resiliency of your application." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection/>Fault Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting/>Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate TCP traffic from an old to new version of a TCP service." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/tcp-traffic-shifting/>TCP Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts/>Request Timeouts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure circuit breaking for connections, requests, and outlier detection." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking/>Circuit Breaking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task demonstrates the traffic mirroring/shadowing capabilities of Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring/>Mirroring</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Ingress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling ingress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/>Ingress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Istio gateway to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-control/>Ingress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Expose a service outside of the service mesh over TLS or mTLS using file-mounted certificates." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/secure-ingress-mount/>Secure Gateways (File Mount)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Expose a service outside of the service mesh over TLS or mTLS using the secret discovery service (SDS)." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/secure-ingress-sds/>Secure Gateways (SDS)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI passthrough for an ingress gateway." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-sni-passthrough/>Ingress Gateway without TLS Termination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Demonstrates how to obtain Let's Encrypt TLS certificates for Kubernetes Ingress automatically using Cert-Manager." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-certmgr/>Kubernetes Ingress with Cert-Manager</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Egress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling egress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/>Egress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-control/>Accessing External Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to perform TLS origination for traffic to external services." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-tls-origination/>Egress TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to direct traffic to external services through a dedicated gateway." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/>Egress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Egress Gateway to perform TLS origination to external services." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway-tls-origination/>Egress Gateways with TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to enable egress traffic for a set of hosts in a common domain, instead of configuring each and every host separately." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/wildcard-egress-hosts/>Egress using Wildcard Hosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI monitoring and apply policies on TLS egress traffic." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress_sni_monitoring_and_policies/>Monitoring and Policies for TLS Egress</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to let applications use an external HTTPS proxy." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/http-proxy/>Using an External HTTPS Proxy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to secure the mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/authn-policy/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up role-based access control for HTTP services." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/authz-http/>Authorization for HTTP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up role-based access control for TCP services." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/authz-tcp/>Authorization for TCP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Tutorial on how to configure the groups-base authorization and configure the authorization of list-typed claims in Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/rbac-groups/>Authorization for groups and list claims</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to use Authorization permissive mode." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/authz-permissive/>Authorization permissive mode</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to integrate a Vault Certificate Authority with Istio for mutual TLS." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/vault-ca/>Istio Vault CA Integration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to verify and test Istio's automatic mutual TLS authentication." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/mutual-tls/>Mutual TLS Deep-Dive</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how operators can configure Citadel with existing root certificate, signing certificate and key." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/plugin-ca-cert/>Plugging in External CA Key and Certificate</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to enable Citadel health checking with Kubernetes." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/health-check/>Citadel Health Checking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to enable SDS (secret discovery service) for Istio identity provisioning." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/auth-sds/>Provisioning Identity through SDS</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to incrementally migrate your Istio services to mutual TLS." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/mtls-migration/>Mutual TLS Migration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to enable mutual TLS on HTTPS services." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/https-overlay/>Mutual TLS over HTTPS</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Policies><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates policy enforcement features." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/>Policies</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to enable Istio policy enforcement." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/enabling-policy/>Enabling Policy Enforcement</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to use Istio to dynamically limit the traffic to a service." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/rate-limiting/>Enabling Rate Limits</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to modify request headers and routing using policy adapters." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/control-headers/>Control Headers and Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to control access to a service using simple denials or white/black listing." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/denial-and-list/>Denials and White/Black Listing</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Telemetry><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to collect telemetry information from the mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/>Telemetry</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label=Metrics><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the configuration, collection, and processing of Istio mesh metrics." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/>Metrics</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect and customize metrics." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/collecting-metrics/>Collecting Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/tcp-metrics/>Collecting Metrics for TCP services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/querying-metrics/>Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/using-istio-dashboard/>Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Logs><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the configuration, collection, and processing of Istio mesh logs." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/>Logs</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect and customize logs." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/collecting-logs/>Collecting Logs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Envoy proxies to print access log to their standard output." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/access-log/>Getting Envoy's Access Logs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to log to a Fluentd daemon." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/fluentd/>Logging with Fluentd</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Distributed Tracing"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio-enabled applications to collect trace spans." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/>Distributed Tracing</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Overview of distributed tracing in Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/overview/>Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Jaeger." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/jaeger/>Jaeger</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to LightStep." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/lightstep/>LightStep</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to visualize your services within an Istio mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/kiali/>Visualizing Your Mesh</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure external access to the set of Istio telemetry addons." href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/telemetry/gateways/>Remotely Accessing Telemetry Addons</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card83 title="A variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with." aria-controls=card83-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#examples"/></svg>Examples</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card83 role=region id=card83-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card83><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices used to demonstrate various Istio features." href=/v1.2/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo Application</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Explains how to manually integrate Google Cloud Endpoints services with Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/examples/endpoints/>Install Istio for Google Cloud Endpoints Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Illustrates how to use Istio to control a Kubernetes cluster and raw VMs as a single mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/examples/integrating-vms/>Integrating Virtual Machines</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Multicluster Service Mesh"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Multicluster service mesh examples for Istio that you can experiment with." href=/v1.2/docs/examples/multicluster/>Multicluster Service Mesh</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Set up a multicluster mesh over two GKE clusters." href=/v1.2/docs/examples/multicluster/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Example multicluster mesh over two IBM Cloud Private clusters." href=/v1.2/docs/examples/multicluster/icp/>IBM Cloud Private</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card100 title="Hints, tips, tricks about running an Istio mesh." aria-controls=card100-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#guide"/></svg>Operations</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card100 role=region id=card100-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card100><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use component-level logging to get insights into a running component's behavior." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/component-logging/>Component Logging</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use ControlZ to get insight into individual running components." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/controlz/>Component Introspection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to do low-level debugging of Istio components." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/component-debugging/>Component Debugging</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the networking aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="An introduction to Istio networking operational aspects." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/traffic-management/introduction/>Introduction to Network Operations</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Provides specific deployment and configuration guidelines." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/traffic-management/deploy-guidelines/>Deployment and Configuration Guidelines</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes common networking issues and how to recognize and avoid them." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/traffic-management/troubleshooting/>Troubleshooting Networking Issues</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes tools and techniques to diagnose Envoy configuration issues related to traffic management." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/traffic-management/proxy-cmd/>Debugging Envoy and Pilot</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to enable and understand Locality Load Balancing." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/>Locality Load Balancing</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the security aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Demonstrates how to debug authorization." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/debugging-authorization/>Debugging Authorization</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="What to do if Citadel is not behaving properly." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/repairing-citadel/>Repairing Citadel</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="What to do if you suspect problems with Istio keys and certificates." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/keys-and-certs/>Keys and Certificates</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="What to do if mutual TLS authentication isn't working." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/mutual-tls/>Mutual TLS</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Authorization is enabled, but requests make it through anyway." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/authorization-permissive/>Authorization Too Permissive</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Authorization is enabled and no requests make it through to the service." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/authorization-restrictive/>Authorization Too Restrictive</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="What to do if end-user authentication doesn't work." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/end-user-auth/>End User Authentication</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to extend the lifetime of the Istio self-signed root certificate." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/security/root-transition/>Extending Self-Signed Certificate Lifetime</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Telemetry><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage telemetry collection and visualization in a running mesh." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/telemetry/>Telemetry</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Diagnose problems where metrics are not being collected." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/telemetry/missing-metrics/>Missing Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Dealing with Grafana issues." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/telemetry/grafana/>Grafana</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Fine-grained control of Envoy statistics." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/telemetry/envoy-stats/>Envoy Statistics</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Installation and Setup"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you diagnose and repair Istio installations." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/setup/>Installation and Setup</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Provides a general overview of Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks and the related issues that can arise." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/setup/webhook/>Dynamic Admission Webhooks Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for server-side configuration validation." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/setup/validation/>Configuration Validation Webhook</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio includes a supplemental tool that provides debugging and diagnosis for Istio service mesh deployments." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/setup/istioctl/>Using the istioctl command-line tool</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/setup/injection/>Sidecar Injection Webhook</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to check which capabilities are allowed for your pods." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/setup/required-pod-capabilities/>Required Pod Capabilities</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to do health checking for Istio services." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/setup/app-health-check/>Health Checking of Istio Services</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Advice on tackling common problems with Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/ops/misc/>Miscellaneous</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card130 title="Detailed authoritative reference material such as command-line options, configuration options, and API calling parameters." aria-controls=card130-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#reference"/></svg>Reference</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card130 role=region id=card130-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card130><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Detailed information on configuration options." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure HTTP/TCP routing features." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/networking/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting load balancing, outlier detection, etc." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/destination-rule/>Destination Rule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting insertion of custom Envoy filters." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/envoy-filter/>Envoy Filter</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting edge load balancer." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/gateway/>Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting service registry." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/service-entry/>Service Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting network reachability of a sidecar." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/sidecar/>Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting label/content routing, sni routing, etc." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/virtual-service/>Virtual Service</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authorization><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's authorization features." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/authorization/>Authorization</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the supported constraints and properties." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/authorization/constraints-and-properties/>Constraints and Properties</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Role Based Access Control." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/authorization/istio.rbac.v1alpha1/>RBAC</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the options available when installing Istio using the included Helm chart." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/installation-options/>Installation Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Details the Helm chart installation options differences between release-1.1 and release-1.2." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/installation-options-changes/>Installation Options Changes</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Policies and Telemetry"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's policy and telemetry features." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/>Policies and Telemetry</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the configuration model for Istio's policy enforcement and telemetry mechanisms." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/mixer-overview/>Mixer Configuration Model</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the base attribute vocabulary used for policy and control." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/attribute-vocabulary/>Attribute Vocabulary</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Mixer configuration expression language reference." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/expression-language/>Expression Language</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Adapters><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Mixer adapters allow Istio to interface to a variety of infrastructure backends for such things as metrics and logs." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/>Adapters</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to Apache SkyWalking." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/apache-skywalking/>Apache SkyWalking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for Apigee's distributed policy checks and analytics." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/apigee/>Apigee</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for circonus.com's monitoring solution." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/circonus/>Circonus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for cloudmonitor metrics." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudmonitor/>CloudMonitor</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for cloudwatch metrics." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudwatch/>CloudWatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a dogstatsd agent for delivery to DataDog." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/datadog/>Datadog</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that always returns a precondition denial." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/denier/>Denier</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that delivers logs to a Fluentd daemon." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/fluentd/>Fluentd</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that extracts information from a Kubernetes environment." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/kubernetesenv/>Kubernetes Env</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that performs whitelist or blacklist checks." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/list/>List</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for a simple in-memory quota management system." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/memquota/>Memory quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that implements an Open Policy Agent engine." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/opa/>OPA</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that exposes Istio metrics for ingestion by a Prometheus harvester." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/prometheus/>Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for a Redis-based quota management system." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/redisquota/>Redis Quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that sends metrics to SignalFx." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/signalfx/>SignalFx</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Papertrail and AppOptics backends." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/solarwinds/>SolarWinds</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver logs, metrics, and traces to Stackdriver." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stackdriver/>Stackdriver</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a StatsD backend." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/statsd/>StatsD</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to locally output logs and metrics." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stdio/>Stdio</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to Wavefront by VMware." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/wavefront/>Wavefront by VMware</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver tracing data to Zipkin." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Default Metrics exported from Istio through Mixer." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/metrics/>Default Metrics</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Templates><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Mixer templates are used to send data to individual adapters." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/>Templates</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single API key." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/apikey/>API Key</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Analytics template is used to dispatch runtime telemetry to Apigee." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/analytics/>Analytics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template used to represent an access control query." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/authorization/>Authorization</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/checknothing/>Check Nothing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template designed to report observed communication edges between workloads." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/edge/>Edge</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that is used to control the production of Kubernetes-specific attributes." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/kubernetes/>Kubernetes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template designed to let you perform list checking operations." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/listentry/>List Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single runtime log entry." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/logentry/>Log Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single runtime metric." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/metric/>Metric</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a quota allocation request." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/quota/>Quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/reportnothing/>Report Nothing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents an individual span within a distributed trace." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/tracespan/>Trace Span</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration state for the Mixer client library." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.mixer.v1.config.client/>Mixer Client</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the rules used to configure Mixer's policy and telemetry features." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.policy.v1beta1/>Rules</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Authentication policy for Istio services." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/istio.authentication.v1alpha1/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting the service mesh as a whole." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/config/istio.mesh.v1alpha1/>Service Mesh</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Commands><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes usage and options of the Istio commands and utilities." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/>Commands</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Galley provides configuration management services for Istio." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/galley/>galley</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Certificate Authority (CA)." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/istio_ca/>istio_ca</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio control interface." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/istioctl/>istioctl</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Mixer is Istio's abstraction on top of infrastructure backends." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/mixs/>mixs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio security per-node agent." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/node_agent/>node_agent</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Istio operator." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/operator/>operator</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot agent." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent/>pilot-agent</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery/>pilot-discovery</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Kubernetes webhook for automatic Istio sidecar injection." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/commands/sidecar-injector/>sidecar-injector</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A glossary of common Istio terms." href=/v1.2/docs/reference/glossary/>Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></div></nav></div><div class=article-container><button tabindex=-1 id=sidebar-toggler title="Toggle the navigation bar"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#pull"/></svg></button><nav aria-label=Breadcrumb><ol><li><a href=/v1.2/ title="Connect, secure, control, and observe services.">Istio</a></li><li><a href=/v1.2/docs/ title="Learn how to deploy, use, and operate Istio.">Docs</a></li><li><a href=/v1.2/docs/setup/ title="How to deploy and upgrade Istio in various environments such as Kubernetes and Consul.">Setup</a></li><li><a href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/ title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes and adding virtual machines into the mesh.">Kubernetes</a></li><li><a href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/ title="Choose the guide that best suits your needs and platform.">Install</a></li><li><a href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/ title="Configure an Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters.">Multicluster Installation</a></li><li>Multiple control planes</li></ol></nav><article aria-labelledby=title><div class=title-area><div><h1 id=title>Multiple control planes</h1><p class=byline><span title="2225 words"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#clock"/></svg><span> </span>11 minute read</span></p></div></div><nav class=toc-inlined aria-label="Table of Contents"><div><hr><ol><li role=none aria-label=Prerequisites><a href=#prerequisites>Prerequisites</a><li role=none aria-label="Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster"><a href=#deploy-istio>Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster</a><li role=none aria-label="Setup DNS"><a href=#setup-dns>Setup DNS</a><li role=none aria-label="Configure application services"><a href=#configure-application-services>Configure application services</a><ol><li role=none aria-label="Configure the example services"><a href=#configure-the-example-services>Configure the example services</a><li role=none aria-label="Send remote traffic via an egress gateway"><a href=#send-remote-traffic-via-an-egress-gateway>Send remote traffic via an egress gateway</a><li role=none aria-label="Cleanup the example"><a href=#cleanup-the-example>Cleanup the example</a></ol></li><li role=none aria-label="Version-aware routing to remote services"><a href=#version-aware-routing-to-remote-services>Version-aware routing to remote services</a><li role=none aria-label=Uninstalling><a href=#uninstalling>Uninstalling</a><li role=none aria-label=Summary><a href=#summary>Summary</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol><hr></div></nav><p>Follow this guide to install an Istio
|
|
<a href=/v1.2/docs/concepts/multicluster-deployments/#multicluster-service-mesh>multicluster service mesh</a>
|
|
with individually deployed Istio control planes in every cluster and using gateways to
|
|
connect services across clusters.</p><p>Instead of using a shared Istio control plane to manage the mesh,
|
|
in this configuration each cluster has its own Istio control plane
|
|
installation, each managing its own endpoints.
|
|
All of the clusters are under a shared administrative control for the purposes of
|
|
policy enforcement and security.</p><p>A single Istio service mesh across the clusters is achieved by replicating
|
|
shared services and namespaces and using a common root CA in all of the clusters.
|
|
Cross-cluster communication occurs over Istio gateways of the respective clusters.</p><figure style=width:80%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:58.98704550897841%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/gateways/./multicluster-with-gateways.svg title="Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters using Istio Gateway to reach remote pods"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/gateways/./multicluster-with-gateways.svg alt="Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters using Istio Gateway to reach remote pods"></a></div><figcaption>Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters using Istio Gateway to reach remote pods</figcaption></figure><h2 id=prerequisites>Prerequisites</h2><ul><li><p>Two or more Kubernetes clusters with versions: 1.12, 1.13, 1.14.</p></li><li><p>Authority to deploy the <a href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/>Istio control plane using Helm</a>
|
|
on <strong>each</strong> Kubernetes cluster.</p></li><li><p>The IP address of the <code>istio-ingressgateway</code> service in each cluster must
|
|
be accessible from every other cluster.</p></li><li><p>A <strong>Root CA</strong>. Cross cluster communication requires mutual TLS connection
|
|
between services. To enable mutual TLS communication across clusters, each
|
|
cluster’s Citadel will be configured with intermediate CA credentials
|
|
generated by a shared root CA. For illustration purposes, you use a
|
|
sample root CA certificate available in the Istio installation
|
|
under the <code>samples/certs</code> directory.</p></li></ul><h2 id=deploy-istio>Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster</h2><ol><li><p>Generate intermediate CA certificates for each cluster’s Citadel from your
|
|
organization’s root CA. The shared root CA enables mutual TLS communication
|
|
across different clusters.</p><p>For illustration purposes, the following instructions use the certificates
|
|
from the Istio samples directory for both clusters. In real world deployments,
|
|
you would likely use a different CA certificate for each cluster, all signed
|
|
by a common root CA.</p></li><li><p>Generate a multicluster-gateways Istio configuration file using <code>helm</code>:</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/install/kubernetes/helm/istio/example-values/values-istio-multicluster-gateways.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \
|
|
-f @install/kubernetes/helm/istio/example-values/values-istio-multicluster-gateways.yaml@ > $HOME/istio.yaml
|
|
</code></pre></div><p>For further details and customization options, refer to the
|
|
<a href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/>Installation with Helm</a> instructions.</p></li><li><p>Run the following commands in <strong>every cluster</strong> to deploy an identical Istio control plane
|
|
configuration in all of them.</p><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content><p>Make sure that the current user has cluster administrator (<code>cluster-admin</code>) permissions and grant them if not.
|
|
On the GKE platform, for example, the following command can be used:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-admin-binding --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user="$(gcloud config get-value core/account)"
|
|
</code></pre></div></aside></div><ul><li><p>Create a Kubernetes secret for your generated CA certificates using a command similar to the following. See <a href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/security/plugin-ca-cert/#plugging-in-the-existing-certificate-and-key>Certificate Authority (CA) certificates</a> for more details.</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>The root and intermediate certificate from the samples directory are widely
|
|
distributed and known. Do <strong>not</strong> use these certificates in production as
|
|
your clusters would then be open to security vulnerabilities and compromise.</div></aside></div><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/samples/certs/cert-chain.pem>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/samples/certs/root-cert.pem>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/samples/certs/ca-key.pem>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/samples/certs/ca-cert.pem>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl create namespace istio-system
|
|
$ kubectl create secret generic cacerts -n istio-system \
|
|
--from-file=@samples/certs/ca-cert.pem@ \
|
|
--from-file=@samples/certs/ca-key.pem@ \
|
|
--from-file=@samples/certs/root-cert.pem@ \
|
|
--from-file=@samples/certs/cert-chain.pem@
|
|
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Install all the Istio
|
|
<a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/extend-kubernetes/api-extension/custom-resources/#customresourcedefinitions>Custom Resource Definitions</a>
|
|
(CRDs) using <code>kubectl apply</code>, and wait a few seconds for the CRDs to be committed in the Kubernetes API-server:</p></li></ul><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio-init --name istio-init --namespace istio-system | kubectl apply -f -
|
|
</code></pre><ul><li><p>Verify that all <code>23</code> Istio CRDs were committed to the Kubernetes api-server using the following command:</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>If cert-manager is enabled, then the CRD count will be <code>28</code> instead.</div></aside></div><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl get crds | grep 'istio.io\|certmanager.k8s.io' | wc -l
|
|
23
|
|
</code></pre></li><li><p>Use the Istio installation yaml file generated in a previous step to install Istio:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl apply -f $HOME/istio.yaml
|
|
</code></pre></li></ul></li></ol><h2 id=setup-dns>Setup DNS</h2><p>Providing DNS resolution for services in remote clusters will allow
|
|
existing applications to function unmodified, as applications typically
|
|
expect to resolve services by their DNS names and access the resulting
|
|
IP. Istio itself does not use the DNS for routing requests between
|
|
services. Services local to a cluster share a common DNS suffix
|
|
(e.g., <code>svc.cluster.local</code>). Kubernetes DNS provides DNS resolution for these
|
|
services.</p><p>To provide a similar setup for services from remote clusters, you name
|
|
services from remote clusters in the format
|
|
<code><name>.<namespace>.global</code>. Istio also ships with a CoreDNS server that
|
|
will provide DNS resolution for these services. In order to utilize this
|
|
DNS, Kubernetes’ DNS must be configured to <code>stub a domain</code> for <code>.global</code>.</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>Some cloud providers have different specific <code>DNS domain stub</code> capabilities
|
|
and procedures for their Kubernetes services. Reference the cloud provider’s
|
|
documentation to determine how to <code>stub DNS domains</code> for each unique
|
|
environment. The objective of this bash is to stub a domain for <code>.global</code> on
|
|
port <code>53</code> to reference or proxy the <code>istiocoredns</code> service in Istio’s service
|
|
namespace.</div></aside></div><p>Create one of the following ConfigMaps, or update an existing one, in each
|
|
cluster that will be calling services in remote clusters
|
|
(every cluster in the general case):</p><p>For clusters that use <code>kube-dns</code>:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
|
apiVersion: v1
|
|
kind: ConfigMap
|
|
metadata:
|
|
name: kube-dns
|
|
namespace: kube-system
|
|
data:
|
|
stubDomains: |
|
|
{"global": ["$(kubectl get svc -n istio-system istiocoredns -o jsonpath={.spec.clusterIP})"]}
|
|
EOF
|
|
</code></pre><p>For clusters that use CoreDNS:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
|
apiVersion: v1
|
|
kind: ConfigMap
|
|
metadata:
|
|
name: coredns
|
|
namespace: kube-system
|
|
data:
|
|
Corefile: |
|
|
.:53 {
|
|
errors
|
|
health
|
|
kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
|
|
pods insecure
|
|
upstream
|
|
fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
|
|
}
|
|
prometheus :9153
|
|
proxy . /etc/resolv.conf
|
|
cache 30
|
|
loop
|
|
reload
|
|
loadbalance
|
|
}
|
|
global:53 {
|
|
errors
|
|
cache 30
|
|
proxy . $(kubectl get svc -n istio-system istiocoredns -o jsonpath={.spec.clusterIP})
|
|
}
|
|
EOF
|
|
</code></pre><h2 id=configure-application-services>Configure application services</h2><p>Every service in a given cluster that needs to be accessed from a different remote
|
|
cluster requires a <code>ServiceEntry</code> configuration in the remote cluster.
|
|
The host used in the service entry should be of the form <code><name>.<namespace>.global</code>
|
|
where name and namespace correspond to the service’s name and namespace respectively.</p><p>To demonstrate cross cluster access, configure the
|
|
<a href=https://github.com/istio/istio/tree/release-1.2/samples/sleep>sleep service</a>
|
|
running in one cluster to call the <a href=https://github.com/istio/istio/tree/release-1.2/samples/httpbin>httpbin service</a>
|
|
running in a second cluster. Before you begin:</p><ul><li>Choose two of your Istio clusters, to be referred to as <code>cluster1</code> and <code>cluster2</code>.</li></ul><ul><li><p>You can use the <code>kubectl</code> command to access both the <code>cluster1</code> and <code>cluster2</code> clusters with the <code>--context</code> flag,
|
|
for example <code>kubectl get pods --context cluster1</code>.
|
|
Use the following command to list your contexts:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl config get-contexts
|
|
CURRENT NAME CLUSTER AUTHINFO NAMESPACE
|
|
* cluster1 cluster1 user@foo.com default
|
|
cluster2 cluster2 user@foo.com default
|
|
</code></pre></li><li><p>Store the context names of your clusters in environment variables:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ export CTX_CLUSTER1=$(kubectl config view -o jsonpath='{.contexts[0].name}')
|
|
$ export CTX_CLUSTER2=$(kubectl config view -o jsonpath='{.contexts[1].name}')
|
|
$ echo CTX_CLUSTER1 = ${CTX_CLUSTER1}, CTX_CLUSTER2 = ${CTX_CLUSTER2}
|
|
CTX_CLUSTER1 = cluster1, CTX_CLUSTER2 = cluster2
|
|
</code></pre><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>If you have more than two clusters in the context list and you want to configure your mesh using clusters other than
|
|
the first two, you will need to manually set the environment variables to the appropriate context names.</div></aside></div></li></ul><h3 id=configure-the-example-services>Configure the example services</h3><ol><li><p>Deploy the <code>sleep</code> service in <code>cluster1</code>.</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl create --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 namespace foo
|
|
$ kubectl label --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 namespace foo istio-injection=enabled
|
|
$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@
|
|
$ export SLEEP_POD=$(kubectl get --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})
|
|
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Deploy the <code>httpbin</code> service in <code>cluster2</code>.</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl create --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 namespace bar
|
|
$ kubectl label --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 namespace bar istio-injection=enabled
|
|
$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 -n bar -f @samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml@
|
|
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Export the <code>cluster2</code> gateway address:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ export CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR=$(kubectl get --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 svc --selector=app=istio-ingressgateway \
|
|
-n istio-system -o jsonpath='{.items[0].status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].ip}')
|
|
</code></pre><p>This command sets the value to the gateway’s public IP, but note that you can set it to
|
|
a DNS name instead, if you have one.</p><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>If <code>cluster2</code> is running in an environment that does not
|
|
support external load balancers, you will need to use a nodePort to access the gateway.
|
|
Instructions for obtaining the IP to use can be found in the
|
|
<a href=/v1.2/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-control/#determining-the-ingress-ip-and-ports>Control Ingress Traffic</a>
|
|
guide. You will also need to change the service entry endpoint port in the following step from 15443
|
|
to its corresponding nodePort
|
|
(i.e., <code>kubectl --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 get svc -n istio-system istio-ingressgateway -o=jsonpath='{.spec.ports[?(@.port==15443)].nodePort}'</code>).</div></aside></div></li><li><p>Create a service entry for the <code>httpbin</code> service in <code>cluster2</code>.</p><p>To allow <code>sleep</code> in <code>cluster1</code> to access <code>httpbin</code> in <code>cluster2</code>, we need to create
|
|
a service entry for it. The host name of the service entry should be of the form
|
|
<code><name>.<namespace>.global</code> where name and namespace correspond to the
|
|
remote service’s name and namespace respectively.</p><p>For DNS resolution for services under the <code>*.global</code> domain, you need to assign these
|
|
services an IP address.</p><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>Each service (in the <code>.global</code> DNS domain) must have a unique IP within the cluster.</div></aside></div><p>If the global services have actual VIPs, you can use those, but otherwise we suggest
|
|
using IPs from the loopback range <code>127.0.0.0/8</code> that are not already allocated.
|
|
These IPs are non-routable outside of a pod.
|
|
In this example we’ll use IPs in <code>127.255.0.0/16</code> which avoids conflicting with
|
|
well known IPs such as <code>127.0.0.1</code> (<code>localhost</code>).
|
|
Application traffic for these IPs will be captured by the sidecar and routed to the
|
|
appropriate remote service.</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f - <<EOF
|
|
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
|
kind: ServiceEntry
|
|
metadata:
|
|
name: httpbin-bar
|
|
spec:
|
|
hosts:
|
|
# must be of form name.namespace.global
|
|
- httpbin.bar.global
|
|
# Treat remote cluster services as part of the service mesh
|
|
# as all clusters in the service mesh share the same root of trust.
|
|
location: MESH_INTERNAL
|
|
ports:
|
|
- name: http1
|
|
number: 8000
|
|
protocol: http
|
|
resolution: DNS
|
|
addresses:
|
|
# the IP address to which httpbin.bar.global will resolve to
|
|
# must be unique for each remote service, within a given cluster.
|
|
# This address need not be routable. Traffic for this IP will be captured
|
|
# by the sidecar and routed appropriately.
|
|
- 127.255.0.2
|
|
endpoints:
|
|
# This is the routable address of the ingress gateway in cluster2 that
|
|
# sits in front of sleep.foo service. Traffic from the sidecar will be
|
|
# routed to this address.
|
|
- address: ${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}
|
|
ports:
|
|
http1: 15443 # Do not change this port value
|
|
EOF
|
|
</code></pre><p>The configurations above will result in all traffic in <code>cluster1</code> for
|
|
<code>httpbin.bar.global</code> on <em>any port</em> to be routed to the endpoint
|
|
<code><IPofCluster2IngressGateway>:15443</code> over a mutual TLS connection.</p><p>The gateway for port 15443 is a special SNI-aware Envoy
|
|
preconfigured and installed as part of the multicluster Istio installation step
|
|
in the <a href=#deploy-istio>deploy the Istio control plane</a> section. Traffic entering port 15443 will be
|
|
load balanced among pods of the appropriate internal service of the target
|
|
cluster (in this case, <code>httpbin.bar</code> in <code>cluster2</code>).</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>Do not create a <code>Gateway</code> configuration for port 15443.</div></aside></div></li><li><p>Verify that <code>httpbin</code> is accessible from the <code>sleep</code> service.</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl exec --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 $SLEEP_POD -n foo -c sleep -- curl -I httpbin.bar.global:8000/headers
|
|
</code></pre></li></ol><h3 id=send-remote-traffic-via-an-egress-gateway>Send remote traffic via an egress gateway</h3><p>If you want to route traffic from <code>cluster1</code> via a dedicated egress gateway, instead of directly from the sidecars,
|
|
use the following service entry for <code>httpbin.bar</code> instead of the one in the previous section.</p><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>The egress gateway used in this configuration cannot also be used for other, non inter-cluster, egress traffic.</div></aside></div><p>If <code>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR</code> is an IP address, use the <code>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR - IP address</code> option. If <code>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR</code> is a hostname, use the <code>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR - hostname</code> option.</p><div id=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1 role=tablist class=tabset><div class=tab-strip data-cookie-name=profile><button aria-selected=true data-cookie-value=option1 aria-controls=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1-0-panel id=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1-0-tab role=tab><span>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR - IP address</span>
|
|
</button><button tabindex=-1 data-cookie-value=option2 aria-controls=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1-1-panel id=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1-1-tab role=tab><span>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR - hostname</span></button></div><div class=tab-content><div id=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1-0-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1-0-tab><ul><li>Export the <code>cluster1</code> egress gateway address:</li></ul><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ export CLUSTER1_EGW_ADDR=$(kubectl get --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 svc --selector=app=istio-egressgateway \
|
|
-n istio-system -o yaml -o jsonpath='{.items[0].spec.clusterIP}')
|
|
</code></pre><ul><li>Apply the httpbin-bar service entry:</li></ul><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f - <<EOF
|
|
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
|
kind: ServiceEntry
|
|
metadata:
|
|
name: httpbin-bar
|
|
spec:
|
|
hosts:
|
|
# must be of form name.namespace.global
|
|
- httpbin.bar.global
|
|
location: MESH_INTERNAL
|
|
ports:
|
|
- name: http1
|
|
number: 8000
|
|
protocol: http
|
|
resolution: STATIC
|
|
addresses:
|
|
- 127.255.0.2
|
|
endpoints:
|
|
- address: ${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}
|
|
network: external
|
|
ports:
|
|
http1: 15443 # Do not change this port value
|
|
- address: ${CLUSTER1_EGW_ADDR}
|
|
ports:
|
|
http1: 15443
|
|
EOF
|
|
</code></pre></div><div hidden id=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1-1-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-docs-setup-kubernetes-install-multicluster-gateways-1-1-tab><p>If the <code>${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}</code> is a hostname, you can use <code>resolution: DNS</code> for the endpoint resolution:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f - <<EOF
|
|
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
|
kind: ServiceEntry
|
|
metadata:
|
|
name: httpbin-bar
|
|
spec:
|
|
hosts:
|
|
# must be of form name.namespace.global
|
|
- httpbin.bar.global
|
|
location: MESH_INTERNAL
|
|
ports:
|
|
- name: http1
|
|
number: 8000
|
|
protocol: http
|
|
resolution: DNS
|
|
addresses:
|
|
- 127.255.0.2
|
|
endpoints:
|
|
- address: ${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}
|
|
network: external
|
|
ports:
|
|
http1: 15443 # Do not change this port value
|
|
- address: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
|
ports:
|
|
http1: 15443
|
|
EOF
|
|
</code></pre></div></div></div><h3 id=cleanup-the-example>Cleanup the example</h3><p>Execute the following commands to clean up the example services.</p><ul><li><p>Cleanup <code>cluster1</code>:</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@
|
|
$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo serviceentry httpbin-bar
|
|
$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 ns foo
|
|
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Cleanup <code>cluster2</code>:</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.2/samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 -n bar -f @samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml@
|
|
$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 ns bar
|
|
</code></pre></div></li></ul><h2 id=version-aware-routing-to-remote-services>Version-aware routing to remote services</h2><p>If the remote service has multiple versions, you can add
|
|
labels to the service entry endpoints.
|
|
For example:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f - <<EOF
|
|
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
|
kind: ServiceEntry
|
|
metadata:
|
|
name: httpbin-bar
|
|
spec:
|
|
hosts:
|
|
# must be of form name.namespace.global
|
|
- httpbin.bar.global
|
|
location: MESH_INTERNAL
|
|
ports:
|
|
- name: http1
|
|
number: 8000
|
|
protocol: http
|
|
resolution: DNS
|
|
addresses:
|
|
# the IP address to which httpbin.bar.global will resolve to
|
|
# must be unique for each service.
|
|
- 127.255.0.2
|
|
endpoints:
|
|
- address: ${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}
|
|
labels:
|
|
cluster: cluster2
|
|
ports:
|
|
http1: 15443 # Do not change this port value
|
|
EOF
|
|
</code></pre><p>You can then create virtual services and destination rules
|
|
to define subsets of the <code>httpbin.bar.global</code> service using the appropriate gateway label selectors.
|
|
The instructions are the same as those used for routing to a local service.
|
|
See <a href=/v1.2/blog/2019/multicluster-version-routing/>multicluster version routing</a>
|
|
for a complete example.</p><h2 id=uninstalling>Uninstalling</h2><p>Uninstall Istio by running the following commands on <strong>every cluster</strong>:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true>$ kubectl delete -f $HOME/istio.yaml
|
|
$ kubectl delete ns istio-system
|
|
</code></pre><h2 id=summary>Summary</h2><p>Using Istio gateways, a common root CA, and service entries, you can configure
|
|
a single Istio service mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters.
|
|
Once configured this way, traffic can be transparently routed to remote clusters
|
|
without any application involvement.
|
|
Although this approach requires a certain amount of manual configuration for
|
|
remote service access, the service entry creation process could be automated.</p><nav id=see-also><h2>See also</h2><div class=see-also><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/shared-vpn/>Shared control plane (single-network)</a></p><p class=desc>Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with a shared control plane and VPN connectivity between clusters.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.2/docs/examples/multicluster/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></p><p class=desc>Set up a multicluster mesh over two GKE clusters.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.2/docs/examples/multicluster/icp/>IBM Cloud Private</a></p><p class=desc>Example multicluster mesh over two IBM Cloud Private clusters.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/shared-gateways/>Shared control plane (multi-network)</a></p><p class=desc>Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters using a shared control plane for diconnected cluster networks.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.2/blog/2019/egress-traffic-control-in-istio-part-3/>Secure Control of Egress Traffic in Istio, part 3</a></p><p class=desc>Comparison of alternative solutions to control egress traffic including performance considerations.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.2/blog/2019/egress-traffic-control-in-istio-part-2/>Secure Control of Egress Traffic in Istio, part 2</a></p><p class=desc>Use Istio Egress Traffic Control to prevent attacks involving egress traffic.</p></div></div></nav></article><nav class=pagenav><div class=left></div><div class=right><a title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with a shared control plane and VPN connectivity between clusters." href=/v1.2/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/multicluster/shared-vpn/>Shared control plane (single-network)<svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav><div id=endnotes-container aria-hidden=true><h2>Links</h2><ol id=endnotes></ol></div></div><div class=toc-container><nav class=toc aria-label="Table of Contents"><div id=toc><ol><li role=none aria-label=Prerequisites><a href=#prerequisites>Prerequisites</a><li role=none aria-label="Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster"><a href=#deploy-istio>Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster</a><li role=none aria-label="Setup DNS"><a href=#setup-dns>Setup DNS</a><li role=none aria-label="Configure application services"><a href=#configure-application-services>Configure application services</a><ol><li role=none aria-label="Configure the example services"><a href=#configure-the-example-services>Configure the example services</a><li role=none aria-label="Send remote traffic via an egress gateway"><a href=#send-remote-traffic-via-an-egress-gateway>Send remote traffic via an egress gateway</a><li role=none aria-label="Cleanup the example"><a href=#cleanup-the-example>Cleanup the example</a></ol></li><li role=none aria-label="Version-aware routing to remote services"><a href=#version-aware-routing-to-remote-services>Version-aware routing to remote services</a><li role=none aria-label=Uninstalling><a href=#uninstalling>Uninstalling</a><li role=none aria-label=Summary><a href=#summary>Summary</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol></div></nav></div></main><footer><div class=user-links><a class=channel title="Go download Istio 1.2.5 now" href=https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/tag/1.2.5 aria-label="Download Istio"><span>download</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#download"/></svg>
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</a><a class=channel title="Join the Istio discussion board to participate in discussions and get help troubleshooting problems" href=https://discuss.istio.io aria-label="Istio discussion board"><span>discuss</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#discourse"/></svg></a>
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<a class=channel title="Stack Overflow is where you can ask questions and find curated answers on deploying, configuring, and using Istio" href=https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/istio aria-label="Stack Overflow"><span>stack overflow</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#stackoverflow"/></svg></a>
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<a class=channel title="Interactively discuss issues with the Istio community on Slack" href=https://istio.slack.com aria-label=slack><span>slack</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#slack"/></svg></a>
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<a class=channel title="Follow us on Twitter to get the latest news" href=https://twitter.com/IstioMesh aria-label=Twitter><span>twitter</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#twitter"/></svg></a><div class=tag>for everyone</div></div><div class=info><p class=copyright>Istio Archive
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1.2.5<br>© 2019 Istio Authors, <a href=https://policies.google.com/privacy>Privacy Policy</a><br>Archived on September 12, 2019</p></div><div class=dev-links><a class=channel title="GitHub is where development takes place on Istio code" href=https://github.com/istio/community aria-label=GitHub><span>github</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#github"/></svg></a>
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<a class=channel title="Access our team drive if you'd like to take a look at the Istio technical design documents" href=https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/istio-team-drive-access aria-label="team drive"><span>drive</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.2/img/icons.svg#drive"/></svg></a>
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