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aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card44><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Try Istio’s features quickly and easily." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/getting-started/>Getting Started</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Platform Setup"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="How to prepare various Kubernetes platforms before installing Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/>Platform Setup</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes cluster for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/alicloud/>Alibaba Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Azure cluster for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/azure/>Azure</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Docker Desktop for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/docker/>Docker Desktop</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an IBM Cloud cluster for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/ibm/>IBM Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup kind for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/kind/>kind</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Kops for use with Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/kops/>Kops</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Gardener cluster for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/gardener/>Kubernetes Gardener</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a KubeSphere Container Platform for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/kubesphere/>KubeSphere Container Platform</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup MicroK8s for use with Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/microk8s/>MicroK8s</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup minikube for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/minikube/>Minikube</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OpenShift cluster for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/openshift/>OpenShift</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OKE cluster for Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/platform-setup/oci/>Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Install><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Choose the guide that best suits your needs and platform." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/>Install</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and customize any Istio configuration profile for in-depth evaluation or production use." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/istioctl/>Install with Istioctl</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio in a Kubernetes cluster using the Istio operator." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/operator/>Istio Operator Install</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and configure Istio for in-depth evaluation." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/helm/>Install with Helm</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Install Multicluster"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/multicluster/>Install Multicluster</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Initial steps before installing Istio on multiple clusters." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/multicluster/before-you-begin/>Before you begin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple primary clusters." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/multicluster/multi-primary/>Install Multi-Primary</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across primary and remote clusters." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/multicluster/primary-remote/>Install Primary-Remote</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple primary clusters on different networks." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/multicluster/multi-primary_multi-network/>Install Multi-Primary on different networks</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across primary and remote clusters on different networks." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/multicluster/primary-remote_multi-network/>Install Primary-Remote on different networks</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Verify that Istio has been installed properly on multiple clusters." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/multicluster/verify/>Verify the installation</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploy Istio and connect a workload running within a virtual machine to it." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Virtual Machine Installation</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Upgrade><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Upgrade, downgrade, and manage Istio accross multiple control plane revisions." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/upgrade/>Upgrade</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Upgrade Istio by first running a canary deployment of a new control plane." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/upgrade/canary/>Canary Upgrades</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Upgrade or downgrade Istio in place." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/upgrade/in-place/>In-place Upgrades</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuring and upgrading Istio with gateways (experimental)." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/upgrade/gateways/>Managing Gateways with Multiple Revisions [Experimental]</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="More Guides"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="More information on additional setup tasks." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/additional-setup/>More Guides</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the built-in Istio installation configuration profiles." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/additional-setup/config-profiles/>Installation Configuration Profiles</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/additional-setup/sidecar-injection/>Installing the Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and use Istio with the Istio CNI plugin, allowing operators to deploy services with lower privilege." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/additional-setup/cni/>Install Istio with the Istio CNI plugin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an external control plane and remote cluster." href=/v1.9/docs/setup/additional-setup/external-controlplane/>Install Istio with an External Control Plane</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card77 title="How to do single specific targeted activities with the Istio system." aria-controls=card77-body><svg class="icon tasks"><use xlink:href="/v1.9/img/icons.svg#tasks"/></svg>Tasks</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card77 role=region id=card77-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card77><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tasks that demonstrate Istio's traffic routing features." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing to multiple versions of a microservice." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing/>Request Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to inject faults to test the resiliency of your application." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection/>Fault Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting/>Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate TCP traffic from an old to new version of a TCP service." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/tcp-traffic-shifting/>TCP Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts/>Request Timeouts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure circuit breaking for connections, requests, and outlier detection." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking/>Circuit Breaking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task demonstrates the traffic mirroring/shadowing capabilities of Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring/>Mirroring</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Locality Load Balancing"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This series of tasks demonstrate how to configure locality load balancing in Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/>Locality Load Balancing</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Initial steps before configuring locality load balancing." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/before-you-begin/>Before you begin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task demonstrates how to configure your mesh for locality failover." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/failover/>Locality failover</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This guide demonstrates how to configure locality distribution." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/distribute/>Locality weighted distribution</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Cleanup steps for locality load balancing." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/cleanup/>Cleanup</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Ingress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling ingress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/>Ingress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Istio gateway to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-control/>Ingress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Expose a service outside of the service mesh over TLS or mTLS." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/secure-ingress/>Secure Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI passthrough for an ingress gateway." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-sni-passthrough/>Ingress Gateway without TLS Termination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure a Kubernetes Ingress object to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/kubernetes-ingress/>Kubernetes Ingress</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure the Kubernetes Gateway API with Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/gateway-api/>Kubernetes Gateway API</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Egress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling egress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/>Egress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-control/>Accessing External Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to perform TLS origination for traffic to external services." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-tls-origination/>Egress TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to direct traffic to external services through a dedicated gateway." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/>Egress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Egress Gateway to perform TLS origination to external services using Secret Discovery Service." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway-tls-origination-sds/>Egress Gateways with TLS Origination (SDS)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Egress Gateway to perform TLS origination to external services using file mount certificates." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway-tls-origination/>Egress Gateways with TLS Origination (File Mount)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to enable egress traffic for a set of hosts in a common domain, instead of configuring each and every host separately." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/wildcard-egress-hosts/>Egress using Wildcard Hosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to configure Istio for Kubernetes External Services." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-kubernetes-services/>Kubernetes Services for Egress Traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to let applications use an external HTTPS proxy." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/http-proxy/>Using an External HTTPS Proxy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to secure the mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Certificate Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Management of the certificates in Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/>Certificate Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how system administrators can configure Istio's CA with a root certificate, signing certificate and key." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/plugin-ca-cert/>Plug in CA Certificates</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to provision and manage DNS certificates in Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/dns-cert/>Istio DNS Certificate Management</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to use a Custom Certificate Authority (that integrates with the Kubernetes CSR API) to provision Istio workload certificates (experimental)." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/custom-ca-k8s/>Custom CA Integration using Kubernetes CSR [Experimental]</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authentication><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling mutual TLS and end-user authentication for mesh services." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authentication/>Authentication</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authentication/authn-policy/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to incrementally migrate your Istio services to mutual TLS." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authentication/mtls-migration/>Mutual TLS Migration</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authorization><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Shows how to control access to Istio services." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authorization/>Authorization</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control for HTTP traffic." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-http/>HTTP Traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control for TCP traffic." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-tcp/>TCP Traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control for JWT token." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-jwt/>JWT Token</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to integrate and delegate access control to an external authorization system." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-custom/>External Authorization</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control to deny traffic explicitly." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-deny/>Explicit Deny</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control on an ingress gateway." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-ingress/>Ingress Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to migrate from one trust domain to another without changing authorization policy." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-td-migration/>Trust Domain Migration</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Policy Enforcement"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates policy enforcement features." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/>Policy Enforcement</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to dynamically limit the traffic to a service." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/rate-limit/>Enabling Rate Limits using Envoy</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Observability><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to collect telemetry information from the mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/>Observability</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label=Metrics><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the collection and querying of metrics within Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/>Metrics</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/tcp-metrics/>Collecting Metrics for TCP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to customize the Istio metrics." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/customize-metrics/>Customizing Istio Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to improve telemetry by grouping requests and responses by their type." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/classify-metrics/>Classifying Metrics Based on Request or Response (Experimental)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/querying-metrics/>Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/using-istio-dashboard/>Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Logs><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the collection of logs within Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/logs/>Logs</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Envoy proxies to print access logs to their standard output." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/logs/access-log/>Getting Envoy's Access Logs</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Distributed Tracing"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio-enabled applications to collect trace spans." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/>Distributed Tracing</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Overview of distributed tracing in Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/overview/>Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Jaeger." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/jaeger/>Jaeger</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Lightstep." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/lightstep/>Lightstep</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure tracing options (beta/experimental)." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/configurability/>Configurability [Beta/Experimental]</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to visualize your services within an Istio mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/kiali/>Visualizing Your Mesh</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure external access to the set of Istio telemetry addons." href=/v1.9/docs/tasks/observability/gateways/>Remotely Accessing Telemetry Addons</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card100 title="A variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with." aria-controls=card100-body><svg class="icon examples"><use xlink:href="/v1.9/img/icons.svg#examples"/></svg>Examples</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card100 role=region id=card100-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card100><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices used to demonstrate various Istio features." href=/v1.9/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo Application</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Run the Bookinfo application with a MySQL service running on a virtual machine within your mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/examples/virtual-machines/>Bookinfo with a Virtual Machine</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This modular tutorial provides new users with hands-on experience using Istio for common microservices scenarios, one step at a time." href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/>Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/prereq/>Prerequisites</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/setup-kubernetes-cluster/>Setup a Kubernetes Cluster</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/setup-local-computer/>Setup a Local Computer</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/single/>Run a Microservice Locally</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/package-service/>Run ratings in Docker</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/bookinfo-kubernetes/>Run Bookinfo with Kubernetes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/production-testing/>Test in production</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/add-new-microservice-version/>Add a new version of reviews</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/add-istio/>Enable Istio on productpage</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/enable-istio-all-microservices/>Enable Istio on all the microservices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/istio-ingress-gateway/>Configure Istio Ingress Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/examples/microservices-istio/logs-istio/>Monitoring with Istio</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card123 title="Concepts, tools, and techniques to deploy and manage an Istio mesh." aria-controls=card123-body><svg class="icon guide"><use xlink:href="/v1.9/img/icons.svg#guide"/></svg>Operations</button><div class="body default" aria-labelledby=card123 role=region id=card123-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card123><li role=treeitem aria-label=Deployment><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Requirements, concepts, and considerations for setting up an Istio deployment." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/deployment/>Deployment</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's high-level architecture and design goals." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/deployment/architecture/>Architecture</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the options and considerations when configuring your Istio deployment." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/deployment/deployment-models/>Deployment Models</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's high-level architecture for virtual machines." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/deployment/vm-architecture/>Virtual Machine Architecture</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio performance and scalability summary." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/deployment/performance-and-scalability/>Performance and Scalability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Requirements of applications deployed in an Istio-enabled cluster." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/deployment/requirements/>Application Requirements</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Advanced concepts and features for configuring a running Istio mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Mesh Configuration"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the global mesh configuration." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/>Mesh Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Provides a general overview of Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks and the related issues that can arise." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/webhook/>Dynamic Admission Webhooks Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to wait until a resource reaches a given status of readiness." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/config-resource-ready/>Wait on Resource Status for Applied Configuration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/injection-concepts/>Automatic Sidecar Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to do health checking for Istio services." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/app-health-check/>Health Checking of Istio Services</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the networking aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to specify protocols." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/protocol-selection/>Protocol Selection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure TLS settings to secure network traffic." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/tls-configuration/>TLS Configuration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure gateway network topology (experimental)." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/network-topologies/>Configuring Gateway Network Topology [Experimental]</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure DNS proxying." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/dns-proxy/>DNS Proxying</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the security aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows common examples of using Istio security policy." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/security/security-policy-examples/>Security policy examples</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Use hardened container images to reduce Istio's attack surface." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/security/harden-docker-images/>Harden Docker Container Images</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Observability><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage telemetry collection and visualization in a running mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/>Observability</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Fine-grained control of Envoy statistics." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/envoy-stats/>Envoy Statistics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configure Prometheus to monitor multicluster Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/monitoring-multicluster-prometheus/>Monitoring Multicluster Istio with Prometheus</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Extensibility><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage extensions to the service mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/extensibility/>Extensibility</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to make remote WebAssembly modules available in the mesh (experimental)." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/configuration/extensibility/wasm-module-distribution/>Distributing WebAssembly Modules [Experimental]</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Best Practices"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Best practices for setting up and managing an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/best-practices/>Best Practices</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="General best practices when setting up an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/best-practices/deployment/>Deployment Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration best practices to avoid networking or traffic management issues." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/best-practices/traffic-management/>Traffic Management Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Best practices for securing applications using Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/best-practices/security/>Security Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Best practices for observing applications using Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/best-practices/observability/>Observability Best Practices</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Common Problems"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to identify and resolve common problems in Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/common-problems/>Common Problems</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Techniques to address common Istio traffic management and network problems." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/common-problems/network-issues/>Traffic Management Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Techniques to address common Istio authentication, authorization, and general security-related problems." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/common-problems/security-issues/>Security Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Dealing with telemetry collection issues." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/common-problems/observability-issues/>Observability Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resolve common problems with Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/common-problems/injection/>Sidecar Injection Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to resolve configuration validation problems." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/common-problems/validation/>Configuration Validation Problems</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Diagnostic Tools"><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tools and techniques to help troubleshoot an Istio mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/>Diagnostic Tools</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio includes a supplemental tool that provides debugging and diagnosis for Istio service mesh deployments." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl/>Using the Istioctl Command-line Tool</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes tools and techniques to diagnose issues with Virtual Machines." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/virtual-machines/>Debugging Virtual Machines</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes tools and techniques to diagnose Envoy configuration issues related to traffic management." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/proxy-cmd/>Debugging Envoy and Istiod</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use istioctl describe to verify the configurations of a pod in your mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl-describe/>Understand your Mesh with Istioctl Describe</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use istioctl analyze to identify potential issues with your configuration." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl-analyze/>Diagnose your Configuration with Istioctl Analyze</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use ControlZ to get insight into a running istiod component." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/controlz/>Istiod Introspection</a></li><li role=none><span role=treeitem class=current title="Describes how to use component-level logging to get insights into a running component's behavior.">Component Logging</span></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Integrations><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Other software that Istio can integrate with to provide additional functionality." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/integrations/>Integrations</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to integrate with cert-manager." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/integrations/certmanager/>cert-manager</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to integrate with Grafana to set up Istio dashboards." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/integrations/grafana/>Grafana</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to integrate with Jaeger." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/integrations/jaeger/>Jaeger</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to integrate with Kiali." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/integrations/kiali/>Kiali</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to integrate with Prometheus." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/integrations/prometheus/>Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to integrate with Zipkin." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/integrations/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card176 title="Detailed authoritative reference material such as command-line options, configuration options, and API calling parameters." aria-controls=card176-body><svg class="icon reference"><use xlink:href="/v1.9/img/icons.svg#reference"/></svg>Reference</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card176 role=region id=card176-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card176><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Detailed information on configuration options." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting the service mesh as a whole." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/istio.mesh.v1alpha1/>Global Mesh Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting Istio control plane installation version and shape." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/>IstioOperator Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the structure of messages generated by Istio analyzers." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/istio.analysis.v1alpha1/>Analysis Messages</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the role of the `status` field in configuration workflow." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/config-status/>Configuration Status Field</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Proxy Extensions"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio proxy extensions." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/>Proxy Extensions</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Attribute Generation plugin." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/attributegen/>AttributeGen Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Stackdriver filter." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/stackdriver/>Stackdriver Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Stats Filter." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/stats/>Stats Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for AccessLogPolicy Filter." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/accesslogpolicy/>AccessLogPolicy Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Metadata Exchange Filter." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/metadata_exchange/>Metadata Exchange Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to enable telemetry generation with the Wasm runtime (experimental)." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/wasm_telemetry/>Wasm-based Telemetry [Experimental]</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure HTTP/TCP routing features." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting load balancing, outlier detection, etc." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/destination-rule/>Destination Rule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Customizing Envoy configuration generated by Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/envoy-filter/>Envoy Filter</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting edge load balancer." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/gateway/>Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting label/content routing, sni routing, etc." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/virtual-service/>Virtual Service</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting service registry." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/service-entry/>Service Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting network reachability of a sidecar." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/sidecar/>Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes a collection of workload instances." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/workload-group/>Workload Group</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting VMs onboarded into the mesh." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/networking/workload-entry/>Workload Entry</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's security features." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration to validate JWT." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/security/jwt/>JWTRule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Peer authentication configuration for workloads." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/security/peer_authentication/>PeerAuthentication</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Request authentication configuration for workloads." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/security/request_authentication/>RequestAuthentication</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for access control on workloads." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/security/authorization-policy/>Authorization Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the supported conditions in authorization policies." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/security/conditions/>Authorization Policy Conditions</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Common Types"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes common types in Istio API." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/type/>Common Types</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Definition of a workload selector." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/type/workload-selector/>Workload Selector</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio standard metrics exported by Istio telemetry." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/metrics/>Istio Standard Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resource annotations used by Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/annotations/>Resource Annotations</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resource labels used by Istio." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/labels/>Resource Labels</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Configuration Analysis Messages"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Documents the individual error and warning messages produced during configuration analysis." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/>Configuration Analysis Messages</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0113/>MTLSPolicyConflict</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/message-format/>Analyzer Message Format</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0109/>ConflictingMeshGatewayVirtualServiceHosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0110/>ConflictingSidecarWorkloadSelectors</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0116/>DeploymentAssociatedToMultipleServices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0117/>DeploymentRequiresServiceAssociated</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0002/>Deprecated</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0135/>DeprecatedAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0104/>GatewayPortNotOnWorkload</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0001/>InternalError</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0125/>InvalidAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0122/>InvalidRegexp</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0105/>IstioProxyImageMismatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0119/>JwtFailureDueToInvalidServicePortPrefix</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0107/>MisplacedAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0111/>MultipleSidecarsWithoutWorkloadSelectors</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0123/>NamespaceMultipleInjectionLabels</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0102/>NamespaceNotInjected</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0127/>NoMatchingWorkloadsFound</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0128/>NoServerCertificateVerificationDestinationLevel</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0129/>NoServerCertificateVerificationPortLevel</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0136/>AlphaAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0103/>PodMissingProxy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0131/>VirtualServiceIneffectiveMatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0101/>ReferencedResourceNotFound</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0106/>SchemaValidationError</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0134/>ServiceEntryAddressesRequired</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0108/>UnknownAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0130/>VirtualServiceUnreachableRule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0118/>PortNameIsNotUnderNamingConvention</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0132/>VirtualServiceHostNotFoundInGateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.9/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0112/>VirtualServiceDestinationPortSelectorRequired</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Commands><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes usage and options of the Istio commands and utilities." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/commands/>Commands</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio control interface." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/commands/istioctl/>istioctl</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery/>pilot-discovery</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Istio operator." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/commands/operator/>operator</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot agent." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent/>pilot-agent</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A glossary of common Istio terms." href=/v1.9/docs/reference/glossary/>Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></div></nav></div><div class=article-container><button tabindex=-1 id=sidebar-toggler title="Toggle the navigation bar"><svg class="icon pull"><use xlink:href="/v1.9/img/icons.svg#pull"/></svg></button><nav aria-label=Breadcrumb><ol><li><a href=/v1.9/ title="Connect, secure, control, and observe services.">Istio</a></li><li><a href=/v1.9/docs/ title="Learn how to deploy, use, and operate Istio.">Docs</a></li><li><a href=/v1.9/docs/ops/ title="Concepts, tools, and techniques to deploy and manage an Istio mesh.">Operations</a></li><li><a href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/ title="Tools and techniques to help troubleshoot an Istio mesh.">Diagnostic Tools</a></li><li>Component Logging</li></ol></nav><article aria-labelledby=title><div class=title-area><div style=width:100%><h1 id=title>Component Logging</h1><p class=byline><span title="477 words"><svg class="icon clock"><use xlink:href="/v1.9/img/icons.svg#clock"/></svg><span>&nbsp;</span>3 minute read</span>
<span>&nbsp;</span>
<span><a href=https://github.com/istio/istio.io/tree/master/README.md#testing-document-content title="No automated test is available for this page. Click for details or to help create one."><svg class="icon cancel-grey"><use xlink:href="/v1.9/img/icons.svg#cancel-grey"/></svg><span>&nbsp;</span>
page test</a></span></p></div></div><nav class=toc-inlined aria-label="Table of Contents"><div><hr><ol><li role=none aria-label="Logging scopes"><a href=#logging-scopes>Logging scopes</a><li role=none aria-label="Controlling output"><a href=#controlling-output>Controlling output</a><li role=none aria-label="Log rotation"><a href=#log-rotation>Log rotation</a><li role=none aria-label="Component debugging"><a href=#component-debugging>Component debugging</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol><hr></div></nav><p>Istio components are built with a flexible logging framework which provides a number of features and controls to
help operate these components and facilitate diagnostics. You control these logging features by passing
command-line options when starting the components.</p><h2 id=logging-scopes>Logging scopes</h2><p>Logging messages output by a component are categorized by <em>scopes</em>. A scope represents a set of related log messages which
you can control as a whole. Different components have different scopes, depending on the features the component
provides. All components have the <code>default</code> scope, which is used for non-categorized log messages.</p><p>As an example, as of this writing, <code>istioctl</code> has 25 scopes, representing different functional areas within the command:</p><ul><li><code>ads</code>, <code>adsc</code>, <code>all</code>, <code>analysis</code>, <code>authn</code>, <code>authorization</code>, <code>ca</code>, <code>cache</code>, <code>cli</code>, <code>default</code>, <code>installer</code>, <code>klog</code>, <code>mcp</code>, <code>model</code>, <code>patch</code>, <code>processing</code>, <code>resource</code>, <code>source</code>, <code>spiffe</code>, <code>tpath</code>, <code>translator</code>, <code>util</code>, <code>validation</code>, <code>validationController</code>, <code>wle</code></li></ul><p>Pilot-Agent, Pilot-Discovery, and the Istio Operator have their own scopes which you can discover by looking at their <a href=/v1.9/docs/reference/commands/>reference documentation</a>.</p><p>Each scope has a unique output level which is one of:</p><ol><li>none</li><li>error</li><li>warning</li><li>info</li><li>debug</li></ol><p>where <code>none</code> produces no output for the scope, and <code>debug</code> produces the maximum amount of output. The default level for all scopes
is <code>info</code> which is intended to provide the right amount of logging information for operating Istio in normal conditions.</p><p>To control the output level, you use the <code>--log_output_level</code> command-line option. For example:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl analyze --log_output_level klog:none,cli:info
</code></pre><p>In addition to controlling the output level from the command-line, you can also control the output level of a running component
by using its <a href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/controlz>ControlZ</a> interface.</p><h2 id=controlling-output>Controlling output</h2><p>Log messages are normally sent to a component&rsquo;s standard output stream. The <code>--log_target</code> option lets you direct the output to
any number of different locations. You give the option a comma-separated list of file system paths, along with the special
values <code>stdout</code> and <code>stderr</code> to indicate the standard output and standard error streams respectively.</p><p>Log messages are normally output in a human-friendly format. The <code>--log_as_json</code> option can be used to force the output into JSON,
which can be easier for tools to process.</p><h2 id=log-rotation>Log rotation</h2><p>Istio control plane components can automatically manage log rotation, which make it simple to break up large logs into smaller log files.
The <code>--log_rotate</code> option lets you specify the base file name to use for rotation. Derived names will be used for individual
log files.</p><p>The <code>--log_rotate_max_age</code> option lets you specify the maximum number of days before file rotation takes place, while the <code>--log_rotate_max_size</code> option
let you specify the maximum size in megabytes before file rotation takes place. Finally, the <code>--log_rotate_max_backups</code> option lets you control
the maximum number of rotated files to keep, older files will be automatically deleted.</p><h2 id=component-debugging>Component debugging</h2><p>The <code>--log_caller</code> and <code>--log_stacktrace_level</code> options let you control whether log information includes
programmer-level information. This is useful when trying to track down bugs in a component but is not
normally used in day-to-day operation.</p><nav id=see-also><h2>See also</h2><div class=see-also><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/controlz/>Istiod Introspection</a></p><p class=desc>Describes how to use ControlZ to get insight into a running istiod component.</p></div></div></nav></article><nav class=pagenav><div class=left><a title="Describes how to use ControlZ to get insight into a running istiod component." href=/v1.9/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/controlz/><svg class="icon left-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.9/img/icons.svg#left-arrow"/></svg>Istiod Introspection</a></div><div class=right></div></nav><div id=feedback><div id=feedback-initial>Was this information useful?<br><button class="btn feedback" onclick="sendFeedback('en',1)">Yes</button>
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