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class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-dark fixed-top bg-dark"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/v0.6/" style="visibility: visible"> <img class="logo" src="/v0.6/img/istio-logo.svg" alt="Istio Logo"/> <span class="brand-name">Istioldie 0.6</span> </a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarCollapse" aria-controls="navbarCollapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button><div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-end" id="navbarCollapse"><ul class="navbar-nav"><li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/v0.6/about/intro.html">About</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/v0.6/blog/2018/traffic-mirroring.html">Blog</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link active" href="/v0.6/docs/">Docs</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/v0.6/help/">Help</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " 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value="013699703217164175118:iwwf17ikgf4" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="utf-8" /> <input type="hidden" name="hl" value="en" /><div class="input-group"> <input name="q" class="form-control search-box" type="text" size="30" /> <button class="btn btn-search input-group-addon my-2 my-sm-0 fa fa-search" type="submit"></button></div></form></div></nav></header><div class="container-fluid"><div class="row row-offcanvas row-offcanvas-left"><div class="col-6 col-md-3 col-xl-2 sidebar-offcanvas"><nav class="sidebar"><div class="spacer"></div><div class="directory" role="tablist"><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header1"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse1" title="Concepts help you learn about the different parts of the Istio system and the abstractions it uses." role="button" aria-controls="collapse1"><div> Concepts</div></a></div><div id="collapse1" class="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header1"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="A broad overview of the Istio system." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/what-is-istio">What is Istio?</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Provides a conceptual introduction to Istio, including the problems it solves and its high-level architecture." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/overview.html">Overview</a></li><li> <a title="Describes the core principles that Istio's design adheres to." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/goals.html">Design Goals</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes the various Istio features focused on traffic routing and control." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management">Traffic Management</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Provides a conceptual overview of traffic management in Istio and the features it enables." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management/overview.html">Overview</a></li><li> <a title="Introduces Pilot, the component responsible for managing a distributed deployment of Envoy proxies in the service mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management/pilot.html">Pilot</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how requests are routed between services in an Istio service mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management/request-routing.html">Request Routing</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how traffic is load balanced across instances of a service in the mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management/load-balancing.html">Discovery & Load Balancing</a></li><li> <a title="An overview of failure recovery capabilities in Envoy that can be leveraged by unmodified applications to improve robustness and prevent cascading failures." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management/handling-failures.html">Handling Failures</a></li><li> <a title="Introduces the idea of systematic fault injection that can be used to uncover conflicting failure recovery policies across services." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management/fault-injection.html">Fault Injection</a></li><li> <a title="Provides a high-level overview of the domain-specific language used by Istio to configure traffic management rules in the service mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management/rules-configuration.html">Rules Configuration</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes Istio's authorization and authentication functionality." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/security">Security</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Describes Istio's mutual TLS authentication architecture which provides a strong service identity and secure communication channels between services." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/security/mutual-tls.html">Mutual TLS Authentication</a></li><li> <a title="Describes Istio RBAC which provides access control for services in Istio Mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/security/rbac.html">Istio Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Introduces the policy control mechanisms." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/policy-and-control">Policies and Control</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Explains the important notion of attributes, which is a central mechanism for how policies and control are applied to services within the mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/policy-and-control/attributes.html">Attributes</a></li><li> <a title="Architectural deep-dive into the design of Mixer, which provides the policy and control mechanisms within the service mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/policy-and-control/mixer.html">Mixer</a></li><li> <a title="An overview of the key concepts used to configure Mixer." href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/policy-and-control/mixer-config.html">Mixer Configuration</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header20"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse20" title="Setup contains instructions for installing the Istio control plane in various environments (e.g., Kubernetes, Consul, etc.), as well as instructions for installing the sidecar in the application deployment." role="button" aria-controls="collapse20"><div> Setup</div></a></div><div id="collapse20" class="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header20"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes and adding VMs into the mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes">Kubernetes</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh in a Kubernetes cluster." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes/quick-start.html">Quick Start</a></li><li> <a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service using Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)" href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes/quick-start-gke-dm.html">Quick Start with Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for the setup and configuration of Istio using the Helm package manager." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes/helm.html">Istio Helm Chart Instructions</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions on using the included Ansible playbook to perform installation." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes/ansible-install.html">Installing with Ansible</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes/sidecar-injection.html">Installing Istio Sidecar</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for integrating VMs and bare metal hosts into an Istio mesh deployed on Kubernetes." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes/mesh-expansion.html">Istio Mesh Expansion</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul based environment, with or without Nomad." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/consul">Nomad & Consul</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh with Docker Compose." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/consul/quick-start.html">Quick Start on Docker</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul based environment, with or without Nomad." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/consul/install.html">Installation</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Eureka based environment." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/eureka">Eureka</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh with Docker Compose." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/eureka/quick-start.html">Quick Start on Docker</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in an Eureka based environment." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/eureka/install.html">Installation</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in Cloud Foundry." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/cloudfoundry">Cloud Foundry</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in Cloud Foundry." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/cloudfoundry/install.html">Installation</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in Apache Mesos." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/mesos">Mesos</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in Apache Mesos." href="/v0.6/docs/setup/mesos/install.html">Installation</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header38"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse38" title="Tasks show you how to do a single specific targeted activity with the Istio system." role="button" aria-controls="collapse38"><div> Tasks</div></a></div><div id="collapse38" class="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header38"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes tasks that demonstrate traffic routing features of Istio service mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management">Traffic Management</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing based on weights and HTTP headers." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing.html">Configuring Request Routing</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to inject delays and test the resiliency of your application." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection.html">Fault Injection</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting.html">Traffic Shifting</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts.html">Setting Request Timeouts</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio Ingress on Kubernetes." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress.html">Istio Ingress</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress.html">Control Egress Traffic</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio to route TCP traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress-tcp.html">Control Egress TCP Traffic</a></li><li> <a title="This task demonstrates the circuit-breaking capability for resilient applications" href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking.html">Circuit Breaking</a></li><li> <a title="Demonstrates Istio's traffic shadowing/mirroring capabilities" href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring.html">Mirroring</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes tasks that demonstrate policy enforcement features." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement">Policy Enforcement</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="This task shows you how to use Istio to dynamically limit the traffic to a service." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/rate-limiting.html">Enabling Rate Limits</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes tasks that demonstrate how to collect telemetry information from the service mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/telemetry">Metrics, Logs, and Traces</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin or Jaeger" href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing.html">Distributed Tracing</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics and logs." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics-logs.html">Collecting Metrics and Logs</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/telemetry/tcp-metrics.html">Collecting Metrics for TCP services</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/telemetry/querying-metrics.html">Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/telemetry/using-istio-dashboard.html">Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to generate a graph of services within an Istio mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/telemetry/servicegraph.html">Generating a Service Graph</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to log to a Fluentd daemon" href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/telemetry/fluentd.html">Logging with Fluentd</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes tasks that help securing the service mesh traffic." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/security">Security</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="This task shows you how to verify and test Istio's automatic mutual TLS authentication." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/security/mutual-tls.html">Testing Istio mutual TLS authentication</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to control access to a service using the Kubernetes labels." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/security/basic-access-control.html">Setting up Basic Access Control</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to securely control access to a service using service accounts." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/security/secure-access-control.html">Setting up Secure Access Control</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to set up role-based access control for services in Istio mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/security/role-based-access-control.html">Setting up Istio Role-Based Access Control</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to change mutual TLS authentication for a single service." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/security/per-service-mtls.html">Per-service mutual TLS authentication enablement</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how operators can plug existing certificate and key into Istio CA." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/security/plugin-ca-cert.html">Plugging in CA certificate and key</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to enable Istio CA health check." href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/security/health-check.html">Enabling Istio CA health check</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header67"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse67" title="Guides include a variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with." role="button" aria-controls="collapse67"><div> Guides</div></a></div><div id="collapse67" class="collapse show" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header67"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li> <span class="current" title="This guide deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices which will be used to demonstrate various features of the Istio service mesh.">Bookinfo</span></li><li> <a title="This guide demonstrates how to use various traffic management capabilities of an Istio service mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/guides/intelligent-routing.html">Intelligent Routing</a></li><li> <a title="This sample demonstrates how to obtain uniform metrics, logs, traces across different services using Istio Mixer and Istio sidecar." href="/v0.6/docs/guides/telemetry.html">In-Depth Telemetry</a></li><li> <a title="This sample deploys the Bookinfo services across Kubernetes and a set of virtual machines, and illustrates how to use the Istio service mesh to control this infrastructure as a single mesh." href="/v0.6/docs/guides/integrating-vms.html">Integrating Virtual Machines</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header72"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse72" title="The Reference section contains detailed authoritative reference material such as command-line options, configuration options, and API calling parameters." role="button" aria-controls="collapse72"><div> Reference</div></a></div><div id="collapse72" class="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header72"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Detailed information on API parameters." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/api">API</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="API definitions to interact with Mixer" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/api/istio.mixer.v1.html">Mixer</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Detailed information on configuration options." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config">Configuration</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Configuration affecting the service mesh as a whole" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/istio.mesh.v1alpha1.html">Service Mesh</a></li><li> <a title="Configuration state for the Mixer client library" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/istio.mixer.v1.config.client.html">Mixer Client</a></li><li> <a title="Describes the rules used to configure Mixer's policy and telemetry features." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/istio.mixer.v1.config.html">Policy and Telemetry Rules</a></li><li> <a title="Configuration affecting resource-based access control" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/istio.rbac.v1alpha1.html">RBAC</a></li><li> <a title="Configuration affecting traffic routing" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/istio.routing.v1alpha1.html">Route Rules Alpha 1</a></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Detailed information on configuration and API exposed by Mixer." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/mixer">Mixer</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Definitions used when creating Mixer templates" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/mixer/istio.mixer.adapter.model.v1beta1.html">Mixer Adapter Model</a></li><li> <a title="Value types used with templates" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/mixer/istio.mixer.v1.config.descriptor.html">Value Type</a></li><li> <a title="Definitions used when creating Mixer templates" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/mixer/istio.mixer.v1.template.html">Template Metadata</a></li><li> <a title="Describes the base attribute vocabulary used for policy and control." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/mixer/attribute-vocabulary.html">Attribute Vocabulary</a></li><li> <a title="Mixer config expression language reference." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/mixer/expression-language.html">Expression Language</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Generated documentation for Mixer's adapters." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters">Adapters</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Adapter for circonus.com's monitoring solution." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/circonus.html">Circonus</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a dogstatsd agent for delivery to DataDog" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/datadog.html">Datadog</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that always returns a precondition denial." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/denier.html">Denier</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that delivers logs to a fluentd daemon." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/fluentd.html">Fluentd</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that extracts information from a Kubernetes environment." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/kubernetesenv.html">Kubernetes Env</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that performs whitelist or blacklist checks" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/list.html">List</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter for a simple in-memory quota management system." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/memquota.html">Memory quota</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that implements an Open Policy Agent engine" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/opa.html">OPA</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that exposes Istio metrics for ingestion by a Prometheus harvester." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/prometheus.html">Prometheus</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that exposes Istio's Role-Based Access Control model." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/rbac.html">RBAC</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter for a Redis-based quota management system." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/redisquota.html">Redis Quota</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that delivers logs and metrics to Google Service Control" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/servicecontrol.html">Service Control</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Papertrail and AppOptics backends" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/solarwinds.html">SolarWinds</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Stackdriver" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/stackdriver.html">Stackdriver</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a StatsD backend" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/statsd.html">StatsD</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter for outputting logs and metrics locally." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/adapters/stdio.html">Stdio</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Generated documentation for Mixer's Templates." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template">Templates</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="A template that represents a single API key." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/apikey.html">API Key</a></li><li> <a title="A template used to represent an access control query." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/authorization.html">Authorization</a></li><li> <a title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/checknothing.html">Check Nothing</a></li><li> <a title="A template that is used to control the production of Kubernetes-specific attributes." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/kubernetes.html">Kubernetes</a></li><li> <a title="A template designed to let you perform list checking operations." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/listentry.html">List Entry</a></li><li> <a title="A template that represents a single runtime log entry." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/logentry.html">Log Entry</a></li><li> <a title="A template that represents a single runtime metric." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/metric.html">Metric</a></li><li> <a title="A template that represents a quota allocation request" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/quota.html">Quota</a></li><li> <a title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/reportnothing.html">Report Nothing</a></li><li> <a title="A template used by the Google Service Control adapter." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/config/template/servicecontrolreport.html">Service Control Report</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes usage and options of the Istio commands and utilities." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands">Commands</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Istio Certificate Authority (CA)" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/istio_ca.html">istio_ca</a></li><li> <a title="Istio control interface" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/istioctl.html">istioctl</a></li><li> <a title="Utility to trigger direct calls to Mixer&#39;s API." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/mixc.html">mixc</a></li><li> <a title="Mixer is Istio&#39;s abstraction on top of infrastructure backends." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/mixs.html">mixs</a></li><li> <a title="Istio security per-node agent" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/node_agent.html">node_agent</a></li><li> <a title="Istio Pilot agent" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent.html">pilot-agent</a></li><li> <a title="Istio Pilot" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery.html">pilot-discovery</a></li><li> <a title="Kubernetes webhook for automatic Istio sidecar injection" href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/sidecar-injector.html">sidecar-injector</a></li></ul></li><li> <a title="How to write Istio config YAML content." href="/v0.6/docs/reference/writing-config.html">Writing Configuration</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></nav></div><div class="col-12 col-md-9 col-lg-7 col-xl-8"><p class="d-md-none"> <label class="sidebar-toggler" data-toggle="offcanvas"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i> </label></p><main role="main"><h1>Bookinfo</h1><p>This guide deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices which will be used to demonstrate various features of the Istio service mesh.</p><h2 id="overview">Overview</h2><p>In this guide we will deploy a simple application that displays information about a book, similar to a single catalog entry of an online book store. Displayed on the page is a description of the book, book details (ISBN, number of pages, and so on), and a few book reviews.</p><p>The Bookinfo application is broken into four separate microservices:</p><ul><li><em>productpage</em>. The productpage microservice calls the <em>details</em> and <em>reviews</em> microservices to populate the page.</li><li><em>details</em>. The details microservice contains book information.</li><li><em>reviews</em>. The reviews microservice contains book reviews. It also calls the <em>ratings</em> microservice.</li><li><em>ratings</em>. The ratings microservice contains book ranking information that accompanies a book review.</li></ul><p>There are 3 versions of the reviews microservice:</p><ul><li>Version v1 doesn’t call the ratings service.</li><li>Version v2 calls the ratings service, and displays each rating as 1 to 5 black stars.</li><li>Version v3 calls the ratings service, and displays each rating as 1 to 5 red stars.</li></ul><p>The end-to-end architecture of the application is shown below.</p><div class="figure" style="width: 80%;"><div class="wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio" style="padding-bottom: 68.52%"><figure> <a href="./img/bookinfo/noistio.svg"> <img class="element-to-stretch" src="./img/bookinfo/noistio.svg" alt="Bookinfo Application without Istio" title="Bookinfo Application without Istio" /> </a></figure></div><p>Bookinfo Application without Istio</p></div><p>This application is polyglot, i.e., the microservices are written in different languages. It’s worth noting that these services have no dependencies on Istio, but make an interesting service mesh example, particularly because of the multitude of services, languages and versions for the reviews service.</p><h2 id="before-you-begin">Before you begin</h2><p>If you haven’t already done so, setup Istio by following the instructions corresponding to your platform <a href="/v0.6/docs/setup/">installation guide</a>.</p><h2 id="deploying-the-application">Deploying the application</h2><p>To run the sample with Istio requires no changes to the application itself. Instead, we simply need to configure and run the services in an Istio-enabled environment, with Envoy sidecars injected along side each service. The needed commands and configuration vary depending on the runtime environment although in all cases the resulting deployment will look like this:</p><div class="figure" style="width: 80%;"><div class="wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio" style="padding-bottom: 59.08%"><figure> <a href="./img/bookinfo/withistio.svg"> <img class="element-to-stretch" src="./img/bookinfo/withistio.svg" alt="Bookinfo Application" title="Bookinfo Application" /> </a></figure></div><p>Bookinfo Application</p></div><p>All of the microservices will be packaged with an Envoy sidecar that intercepts incoming and outgoing calls for the services, providing the hooks needed to externally control, via the Istio control plane, routing, telemetry collection, and policy enforcement for the application as a whole.</p><p>To start the application, follow the instructions below corresponding to your Istio runtime environment.</p><h3 id="running-on-kubernetes">Running on Kubernetes</h3><blockquote><p>Note: If you use GKE, please ensure your cluster has at least 4 standard GKE nodes. If you use Minikube, please ensure you have at least 4GB RAM.</p></blockquote><ol><li><p>Change directory to the root of the Istio installation directory.</p></li><li><p>Bring up the application containers:</p><p>If you are using <a href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes/sidecar-injection.html#manual-sidecar-injection">manual sidecar injection</a>, use the following command instead:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>kubectl apply <span class="nt">-f</span> &lt;<span class="o">(</span>istioctl kube-inject <span class="nt">--debug</span> <span class="nt">-f</span> samples/bookinfo/kube/bookinfo.yaml<span class="o">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div><p>If you are using a cluster with <a href="/v0.6/docs/setup/kubernetes/sidecar-injection.html#automatic-sidecar-injection">automatic sidecar injection</a> enabled, simply deploy the services using <code class="highlighter-rouge">kubectl</code>:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>kubectl apply <span class="nt">-f</span> samples/bookinfo/kube/bookinfo.yaml
</code></pre></div></div><p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">istioctl kube-inject</code> command is used to manually modify the <code class="highlighter-rouge">bookinfo.yaml</code> file before creating the deployments as documented <a href="/v0.6/docs/reference/commands/istioctl.html#istioctl kube-inject">here</a>.</p><p>Either of the above commands launches all four microservices and creates the gateway ingress resource as illustrated in the above diagram. All 3 versions of the reviews service, v1, v2, and v3, are started.</p><blockquote><p>Note that in a realistic deployment, new versions of a microservice are deployed over time instead of deploying all versions simultaneously.</p></blockquote></li><li><p>Confirm all services and pods are correctly defined and running:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>kubectl get services
</code></pre></div></div><p>which produces the following output:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT<span class="o">(</span>S<span class="o">)</span> AGE
details 10.0.0.31 &lt;none&gt; 9080/TCP 6m
kubernetes 10.0.0.1 &lt;none&gt; 443/TCP 7d
productpage 10.0.0.120 &lt;none&gt; 9080/TCP 6m
ratings 10.0.0.15 &lt;none&gt; 9080/TCP 6m
reviews 10.0.0.170 &lt;none&gt; 9080/TCP 6m
</code></pre></div></div><p>and</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>kubectl get pods
</code></pre></div></div><p>which produces</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
details-v1-1520924117-48z17 2/2 Running 0 6m
productpage-v1-560495357-jk1lz 2/2 Running 0 6m
ratings-v1-734492171-rnr5l 2/2 Running 0 6m
reviews-v1-874083890-f0qf0 2/2 Running 0 6m
reviews-v2-1343845940-b34q5 2/2 Running 0 6m
reviews-v3-1813607990-8ch52 2/2 Running 0 6m
</code></pre></div></div></li></ol><h4 id="determining-the-ingress-ip-and-port">Determining the ingress IP and Port</h4><ol><li><p>If your Kubernetes cluster is running in an environment that supports external load balancers, the IP address of ingress can be obtained by the following command:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>kubectl get ingress <span class="nt">-o</span> wide
</code></pre></div></div><p>whose output should be similar to</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>NAME HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
gateway <span class="k">*</span> 130.211.10.121 80 1d
</code></pre></div></div><p>The address of the ingress service would then be</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GATEWAY_URL</span><span class="o">=</span>130.211.10.121:80
</code></pre></div></div></li><li><p><em>GKE:</em> Sometimes when the service is unable to obtain an external IP, <code class="highlighter-rouge">kubectl get ingress -o wide</code> may display a list of worker node addresses. In this case, you can use any of the addresses, along with the NodePort, to access the ingress. If the cluster has a firewall, you will also need to create a firewall rule to allow TCP traffic to the NodePort.</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GATEWAY_URL</span><span class="o">=</span>&lt;workerNodeAddress&gt;:<span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get svc istio-ingress <span class="nt">-n</span> istio-system <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="nv">jsonpath</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}'</span><span class="k">)</span>
gcloud compute firewall-rules create allow-book <span class="nt">--allow</span> tcp:<span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get svc istio-ingress <span class="nt">-n</span> istio-system <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="nv">jsonpath</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}'</span><span class="k">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div></li><li><p><em>IBM Cloud Container Service Free Tier:</em> External load balancer is not available for kubernetes clusters in the free tier. You can use the public IP of the worker node, along with the NodePort, to access the ingress. The public IP of the worker node can be obtained from the output of the following command:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>bx cs workers &lt;cluster-name or id&gt;
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GATEWAY_URL</span><span class="o">=</span>&lt;public IP of the worker node&gt;:<span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get svc istio-ingress <span class="nt">-n</span> istio-system <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="nv">jsonpath</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}'</span><span class="k">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div></li><li><p><em>IBM Cloud Private:</em> External load balancers are not supported in IBM Cloud Private. You can use the host IP of the ingress service, along with the NodePort, to access the ingress.</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GATEWAY_URL</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get po <span class="nt">-l</span> <span class="nv">istio</span><span class="o">=</span>ingress <span class="nt">-n</span> istio-system <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="s1">'jsonpath={.items[0].status.hostIP}'</span><span class="k">)</span>:<span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get svc istio-ingress <span class="nt">-n</span> istio-system <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="s1">'jsonpath={.spec.ports[0].nodePort}'</span><span class="k">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div></li><li><p><em>Minikube:</em> External load balancers are not supported in Minikube. You can use the host IP of the ingress service, along with the NodePort, to access the ingress.</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GATEWAY_URL</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get po <span class="nt">-l</span> <span class="nv">istio</span><span class="o">=</span>ingress <span class="nt">-n</span> istio-system <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="s1">'jsonpath={.items[0].status.hostIP}'</span><span class="k">)</span>:<span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get svc istio-ingress <span class="nt">-n</span> istio-system <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="s1">'jsonpath={.spec.ports[0].nodePort}'</span><span class="k">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div></li></ol><h3 id="running-on-docker-with-consul-or-eureka">Running on Docker with Consul or Eureka</h3><ol><li><p>Change directory to the root of the Istio installation directory.</p></li><li><p>Bring up the application containers.</p><ul><li>To test with Consul, run the following commands:<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker-compose <span class="nt">-f</span> samples/bookinfo/consul/bookinfo.yaml up <span class="nt">-d</span>
docker-compose <span class="nt">-f</span> samples/bookinfo/consul/bookinfo.sidecars.yaml up <span class="nt">-d</span>
</code></pre></div></div></li><li>To test with Eureka, run the following commands:<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker-compose <span class="nt">-f</span> samples/bookinfo/eureka/bookinfo.yaml up <span class="nt">-d</span>
docker-compose <span class="nt">-f</span> samples/bookinfo/eureka/bookinfo.sidecars.yaml up <span class="nt">-d</span>
</code></pre></div></div></li></ul></li><li><p>Confirm that all docker containers are running:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker ps <span class="nt">-a</span>
</code></pre></div></div><blockquote><p>If the Istio Pilot container terminates, re-run the command from the previous step.</p></blockquote></li><li><p>Set the GATEWAY_URL:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GATEWAY_URL</span><span class="o">=</span>localhost:9081
</code></pre></div></div></li></ol><h2 id="whats-next">What’s next</h2><p>To confirm that the Bookinfo application is running, run the following <code class="highlighter-rouge">curl</code> command:</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>curl <span class="nt">-o</span> /dev/null <span class="nt">-s</span> <span class="nt">-w</span> <span class="s2">"%{http_code}</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">"</span> http://<span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">GATEWAY_URL</span><span class="k">}</span>/productpage
</code></pre></div></div><div class="highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>200
</code></pre></div></div><p>You can also point your browser to <code class="highlighter-rouge">http://$GATEWAY_URL/productpage</code> to view the Bookinfo web page. If you refresh the page several times, you should see different versions of reviews shown in productpage, presented in a round robin style (red stars, black stars, no stars), since we haven’t yet used Istio to control the version routing.</p><p>You can now use this sample to experiment with Istio’s features for traffic routing, fault injection, rate limitting, etc.. To proceed, refer to one or more of the <a href="/v0.6/docs/guides">Istio Guides</a>, depending on your interest. <a href="/v0.6/docs/guides/intelligent-routing.html">Intelligent Routing</a> is a good place to start for beginners.</p><h2 id="cleanup">Cleanup</h2><p>When you’re finished experimenting with the Bookinfo sample, you can uninstall and clean it up using the following instructions.</p><h3 id="uninstall-from-kubernetes-environment">Uninstall from Kubernetes environment</h3><ol><li><p>Delete the routing rules and terminate the application pods</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>samples/bookinfo/kube/cleanup.sh
</code></pre></div></div></li><li><p>Confirm shutdown</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>istioctl get routerules <span class="c">#-- there should be no more routing rules</span>
kubectl get pods <span class="c">#-- the Bookinfo pods should be deleted</span>
</code></pre></div></div></li></ol><h3 id="uninstall-from-docker-environment">Uninstall from Docker environment</h3><ol><li><p>Delete the routing rules and application containers</p><ol><li>In a Consul setup, run the following command:</li></ol><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>samples/bookinfo/consul/cleanup.sh
</code></pre></div></div><ol><li>In a Eureka setup, run the following command:</li></ol><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>samples/bookinfo/eureka/cleanup.sh
</code></pre></div></div></li><li><p>Confirm cleanup</p><div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>istioctl get routerules <span class="c">#-- there should be no more routing rules</span>
docker ps <span class="nt">-a</span> <span class="c">#-- the Bookinfo containers should be deleted</span>
</code></pre></div></div></li></ol></main></div><div class="col-12 col-md-2 d-none d-lg-block"><nav class="toc"><div class="spacer"></div><div class="directory" role="directory"><ul><li><a href="#overview">Overview</a></li><li><a href="#before-you-begin">Before you begin</a></li><li><a href="#deploying-the-application">Deploying the application</a><ul><li><a href="#running-on-kubernetes">Running on Kubernetes</a><ul><li><a href="#determining-the-ingress-ip-and-port">Determining the ingress IP and Port</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#running-on-docker-with-consul-or-eureka">Running on Docker with Consul or Eureka</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#whats-next">What’s next</a></li><li><a href="#cleanup">Cleanup</a><ul><li><a href="#uninstall-from-kubernetes-environment">Uninstall from Kubernetes environment</a></li><li><a href="#uninstall-from-docker-environment">Uninstall from Docker environment</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></nav></div></div></div><div class="footer"><footer><div class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><div class="col-sm-2"></div><nav class=" col-12 col-sm-3" role="navigation"><ul class="first"><li><a class="header" href="/v0.6/docs/">Docs</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/docs/concepts/">Concepts</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/docs/setup/">Setup</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/docs/tasks/">Tasks</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/docs/guides/">Guides</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/docs/reference/">Reference</a></li></ul></nav><nav class="col-12 col-sm-3" role="navigation"><ul><li><a class="header" href="/v0.6/help/">Help</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/help/faq/index.html">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/help/glossary.html">Glossary</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/help/troubleshooting.html">Troubleshooting</a></li><li><a href="/v0.6/help/bugs.html">Report Bugs</a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/istio/istio.github.io/issues/new?title=Issue with _docs/guides/bookinfo.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Doc Bugs & Gaps</a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/istio/istio.github.io/edit/master/_docs/guides/bookinfo.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Edit This Page</a></li></ul></nav><nav class="col-12 col-sm-3" role="navigation"><ul><li><a class="header" href="/v0.6/community.html">Community</a></li><li> <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/istio-users" target="_blank" rel="noopener">User</a> | <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/istio-dev" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dev Mailing Lists</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/IstioMesh" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/istio" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Stack Overflow</a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/istio/community/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GitHub</a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/istio/community/blob/master/WORKING-GROUPS.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Working Groups</a></li></ul></nav></div><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><p class="description text-center" role="contentinfo"> Istio Archive 0.6, Copyright &copy; 2018 Istio Authors<br> Archived on 02-Apr-2018</p></div></div></div></footer></div><script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.12.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha384-ApNbgh9B+Y1QKtv3Rn7W3mgPxhU9K/ScQsAP7hUibX39j7fakFPskvXusvfa0b4Q" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-JZR6Spejh4U02d8jOt6vLEHfe/JQGiRRSQQxSfFWpi1MquVdAyjUar5+76PVCmYl" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/clipboard.js/1.7.1/clipboard.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.google.com/cse/brand?form=searchbox"></script> <script src="/v0.6/js/misc.min.js"></script></body></html>
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