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<a title="A broad overview of the Istio system." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/">What is Istio? </a>
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<a title="Provides a conceptual overview of traffic management in Istio and the features it enables." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/traffic-management/overview/">Overview</a>
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<a title="Introduces Pilot, the component responsible for managing a distributed deployment of Envoy proxies in the service mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/traffic-management/pilot/">Pilot</a>
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<a title="Describes how requests are routed between services in an Istio service mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/traffic-management/request-routing/">Request Routing</a>
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<a title="Describes how traffic is load balanced across instances of a service in the mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/traffic-management/load-balancing/">Discovery &amp; Load Balancing</a>
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<a title="An overview of failure recovery capabilities in Envoy that can be leveraged by unmodified applications to improve robustness and prevent cascading failures." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/traffic-management/handling-failures/">Handling Failures</a>
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<a title="Introduces the idea of systematic fault injection that can be used to uncover conflicting failure recovery policies across services." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/traffic-management/fault-injection/">Fault Injection</a>
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<a title="Provides a high-level overview of the configuration model used by Istio to configure traffic management rules in the service mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/traffic-management/rules-configuration/">Rules Configuration</a>
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<a title="Describes Istio&#39;s authorization and authentication functionality." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/security/">Security </a>
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<a title="Describes Istio&#39;s authentication policy" href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/security/authn-policy/">Authentication Policy</a>
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<a title="Describes Istio&#39;s mutual TLS authentication architecture which provides a strong service identity and secure communication channels between services." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/security/mutual-tls/">Mutual TLS Authentication</a>
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<a title="Describes Istio RBAC which provides access control for services in Istio Mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/security/rbac/">Istio Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)</a>
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<a title="Introduces the policy control snd telemetry collection mechanisms." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/policies-and-telemetry/">Policies and Telemetry </a>
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<a title="Describes the design of the policy and telemetry mechanisms." href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/policies-and-telemetry/overview/">Overview</a>
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<span class="current" title="An overview of the key concepts used to configure Istio&#39;s policy enforcement and telemetry collection features.">Configuration</span>
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Setup
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<a title="Instructions for installing the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href="/v0.8/docs/setup/kubernetes/sidecar-injection/">Installing the Istio Sidecar</a>
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<a title="Instructions for integrating VMs and bare metal hosts into an Istio mesh deployed on Kubernetes." href="/v0.8/docs/setup/kubernetes/mesh-expansion/">Mesh Expansion</a>
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<a title="Install Istio with multicluster support." href="/v0.8/docs/setup/kubernetes/multicluster-install/">Istio Multicluster</a>
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<a title="This guide demonstrates how to upgrade the Istio control plane and data plane independently." href="/v0.8/docs/setup/kubernetes/upgrading-istio/">Upgrading Istio</a>
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<a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh with Docker Compose." href="/v0.8/docs/setup/consul/quick-start/">Quick Start on Docker</a>
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<a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul based environment, with or without Nomad." href="/v0.8/docs/setup/consul/install/">Installation</a>
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<a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in an Eureka based environment." href="/v0.8/docs/setup/eureka/install/">Installation</a>
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Tasks
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<a title="Describes tasks that demonstrate traffic routing features of Istio service mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/">Traffic Management </a>
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<a title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing based on weights and HTTP headers." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing/">Configuring Request Routing</a>
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<a title="This task shows how to inject delays and test the resiliency of your application." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection/">Fault Injection</a>
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<a title="Shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting/">Traffic Shifting</a>
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<a title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts/">Setting Request Timeouts</a>
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<a title="Describes how to configure Istio to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/">Control Ingress Traffic</a>
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<a title="Describes how to configure Istio to expose a service outside of the service mesh, over TLS or Mutual TLS." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/secure-ingress/">Securing Gateways with HTTPS</a>
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<a title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/">Control Egress Traffic</a>
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<a title="Describes how to configure Istio to perform TLS origination for traffic to external services" href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress-tls-origination/">TLS Origination for Egress Traffic</a>
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<a title="Describes how to configure Istio to direct traffic to external services through a dedicated gateway service" href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress-gateway/">Configure an Egress Gateway</a>
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<a title="This task demonstrates the circuit-breaking capability for resilient applications" href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking/">Circuit Breaking</a>
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<a title="This task demonstrates the traffic shadowing/mirroring capabilities of Istio" href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring/">Mirroring</a>
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<a title="Demonstrates how to secure the mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/">Security </a>
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<a title="Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/authn-policy/">Basic Authentication Policy</a>
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<a title="Shows you how to verify and test Istio&#39;s automatic mutual TLS authentication." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/mutual-tls/">Testing Mutual TLS</a>
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<a title="Shows how to control access to a service using the Kubernetes labels." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/basic-access-control/">Basic Access Control</a>
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<a title="Shows how to securely control access to a service using service accounts." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/secure-access-control/">Secure Access Control</a>
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<a title="Shows how to set up role-based access control for services in Istio mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/role-based-access-control/">Role-Based Access Control</a>
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<a title="Shows how operators can configure Citadel with existing root certificate, signing certificate and key." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/plugin-ca-cert/">Plugging in external CA key and certificate</a>
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<li>
<a title="Shows how to enable Citadel health checking with Kubernetes." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/health-check/">Citadel health checking</a>
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<a title="Shows how to enable mutual TLS on HTTPS services." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/security/https-overlay/">Mutual TLS over HTTPS</a>
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<a title="Demonstrates policy enforcement features." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/">Policies </a>
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<li>
<a title="This task shows you how to use Istio to dynamically limit the traffic to a service." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/rate-limiting/">Enabling Rate Limits</a>
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<a title="Demonstrates how to collect telemetry information from the mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/">Telemetry </a>
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<li>
<a title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin or Jaeger" href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/">Distributed Tracing</a>
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<a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics and logs." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics-logs/">Collecting Metrics and Logs</a>
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<a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/tcp-metrics/">Collecting Metrics for TCP services</a>
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<a title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/querying-metrics/">Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/using-istio-dashboard/">Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="This task shows you how to generate a graph of services within an Istio mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/servicegraph/">Generating a Service Graph</a>
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<a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to log to a Fluentd daemon" href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/fluentd/">Logging with Fluentd</a>
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Guides
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<li>
<a title="This guide deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices which will be used to demonstrate various features of the Istio service mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/guides/bookinfo/">Bookinfo Sample Application</a>
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<a title="This guide demonstrates how to use various traffic management capabilities of an Istio service mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/guides/intelligent-routing/">Intelligent Routing</a>
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<a title="This sample demonstrates how to obtain uniform metrics, logs, traces across different services using Istio Mixer and Istio sidecar." href="/v0.8/docs/guides/telemetry/">In-Depth Telemetry</a>
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<a title="Explains how to manually integrate Google Cloud Endpoints services with Istio." href="/v0.8/docs/guides/endpoints/">Install Istio for Google Cloud Endpoints Services</a>
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<a title="This sample deploys the Bookinfo services across Kubernetes and a set of virtual machines, and illustrates how to use the Istio service mesh to control this infrastructure as a single mesh." href="/v0.8/docs/guides/integrating-vms/">Integrating Virtual Machines</a>
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Performance and Scalability
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<a title="Provides a conceptual introduction to Istio&#39;s Performance and Scalability" href="/v0.8/docs/performance-and-scalability/overview/">Overview</a>
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<a title="Performance measurement through code level micro-benchmarks." href="/v0.8/docs/performance-and-scalability/microbenchmarks/">Micro Benchmarks</a>
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<a title="The different scenarios we are tracking for performance and scalability." href="/v0.8/docs/performance-and-scalability/scenarios/">Testing scenarios</a>
</li>
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<a title="Fortio is our simple synthetic http and grpc benchmarking tool." href="/v0.8/docs/performance-and-scalability/synthetic-benchmarks/">Synthetic End to End benchmarks</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Performance measurement through realistic micro service application tests." href="/v0.8/docs/performance-and-scalability/realistic-app-benchmark/">Realistic Application Benchmark</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="How we ensure performance is tracked and improves or does not regress across releases." href="/v0.8/docs/performance-and-scalability/performance-testing-automation/">Automation</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Setup of Istio components to scale horizontally. High availability. Sizing guide." href="/v0.8/docs/performance-and-scalability/scalability/">Scalability and Sizing Guide</a>
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<a title="Detailed information on configuration options." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/">Configuration </a>
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<a title="Describes how to configure Istio&#39;s policy and telemetry features." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/">Policies and Telemetry </a>
</label>
<ul class="tree collapse">
<li>
<a title="Describes the base attribute vocabulary used for policy and control." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/attribute-vocabulary/">Attribute Vocabulary</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Mixer config expression language reference." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/expression-language/">Expression Language</a>
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<a title="Mixer adapters allow Istio to interface to a variety of infrastructure backends for such things as metrics and logs." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/">Adapters </a>
</label>
<ul class="tree collapse">
<li>
<a title="Adapter for circonus.com&#39;s monitoring solution." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/circonus/">Circonus</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter for cloudwatch metrics." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudwatch/">CloudWatch</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a dogstatsd agent for delivery to DataDog" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/datadog/">Datadog</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter that always returns a precondition denial." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/denier/">Denier</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter that delivers logs to a fluentd daemon." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/fluentd/">Fluentd</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter that extracts information from a Kubernetes environment." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/kubernetesenv/">Kubernetes Env</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter that performs whitelist or blacklist checks" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/list/">List</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter for a simple in-memory quota management system." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/memquota/">Memory quota</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter that implements an Open Policy Agent engine" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/opa/">OPA</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter that exposes Istio metrics for ingestion by a Prometheus harvester." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/prometheus/">Prometheus</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter that exposes Istio&#39;s Role-Based Access Control model." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/rbac/">RBAC</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter for a Redis-based quota management system." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/redisquota/">Redis Quota</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter that delivers logs and metrics to Google Service Control" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/servicecontrol/">Service Control</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Papertrail and AppOptics backends" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/solarwinds/">SolarWinds</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Stackdriver" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stackdriver/">Stackdriver</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a StatsD backend" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/statsd/">StatsD</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Adapter for outputting logs and metrics locally." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stdio/">Stdio</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Default Metrics exported from Istio through Mixer." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/metrics/">Default Metrics</a>
</li>
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<a title="Mixer templates are used to send data to individual adapters." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/">Templates </a>
</label>
<ul class="tree collapse">
<li>
<a title="A template that represents a single API key." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/apikey/">API Key</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template used to represent an access control query." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/authorization/">Authorization</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/checknothing/">Check Nothing</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template that is used to control the production of Kubernetes-specific attributes." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/kubernetes/">Kubernetes</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template designed to let you perform list checking operations." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/listentry/">List Entry</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template that represents a single runtime log entry." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/logentry/">Log Entry</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template that represents a single runtime metric." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/metric/">Metric</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template that represents a quota allocation request" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/quota/">Quota</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/reportnothing/">Report Nothing</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="A template used by the Google Service Control adapter." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/servicecontrolreport/">Service Control Report</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Describes the rules used to configure Mixer&#39;s policy and telemetry features." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.policy.v1beta1/">Rules</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Configuration for Role Based Access Control" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/istio.rbac.v1alpha1/">RBAC</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Configuration affecting traffic routing" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/istio.routing.v1alpha1/">Route Rules v1alpha1 (deprecated)</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Configuration affecting traffic routing" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/istio.networking.v1alpha3/">Route Rules v1alpha3</a>
</li>
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<a title="Istio Certificate Authority (CA)" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/commands/istio_ca/">istio_ca</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Istio control interface" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/commands/istioctl/">istioctl</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Utility to trigger direct calls to Mixer&amp;#39;s API." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/commands/mixc/">mixc</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Mixer is Istio&amp;#39;s abstraction on top of infrastructure backends." href="/v0.8/docs/reference/commands/mixs/">mixs</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Istio security per-node agent" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/commands/node_agent/">node_agent</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Istio Pilot agent" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent/">pilot-agent</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Istio Pilot" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery/">pilot-discovery</a>
</li>
<li>
<a title="Kubernetes webhook for automatic Istio sidecar injection" href="/v0.8/docs/reference/commands/sidecar-injector/">sidecar-injector</a>
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<h1 id="title">Configuration</h1>
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<ul>
<li><a href="#attributes">Attributes</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#attribute-vocabulary">Attribute vocabulary</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#configuration-model">Configuration model</a></li>
<li><a href="#handlers">Handlers</a></li>
<li><a href="#instances">Instances</a></li>
<li><a href="#rules">Rules</a></li>
<li><a href="#attribute-expressions">Attribute expressions</a></li>
<li><a href="#whats-next">What's next</a></li>
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<p>Istio's policy and telemetry features are configured through a common model designed to
put operators in control of every aspect of authorization policy and telemetry collection.
Specific focus was given to keeping the model as simple and possible, while being powerful
enough to control Istio's many features at scale.</p>
<h2 id="attributes">Attributes</h2>
<p>Attributes are an essential concept to Istio's policy and telemetry functionality.
An attribute is a small bit of data that describes a single property of a specific
service request or the environment for the request. For example, an attribute can
specify the size of a specific request, the response code for an operation, the IP
address where a request came from, etc.</p>
<p>Each attribute has a name and a type. The type defines the kind of data that the attribute holds. For
example, an attribute can have a <code>STRING</code> type which means it has a textual value, or it can have an <code>INT64</code>
type indicating it has a 64 bit integer value.</p>
<p>Here are some example attributes with their associated values:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-plain" data-lang="plain">request.path: xyz/abc
request.size: 234
request.time: 12:34:56.789 04/17/2017
source.ip: 192.168.0.1
destination.service: example
</code></pre></div><p>Mixer is the Istio component that implements policy and telemetry functionality.
Mixer is in essence an attribute processing machine. The Envoy sidecar invokes Mixer for
every request, giving Mixer a set of attributes that describe the request and the environment
around the request. Based on its configuration and the specific set of attributes it was
given, Mixer generates calls to a variety of infrastructure backends.</p>
<figure style="width: 60%">
<div class="wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio" style="padding-bottom: 42.60%">
<a class="not-for-endnotes" href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/policies-and-telemetry/img/machine.svg">
<img class="element-to-stretch" src="/v0.8/docs/concepts/policies-and-telemetry/img/machine.svg" alt="Attribute Machine" title="Attribute Machine" />
</a>
</div>
<figcaption>Attribute Machine</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3 id="attribute-vocabulary">Attribute vocabulary</h3>
<p>A given Istio deployment has a fixed vocabulary of attributes that it understands.
The specific vocabulary is determined by the set of attribute producers being used
in the deployment. The primary attribute producer in Istio is Envoy, although
specialized Mixer adapters can also generate attributes.</p>
<p>The common baseline set of attributes available in most Istio deployments is defined
<a href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/attribute-vocabulary/">here</a>.</p>
<h2 id="configuration-model">Configuration model</h2>
<p>Controlling the policy and telemetry features involves configuring three types of resources:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Configuring a set of <em>handlers</em>, which determine the set of adapters that
are being used and how they operate. Providing a <code>statsd</code> adapter with the IP
address for a statsd backend is an example of handler configuration.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Configuring a set of <em>instances</em>, which describe how to map request attributes into adapter inputs.
Instances represent a chunk of data that one or more adapters will operate
on. For example, an operator may decide to generate <code>requestcount</code>
metric instances from attributes such as <code>destination.service</code> and
<code>response.code</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Configuring a set of <em>rules</em>, which describe when a particular adapter is called and which instances
it is given. Rules consist of a <em>match</em> expression and <em>actions</em>. The match expression controls
when to invoke an adapter, while the actions determine the set of instances to give to the adapter.
For example, a rule might send generated <code>requestcount</code> metric instances to a <code>statsd</code> adapter.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Configuration is based on <em>adapters</em> and <em>templates</em>:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Adapters</strong> encapsulate the logic necessary to interface Mixer with a specific infrastructure backend.</li>
<li><strong>Templates</strong> define the schema for specifying request mapping from attributes to adapter inputs.
A given adapter may support any number of templates.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="handlers">Handlers</h2>
<p>Adapters encapsulate the logic necessary to interface Mixer with specific external infrastructure
backends such as <a href="https://prometheus.io">Prometheus</a> or <a href="https://cloud.google.com/logging">Stackdriver</a>.
Individual adapters generally need operational parameters in order to do their work. For example, a logging adapter may require
the IP address and port of the log sink.</p>
<p>Here is an example showing how to configure an adapter of kind = <code>listchecker</code>. The listchecker adapter checks an input value against a list.
If the adapter is configured for a whitelist, it returns success if the input value is found in the list.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml">apiVersion: config.istio.io/v1alpha2
kind: listchecker
metadata:
name: staticversion
namespace: istio-system
spec:
providerUrl: http://white_list_registry/
blacklist: <span style="color:#66d9ef">false</span>
</code></pre></div><p><code>{metadata.name}.{kind}.{metadata.namespace}</code> is the fully qualified name of a handler. The fully qualified name of the above handler is
<code>staticversion.listchecker.istio-system</code> and it must be unique.
The schema of the data in the <code>spec</code> stanza depends on the specific adapter being configured.</p>
<p>Some adapters implement functionality that goes beyond connecting Mixer to a backend.
For example, the <code>prometheus</code> adapter consumes metrics and aggregates them as distributions or counters in a configurable way.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml">apiVersion: config.istio.io/v1alpha2
kind: prometheus
metadata:
name: handler
namespace: istio-system
spec:
metrics:
- name: request_count
instance_name: requestcount.metric.istio-system
kind: COUNTER
label_names:
- destination_service
- destination_version
- response_code
- name: request_duration
instance_name: requestduration.metric.istio-system
kind: DISTRIBUTION
label_names:
- destination_service
- destination_version
- response_code
buckets:
explicit_buckets:
bounds: [<span style="color:#ae81ff">0.005</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0.01</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0.025</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0.05</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0.1</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0.25</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0.5</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">1</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">2.5</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">5</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">10</span>]
</code></pre></div><p>Each adapter defines its own particular format of configuration data. The exhaustive set of
adapters and their specific configuration formats can be found <a href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/">here</a>.</p>
<h2 id="instances">Instances</h2>
<p>Instance configuration specifies the request mapping from attributes to adapter inputs.
The following is an example of a metric instance configuration that produces the <code>requestduration</code> metric.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml">apiVersion: config.istio.io/v1alpha2
kind: metric
metadata:
name: requestduration
namespace: istio-system
spec:
value: response.duration | <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;0ms&#34;</span>
dimensions:
destination_service: destination.service | <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;unknown&#34;</span>
destination_version: destination.labels[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;version&#34;</span>] | <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;unknown&#34;</span>
response_code: response.code | <span style="color:#ae81ff">200</span>
monitored_resource_type: <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;&#34;UNSPECIFIED&#34;&#39;</span>
</code></pre></div><p>Note that all the dimensions expected in the handler configuration are specified in the mapping.
Templates define the specific required content of individual instances. The exhaustive set of
templates and their specific configuration formats can be found <a href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/">here</a>.</p>
<h2 id="rules">Rules</h2>
<p>Rules specify when a particular handler is invoked with a specific instance.
Consider an example where you want to deliver the <code>requestduration</code> metric to the prometheus handler if
the destination service is <code>service1</code> and the <code>x-user</code> request header has a specific value.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml">apiVersion: config.istio.io/v1alpha2
kind: rule
metadata:
name: promhttp
namespace: istio-system
spec:
match: destination.service == <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;service1.ns.svc.cluster.local&#34;</span> <span style="color:#75715e">&amp;&amp;</span> request.headers[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;x-user&#34;</span>] == <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;user1&#34;</span>
actions:
- handler: handler.prometheus
instances:
- requestduration.metric.istio-system
</code></pre></div><p>A rule contains a <code>match</code> predicate expression and a list of actions to perform if the predicate is true.
An action specifies the list of instances to be delivered to a handler.
A rule must use the fully qualified names of handlers and instances.
If the rule, handlers, and instances are all in the same namespace, the namespace suffix can be elided from the fully qualified name as seen in <code>handler.prometheus</code>.</p>
<h2 id="attribute-expressions">Attribute expressions</h2>
<p>Attribute expressions are used when configuring instances.
You have already seen a few simple attribute expressions in the previous examples:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml">destination_service: destination.service
response_code: response.code
destination_version: destination.labels[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;version&#34;</span>] | <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;unknown&#34;</span>
</code></pre></div><p>The sequences on the right-hand side of the colons are the simplest forms of attribute expressions.
The first two only consist of attribute names. The <code>response_code</code> label is assigned the value from the <code>request.code</code> attribute.</p>
<p>Here's an example of a conditional expression:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml">destination_version: destination.labels[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;version&#34;</span>] | <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;unknown&#34;</span>
</code></pre></div><p>With the above, the <code>destination_version</code> label is assigned the value of <code>destination.labels[&quot;version&quot;]</code>. However if that attribute
is not present, the literal <code>&quot;unknown&quot;</code> is used.</p>
<p>Refer to the <a href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/expression-language/">attribute expression reference</a> for details.</p>
<h2 id="whats-next">What's next</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Learn how to <a href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/telemetry/">configure telemetry collection</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Learn how to <a href="/v0.8/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/">configure policy enforcement</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Learn about the set of <a href="/v0.8/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/">supported adapters</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>See the blog post describing <a href="/v0.8/blog/2017/adapter-model/">Mixer's adapter model</a>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
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