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<li>
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<span class="current" title="A glossary of common Istio terms.">Glossary</span>
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<a title="Practical advice on practical problems with Istio" href="/v0.8/help/troubleshooting/">Troubleshooting Guide</a>
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<main aria-labelledby="title">
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<h1 id="title">Glossary</h1>
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<p>Common Istio words and phrases. Please <a href="https://github.com/istio/istio.github.io/issues/new?title=Missing%20Glossary%20Entry">let us know</a> if you
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came here looking for a definition and didn't find it.</p>
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<a href="#A" aria-label="Words starting with the letter A">A</a>
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<a href="#D" aria-label="Words starting with the letter D">D</a>
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<a href="#E" aria-label="Words starting with the letter E">E</a>
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<a href="#M" aria-label="Words starting with the letter M">M</a>
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<a href="#P" aria-label="Words starting with the letter P">P</a>
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<a href="#S" aria-label="Words starting with the letter S">S</a>
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<a href="#W" aria-label="Words starting with the letter W">W</a>
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</div>
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<div class="entries">
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<h4 id="A">A</h4>
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<dl>
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<dt id="adapters">Adapters</dt>
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<dd aria-labelledby="adapters"><p>Adapters are plug-ins to Mixer to enable Mixer to interface with an open-ended
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set of infrastructure backends that deliver core functionality, such as logging,
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monitoring, quotas, ACL checking, and more.
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The exact set of adapters used at runtime is determined through configuration and can easily be
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extended to target new or custom infrastructure backends.</p>
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<p><a href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/policies-and-telemetry/overview/#adapters">Learn more about adapters</a>.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt id="attribute">Attribute</dt>
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<dd aria-labelledby="attribute"><p>Attributes control the runtime behavior of services running in the mesh.
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Attributes are named and typed pieces of metadata describing ingress and egress traffic and the
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environment this traffic occurs in. An Istio attribute carries a specific piece
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of information such as the error code of an API request, the latency of an API request, or the
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original IP address of a TCP connection. For example:</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml">request.path: xyz/abc
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request.size: <span style="color:#ae81ff">234</span>
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request.time: <span style="color:#ae81ff">12</span>:<span style="color:#ae81ff">34</span>:<span style="color:#ae81ff">56.789</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">04</span>/<span style="color:#ae81ff">17</span>/<span style="color:#ae81ff">2017</span>
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source.ip: <span style="color:#ae81ff">192.168</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">.0</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">.1</span>
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destination.service: example
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</code></pre></div></dd>
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</dl>
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<h4 id="D">D</h4>
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<dl>
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<dt id="destination">Destination</dt>
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<dd aria-labelledby="destination"><p>The remote upstream service <a href="#envoy">Envoy</a> is talking to on behalf of a <a href="#source">source</a> <a href="#workload">workload</a>.
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There can be one or more <a href="#service-version">service versions</a> for a given <a href="#service">service</a> and Envoy chooses the version based on
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routing rules.</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<h4 id="E">E</h4>
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<dl>
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<dt id="envoy">Envoy</dt>
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<dd aria-labelledby="envoy"><p>The high-performance proxy that Istio uses to mediate inbound and outbound traffic for all <a href="#service">services</a> in the
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<a href="#service-mesh">service mesh</a>. <a href="https://envoyproxy.github.io/envoy/">Learn more about Envoy</a>.</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<h4 id="M">M</h4>
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<dl>
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<dt id="mixer">Mixer</dt>
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<dd aria-labelledby="mixer"><p>The Istio component responsible for enforcing access control and usage policies across the <a href="#service-mesh">service mesh</a> and collecting telemetry data
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from <a href="#envoy">Envoy</a> and other services.
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<a href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/policies-and-telemetry/overview/">Learn more about Mixer</a>.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt id="mixer-handler">Mixer Handler</dt>
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<dd aria-labelledby="mixer-handler"><p>Handlers represent fully configured Mixer adapters. A single binary adapter can be used
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with different configurations, each such configuration is known as a handler. At
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runtime, Mixer routes <a href="#mixer-instance">instances</a> to one or more handlers.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt id="mixer-instance">Mixer Instance</dt>
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<dd aria-labelledby="mixer-instance"><p>An instance represents a chunk of Mixer data that is produced by inspecting a
|
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a set of request <a href="#attribute">attributes</a> and applying the operator-supplied configuration.
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Instances are delivered to individual <a href="#mixer-handler">handlers</a>, on their way to
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infrastructure backends.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt id="mutual-tls-authentication">Mutual TLS Authentication</dt>
|
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<dd aria-labelledby="mutual-tls-authentication"><p>Mutual TLS provides strong service-to-service authentication with built-in identity and credential management.
|
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<a href="/v0.8/docs/concepts/security/mutual-tls/">Learn more about mutual TLS authentication</a>.</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<h4 id="P">P</h4>
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<dl>
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<dt id="pilot">Pilot</dt>
|
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<dd aria-labelledby="pilot"><p>The Istio component that programs the <a href="#envoy">Envoy</a> proxies, responsible for service discovery, load balancing, and routing.</p>
|
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<h4 id="S">S</h4>
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<dl>
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<dt id="secure-naming">Secure Naming</dt>
|
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<dd aria-labelledby="secure-naming"><p>Provides a mapping between a <a href="#service-name">service name</a> and the <a href="#workload-principal">workload principals</a> that are authorized to
|
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run the <a href="#workload">workloads</a> implementing a <a href="#service">service</a>.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt id="service">Service</dt>
|
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<dd aria-labelledby="service"><p>A delineated group of related behaviors within a <a href="#service-mesh">service mesh</a>. Services are identified using a
|
|
<a href="#service-name">service name</a>,
|
|
and Istio policies such as load balancing and routing are applied using these names.
|
|
A service is typically materialized by one or more <a href="#service-endpoint">service endpoints</a>, and may consist of multiple
|
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<a href="#service-version">service versions</a>.</p>
|
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</dd>
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<dt id="service-consumer">Service Consumer</dt>
|
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<dd aria-labelledby="service-consumer"><p>The agent that is using a <a href="#service">service</a>.</p>
|
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</dd>
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<dt id="service-endpoint">Service Endpoint</dt>
|
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<dd aria-labelledby="service-endpoint"><p>The network-reachable manifestation of a <a href="#service">service</a>.
|
|
Service endpoints are exposed by <a href="#workload">workloads</a>. Not all services have service endpoints.</p>
|
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</dd>
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<dt id="service-mesh">Service Mesh</dt>
|
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<dd aria-labelledby="service-mesh"><p>A shared set of names and identities that allows for common policy enforcement and telemetry collection.
|
|
<a href="#service-name">Service names</a> and <a href="#workload-principal">workload principals</a> are unique within a service mesh.</p>
|
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</dd>
|
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|
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<dt id="service-name">Service Name</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="service-name"><p>A unique name for a <a href="#service">service</a>, identifying it within the <a href="#service-mesh">service mesh</a>.
|
|
A service may not be renamed and maintain its identity, each service name is unique.
|
|
A service may have multiple <a href="#service-version">versions</a>, but a service name is version-independent.</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>Service names are accessible in Istio configuration as the <code>source.service</code> and <code>destination.service</code> <a href="#attribute">attributes</a>.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
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|
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|
|
<dt id="service-operator">Service Operator</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="service-operator"><p>The agent that manages a <a href="#service">service</a> within a <a href="#service-mesh">service mesh</a> by manipulating configuration state
|
|
and monitoring the service's health via a variety of dashboards.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
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|
|
<dt id="service-producer">Service Producer</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="service-producer"><p>The agent that creates a <a href="#service">service</a>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
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|
|
<dt id="service-version">Service Version</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="service-version"><p>Distinct variants of a <a href="#service">service</a>, typically backed by a different versions of a <a href="#workload">workload</a> binary.
|
|
Common scenarios where multiple <a href="#service-version">service versions</a> may be used include A/B testing, canary rollouts, etc.
|
|
Each service has a default version.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
<dt id="source">Source</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="source"><p>The downstream client of the <a href="#envoy">Envoy</a> proxy.
|
|
Within the <a href="#service-mesh">service mesh</a> a source is typically a
|
|
<a href="#workload">workload</a>, but the source for ingress traffic may include other clients such as a
|
|
browser or mobile app.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
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|
|
|
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</dl>
|
|
|
|
<h4 id="W">W</h4>
|
|
<dl>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="workload">Workload</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="workload"><p>A process/binary deployed by operators in Istio, typically represented by entities such as containers, pods, or VMs.</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>A workload can expose zero or more <a href="#service-endpoint">service endpoints</a>.</li>
|
|
<li>A workload can consume zero or more <a href="#service">services</a>.</li>
|
|
<li>Each workload has a single canonical <a href="#service-name">service name</a> associated with it, but
|
|
may also represent additional service names.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="workload-id">Workload ID</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="workload-id"><p>A unique identifier for an individual instance of a <a href="#workload">workload</a>.
|
|
Like <a href="#workload-name">workload name</a>, the workload ID is not a strongly verified property and should not be used
|
|
when enforcing ACLs. The workload IDs are accessible in Istio configuration as the
|
|
<code>source.uid</code> and <code>destination.uid</code> <a href="#attribute">attributes</a>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="workload-name">Workload Name</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="workload-name"><p>A unique name for a <a href="#workload">workload</a>, identifying it within the <a href="#service-mesh">service mesh</a>.
|
|
Unlike the <a href="#service-name">service name</a> and the [workload principal], the workload name is not a
|
|
strongly verified property and should not be used when enforcing ACLs.
|
|
The workload names is accessible in Istio configuration as the <code>source.name</code> and <code>destination.name</code>
|
|
<a href="#attribute">attributes</a>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dt id="workload-principal">Workload Principal</dt>
|
|
<dd aria-labelledby="workload-principal"><p>Identifies the verifiable authority under which a <a href="#workload">workload</a> runs.
|
|
Istio's service-to-service authentication is used to produce the workload principal.
|
|
By default workload principals are compliant with the SPIFFE ID format.</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>Multiple <a href="#workload">workloads</a> may share the same workload principal, but each workload has a single canonical workload
|
|
principal</li>
|
|
<li>Workload principals are accessible in Istio configuration as the <code>source.user</code> and <code>destination.user</code> <a href="#attribute">attributes</a>.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
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</dl>
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</div>
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Istio
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Archive
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0.8<br>© 2018 Istio Authors, <a href="https://policies.google.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a><br>
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Archived on July 31, 2018
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c3.275-4.447,9.535-5.396,13.982-2.121L245,263.712l184.5-135.886c4.447-3.274,10.709-2.326,13.982,2.121
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c3.275,4.447,2.325,10.707-2.121,13.982L250.931,284.183C249.167,285.482,247.083,286.131,245,286.131z"/>
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</svg>
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</a>
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</div>
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<div class="icon">
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<span>github</span>
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<a title="GitHub is where development takes place on Istio code"
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href="https://github.com/istio/community" aria-label="GitHub">
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<svg viewBox="0 0 478.165 478.165">
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<path d="M349.22,55.768c6.136,14.046,10.241,37.556,4.224,54.69
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c24.426,20.999,33.073,71.904,21.079,113.704c35.006,2.73,76.666-1.235,103.642,9.484c-25.183-3.248-59.651-9.563-91.987-7.431
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c-6.136,0.458-15.361-0.239-14.903,8.408c37.735,3.008,75.092,6.117,105.894,15.779c-30.702-4.981-67.74-12.552-105.894-13.668
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c-15.54,30.921-47.239,46.262-90.991,49.49c4.682,10.261,13.847,14.066,15.879,30.702c3.267,24.406-4.881,60.328,3.208,76.686
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c4.064,7.89,10.579,8.009,14.863,14.604c-10.699,12.871-37.257-1.395-40.186-14.604c-5.14-22.852,7.89-58.256-6.415-73.737
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c0.996,24.865-5.718,59.85,0.996,82.145c2.789,8.806,10.659,12.113,8.647,20.063c-49.809,5.08-28.989-64.373-37.177-105.356
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c-7.471,0.697-4.204,11.197-4.224,15.76c-0.199,40.106,8.189,94.836-34.846,89.556c-1.315-8.348,5.838-11.217,8.467-19.007
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c7.91-22.434-1.454-56.045,2.112-83.161c-16.417,12.512,1.793,55.666-8.428,77.961c-5.838,12.671-24.785,18.27-39.19,12.651
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c1.873-9.464,11.695-7.989,15.879-16.875c5.818-12.452,0.02-30.244,2.092-48.494c-30.423,6.097-53.993-0.877-65.608-20.023
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c-5.12-8.507-6.356-18.708-12.632-26.219c-6.117-7.551-16.098-8.507-19.087-18.808c37.755-9.185,39.17,38.771,73.06,39.807
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c10.44,0.418,15.799-2.909,25.402-5.16c2.749-12.113,8.428-21.039,16.875-27.494c-42.078-5.658-76.865-18.788-93.023-50.466
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c-38.293,1.893-73.339,7.013-105.894,14.843c29.547-10.679,65.807-14.604,104.778-15.819c-2.351-13.807-22.434-10.022-34.866-9.543
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C47.677,227.17,18.449,230.138,0,233.645c26.817-9.543,64.233-8.348,100.454-8.428c-11.038-34.767-7.232-90.014,17.015-110.615
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c-6.854-17.254-4.722-45.346,4.184-58.834c27.036,1.175,43.374,12.891,60.388,24.247c21.019-6.017,43.035-9.045,71.904-7.451
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c12.133,0.677,24.705,6.097,33.731,5.32c8.906-0.877,18.728-10.898,27.534-14.843C326.507,58.099,336.17,56.206,349.22,55.768z"/>
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</svg>
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</a>
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</div>
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<div class="icon">
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<span>drive</span>
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<a title="Access our team drive if you'd like to take a look at the Istio technical design documents"
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href="https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/istio-team-drive-access" aria-label="team drive">
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<svg viewBox="0 0 207.027 207.027">
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<path d="M69.866,15.557L0,138.919l28.732,52.552l143.288-0.029l35.008-59.588L136.39,15.735L69.866,15.557z M17.166,139.046
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M163.434,176.443l-117.332,0.024l21.53-37.065l64.606,0.008l0.067,0.119l52.865-0.085L163.434,176.443z M140.932,124.411
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<div class="icon">
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<span>working groups</span>
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<a title="If you'd like to contribute to the Istio project, consider participating in our working groups"
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<path d="M77.976,228.568c0,0,36.801,1.492,36.801-52.068c0-23.82-12.434-36.182-36.801-36.182
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<path d="M143.065,253.329l-36.77-14.658l-8.609-7.256c-2.275-1.923-5.635-1.781-7.742,0.315l-11.971,11.904l-12.008-11.908
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c-2.109-2.094-5.465-2.229-7.736-0.312l-8.611,7.256l-36.77,14.66C1.006,258.045,1.018,299.977,0,303.827h155.93
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<path d="M361.878,228.568c0,0,36.801,1.492,36.801-52.068c0-23.82-12.434-36.182-36.801-36.182
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c-23.854,0-37.057,12.362-36.812,36.182C325.411,209.124,339.274,228.915,361.878,228.568z"/>
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<path d="M426.968,253.329l-36.77-14.658l-8.609-7.256c-2.273-1.923-5.635-1.781-7.742,0.315l-11.971,11.904l-12.008-11.908
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c-2.109-2.094-5.465-2.229-7.736-0.312l-8.61,7.256l-36.771,14.66c-11.842,4.715-11.83,46.646-12.848,50.497h155.93
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C438.817,299.988,438.812,258.042,426.968,253.329z"/>
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</svg>
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</a>
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</div>
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<div class="icon">
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<span>slack</span>
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<a title="Interactively discuss development issues with the Istio community on Slack (invitation-only)"
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href="https://istio.slack.com" aria-label="slack">
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<svg viewBox="0 0 31.444 31.443">
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<path d="M31.202,16.369c-0.62-1.388-2.249-2.011-3.637-1.391l-1.325,0.594l-3.396-7.591l1.325-0.592
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c1.388-0.622,2.01-2.25,1.389-3.637c-0.62-1.389-2.248-2.012-3.637-1.39l-1.324,0.593l-0.593-1.326
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c-0.621-1.388-2.249-2.009-3.637-1.388c-1.388,0.62-2.009,2.247-1.389,3.637l0.593,1.325L7.98,8.598L7.388,7.273
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c-0.621-1.39-2.249-2.009-3.637-1.39C2.363,6.504,1.742,8.132,2.362,9.52l0.592,1.324L1.63,11.438
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c-1.388,0.621-2.01,2.247-1.389,3.636c0.62,1.388,2.249,2.01,3.637,1.39l1.325-0.594l3.394,7.592l-1.325,0.592
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c-1.388,0.621-2.009,2.25-1.389,3.637c0.621,1.389,2.249,2.011,3.637,1.391l1.324-0.593l0.593,1.325
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c0.621,1.389,2.249,2.01,3.637,1.389c1.387-0.62,2.009-2.248,1.388-3.636l-0.591-1.326l7.591-3.394l0.592,1.321
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c0.621,1.391,2.248,2.013,3.637,1.392c1.388-0.619,2.01-2.248,1.389-3.637l-0.592-1.324l1.323-0.594
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C31.201,19.384,31.823,17.757,31.202,16.369z M13.623,21.215l-3.395-7.593l7.591-3.394l3.395,7.591L13.623,21.215z"/>
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<div class="tag row justify-content-end text-right">
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for developers
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