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<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/setup/getting-started class="btn btn--primary" id=try-istio>试用 Istio</a></div></div><form id=search-form class=search name=cse role=search><input type=hidden name=cx value=002184991200833970123:iwwf17ikgf4>
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<input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8>
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<button id=search-close title=取消搜索 type=reset aria-label=取消搜索><svg class="icon menu-close"><use xlink:href="/v1.12/img/icons.svg#menu-close"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><div class=banner-container></div><article class=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/BlogPosting><div class=header-content><h1>使用外部 MongoDB 服务</h1><p>描述了一个基于 Istio 的 Bookinfo 示例的简单场景。</p></div><p class=post-author>Nov 16, 2018 <span>|</span> By Vadim Eisenberg</p><div><p>在<a href=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/egress-tcp/>使用外部 TCP 服务</a>博文中，我描述了网格内的 Istio 应用程序如何通过 TCP 使用外部服务。在本文中，我将演示如何使用外部 MongoDB
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服务。您将使用 <a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Istio Bookinfo 示例应用程序</a>，它的书籍评级数据保存在 MongoDB 数据库中。您会将此数据库部署在集群外部，并配置 <code>ratings</code>
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微服务使用它。您将学习控制到外部 MongoDB 服务流量的多种选择及其利弊。</p><h2 id=Bookinfo-with-external-ratings-database>使用外部 ratings 数据库的 Bookinfo</h2><p>首先，在您的 Kubernetes 集群外部建立一个 MongoDB 数据库实例以保存书籍评级数据。然后修改 <a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo 示例应用程序</a>使用该数据库。</p><h3 id=setting-up-the-ratings-database>建立 ratings 数据库</h3><p>在这个任务中您将建立一个 <a href=https://www.mongodb.com>MongoDB</a> 实例。您可以使用任何 MongoDB 实例；我使用 <a href=https://www.ibm.com/cloud/compose/mongodb>Compose for MongoDB</a>。</p><ol><li><p>为 <code>admin</code> 用户的密码设置一个环境变量。为了避免密码被保存在 Bash 历史记录中，在运行命令之后，请立即使用 <a href=https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Bash-History-Builtins.html#Bash-History-Builtins>history -d</a> 将其从历史记录中删除。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ export MONGO_ADMIN_PASSWORD=<your MongoDB admin password>
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</code></pre></li><li><p>为需要创建的新用户（即 <code>bookinfo</code>）的密码设置环境变量，并使用 <a href=https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Bash-History-Builtins.html#Bash-History-Builtins>history -d</a> 将其从历史记录中删除。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ export BOOKINFO_PASSWORD=<password>
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</code></pre></li><li><p>为您的 MongoDB 服务设置环境变量 <code>MONGODB_HOST</code> 和 <code>MONGODB_PORT</code>。</p></li><li><p>创建 <code>bookinfo</code> 用户：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | mongo --ssl --sslAllowInvalidCertificates $MONGODB_HOST:$MONGODB_PORT -u admin -p $MONGO_ADMIN_PASSWORD --authenticationDatabase admin
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use test
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db.createUser(
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{
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user: "bookinfo",
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pwd: "$BOOKINFO_PASSWORD",
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roles: [ "read"]
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}
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);
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EOF
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</code></pre></li><li><p>创建一个 <em>collection</em> 来保存评级数据。以下命令将两个评级都设置为 <code>1</code>，以便在 Bookinfo <em>ratings</em> service 使用数据库时提供视觉验证（默认 Bookinfo <em>ratings</em>
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为 <code>4</code> 和 <code>5</code>）</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | mongo --ssl --sslAllowInvalidCertificates $MONGODB_HOST:$MONGODB_PORT -u admin -p $MONGO_ADMIN_PASSWORD --authenticationDatabase admin
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use test
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db.createCollection("ratings");
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db.ratings.insert(
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[{rating: 1},
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{rating: 1}]
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);
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EOF
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</code></pre></li><li><p>检查 <code>bookinfo</code> 用户是否可以获取评级数据:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | mongo --ssl --sslAllowInvalidCertificates $MONGODB_HOST:$MONGODB_PORT -u bookinfo -p $BOOKINFO_PASSWORD --authenticationDatabase test
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use test
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db.ratings.find({});
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EOF
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</code></pre></li></ol><p>输出应该类似于:</p><pre><code><pre><code class=language-plain data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>MongoDB server version: 3.4.10
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switched to db test
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{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b7c29efd7596e65b6ed2572"), "rating" : 1 }
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{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b7c29efd7596e65b6ed2573"), "rating" : 1 }
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bye
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</code></pre></code></pre><h3 id=Initial-setting-of-Bookinfo-application>Bookinfo 应用程序的初始设置</h3><p>为了演示使用外部数据库的场景，请首先运行一个<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/setup/getting-started/>安装了 Istio</a> 的 Kubernetes 集群。然后部署
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<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Istio Bookinfo 示例应用程序</a>并<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/#apply-default-destination-rules>应用默认 destination rules</a> 和<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-control/#change-to-the-blocking-by-default-policy>改变 Istio 到 blocking-egress-by-default 策略</a>。</p><p>此应用程序从 <code>ratings</code> 微服务获取书籍评级（1 到 5 的数字）。评级以星标形式显示每条评论。<code>ratings</code> 微服务有几个版本。在下一小节中，请部署使用 <a href=https://www.mongodb.com>MongoDB</a>
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作为 ratings 数据库的版本。</p><p>本博文中的示例命令适用于 Istio 1.0。</p><p>作为提醒，这是 <a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo 示例应用程序</a>的端到端架构。</p><figure style=width:80%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:59.086918235567985%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/withistio.svg title="The original Bookinfo application"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/withistio.svg alt="The original Bookinfo application"></a></div><figcaption>The original Bookinfo application</figcaption></figure><h3 id=use-the-external-database-in-Bookinfo-application>在 Bookinfo 应用程序中使用外部数据库</h3><ol><li><p>部署使用 MongoDB 数据库的 <em>ratings</em> 微服务（_ratings v2_）：</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo-ratings-v2.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f @samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo-ratings-v2.yaml@
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serviceaccount "bookinfo-ratings-v2" created
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deployment "ratings-v2" created
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</code></pre></div></li><li><p>为你的 MongoDB 设置 <code>MONGO_DB_URL</code> 环境变量：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl set env deployment/ratings-v2 "MONGO_DB_URL=mongodb://bookinfo:$BOOKINFO_PASSWORD@$MONGODB_HOST:$MONGODB_PORT/test?authSource=test&ssl=true"
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deployment.extensions/ratings-v2 env updated
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</code></pre></li><li><p>将所有到 <em>reviews</em> service 的流量路由到它的 <em>v3</em> 版本，以确保 <em>reviews</em> service 总是调用 <em>ratings</em> service。此外，将所有到 <code>ratings</code> service
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的流量路由到使用外部数据库的 _ratings v2_。</p></li></ol><p>通过添加两个 <a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/reference/config/networking/virtual-service/>virtual services</a> 来为以上两个 services 指定路由。这些 virtual service
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在 Istio 发布包中 <code>samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-ratings-mongodb.yaml</code> 有指定 。
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<strong><em>重要：</em></strong> 请确保在运行以下命令之前<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/#apply-default-destination-rules>应用了默认的 destination rules</a>。</p><pre><code><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-ratings-db.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f @samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-ratings-db.yaml@
|
||
</code></pre></div></code></pre><p>更新的架构如下所示。请注意，网格内的蓝色箭头标记对应于我们添加的 virtual service。根据 virtual service，流量将被发送到 <code>reviews v3</code> 和 <code>ratings v2</code>。</p><figure style=width:80%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:59.314858206480224%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/egress-mongo/bookinfo-ratings-v2-mongodb-external.svg title="The Bookinfo application with ratings v2 and an external MongoDB database"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/egress-mongo/bookinfo-ratings-v2-mongodb-external.svg alt="The Bookinfo application with ratings v2 and an external MongoDB database"></a></div><figcaption>The Bookinfo application with ratings v2 and an external MongoDB database</figcaption></figure><p>请注意，MongoDB 数据库位于 Istio 服务网格之外，或者更确切地说是在 Kubernetes 集群之外。服务网格的边界使用虚线标记。</p><h3 id=access-the-webpage>访问网页</h3><p><a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/examples/bookinfo/#determine-the-ingress-IP-and-port>确认 ingress IP 和端口之后</a>，访问应用程序的网页。</p><p>由于您尚未配置 egress 流量控制，所以 Istio 会阻止到 MongoDB 服务的访问。这就是为什么您当前不能看到评级的星标，只能看到 <em>“Ratings service is currently unavailable”</em> 的信息：</p><figure style=width:80%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:36.18705035971223%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/egress-mongo/errorFetchingBookRating.png title="The Ratings service error messages"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/egress-mongo/errorFetchingBookRating.png alt="The Ratings service error messages"></a></div><figcaption>The Ratings service error messages</figcaption></figure><p>在以下部分中，您将使用不同的 Istio egress 控制选项，配置对外部 MongoDB 服务的访问。</p><h2 id=egress-control-for-TCP>TCP 的 egress 控制</h2><p>由于 <a href=https://zh/docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/mongodb-wire-protocol/>MongoDB 协议</a>运行在 TCP 之上，您可以像控制到<a href=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/egress-tcp/>其余 TCP 服务</a>的流量一样控制到 MongoDB 的 egress 流量。为了控制 TCP 流量，您必须指定一个 <a href=https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2317>CIDR</a> 表示的 IP 块，该 IP 块包含 MongoDB 的地址。需要注意的是，有时候 MongoDB 主机的 IP 并不稳定或无法事先得知。</p><p>在 MongoDB IP 不稳定的情况下，可以以 <a href=#egress-control-for-TLS>TLS 方式控制</a> egress 流量，或绕过 Istio sidecar <a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-control/#direct-access-to-external-services>直接</a>路由流量。</p><p>获取 MongoDB 数据库实例的 IP 地址。一种选择是使用 <a href=https://linux.die.net/man/1/host>host</a> 命令。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ export MONGODB_IP=$(host $MONGODB_HOST | grep " has address " | cut -d" " -f4)
|
||
</code></pre><h3 id=control-TCP-egress-traffic-without-a-gateway>在没有 gateway 的情况下控制 TCP egress 流量</h3><p>如果您不用通过 <a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/#use-case>egress gateway</a> 定向流量，例如不要求所有流量都通过 gateway 流出网格时，请遵循以下部分的说明。或者，如果您确实希望通过 egress gateway 定向流量，请继续阅读<a href=#direct-tcp-egress-traffic-through-an-egress-gateway>通过 egress gateway 定向 TCP egress 流量</a>。</p><ol><li><p>定义一个网格外 TCP service entry：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: ServiceEntry
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
addresses:
|
||
- $MONGODB_IP/32
|
||
ports:
|
||
- number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
name: tcp
|
||
protocol: TCP
|
||
location: MESH_EXTERNAL
|
||
resolution: STATIC
|
||
endpoints:
|
||
- address: $MONGODB_IP
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li></ol><p>请注意，protocol 被指定为 <code>TCP</code> 而不是 <code>MONGO</code>，因为如果 <a href=https://zh/docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/configure-ssl/>MongoDB 协议运行在 TLS 之上时</a>，流量可以加密。如果加密了流量，该加密的 MongoDB 协议就不能被 Istio 代理解析。</p><p>如果您知道使用的是未加密的 MongoDB 协议，可以指定 protocol 为 <code>MONGO</code>，从而使 Istio 代理产生 <a href=https://www.envoyproxy.io/docs/envoy/latest/configuration/listeners/network_filters/mongo_proxy_filter#statistics>MongoDB 相关的统计数据</a>。还要注意，当指定 protocol <code>TCP</code> 时，配置不是特定于 MongoDB 的，对于其余使用基于 TCP 协议的数据库同样适用。</p><ol><li><p>刷新应用程序的网页。应用程序现在应该显示评级数据而非错误：</p><figure style=width:80%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:36.69064748201439%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/egress-mongo/externalDBRatings.png title="Book Ratings Displayed Correctly"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/egress-mongo/externalDBRatings.png alt="Book Ratings Displayed Correctly"></a></div><figcaption>Book Ratings Displayed Correctly</figcaption></figure></li></ol><p>请注意，和预期的一样，您会看到两个显示评论的一星评级。您将评级设置为一星，以作为外部数据库确实被使用了的视觉证据。</p><ol><li>如果要通过出口网关引导流量，请继续下一节。否则，请执行 <a href=#cleanup-of-TCP-egress-traffic-control>cleanup</a>.</li></ol><h3 id=direct-TCP-egress-traffic-through-an-egress-gateway>通过 egress gateway 定向 TCP Egress 流量</h3><p>在本节中，您将处理通过 <a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/#use-case>egress gateway</a> 定向流量的情况。Sidecar 代理通过匹配 MongoDB 主机的 IP 地址（一个 32 位长度的 CIDR 块），将 TCP 连接从 MongoDB 客户端路由到 egress gateway。Egress gateway 按照其 hostname，转发流量到 MongoDB 主机。</p><ol><li><p><a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/#deploy-Istio-egress-gateway>部署 Istio egress gateway</a>.</p></li><li><p>如果您未执行<a href=#control-TCP-egress-traffic-without-a-gateway>上一节</a>中的步骤，则立即执行这些步骤。</p></li><li><p>您可能希望启用 sidecar 代理和 MongoDB 客户端之间以及 egress gateway 的 <span class=term data-title="Mutual TLS Authentication" data-body='<p>双向 TLS 通过内置身份和凭证管理，提供强大的服务到服务身份验证。
|
||
<a href="/zh/docs/concepts/security/#mutual-TLS-authentication">了解更多关于双向 TLS 身份验证</a>。</p>'>mutual TLS Authentication</span>，以使 egress gateway 监控来源 pod 的身份并基于该 identity 启用 Mixer 策略。启用双向 TLS 时同样对流量进行了加密。
|
||
如果你不想开启双向 TLS，参考 <a href=#mutual-TLS-between-the-sidecar-proxies-and-the-egress-gateway>Mutual TLS between the sidecar proxies and the egress gateway</a> 小节
|
||
否则，请继续以下部分。</p></li></ol><h4 id=configure-TCP-traffic-from-sidecars-to-the-egress-gateway>配置从 sidecar 到 egress gateway 的 TCP 流量</h4><ol><li><p>定义 <code>EGRESS_GATEWAY_MONGODB_PORT</code> 环境变量来保存用于通过 egress gateway 定向流量的端口，例如 <code>7777</code>。必须选择没有被网格中其余 service 使用的端口。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ export EGRESS_GATEWAY_MONGODB_PORT=7777
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>添加选择的端口到 <code>istio-egressgateway</code> service。您需要使用和安装 Istio 时一样的端口，特别是必须指定前面配置 <code>istio-egressgateway</code> 的所有端口。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio/ --name istio-egressgateway --namespace istio-system -x charts/gateways/templates/deployment.yaml -x charts/gateways/templates/service.yaml --set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.enabled=false --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.enabled=true --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.ports[0].port=80 --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.ports[0].name=http --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.ports[1].port=443 --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.ports[1].name=https --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.ports[2].port=$EGRESS_GATEWAY_MONGODB_PORT --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.ports[2].name=mongo | kubectl apply -f -
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>检查 <code>istio-egressgateway</code> service 确实有选择的端口：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl get svc istio-egressgateway -n istio-system
|
||
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
|
||
istio-egressgateway ClusterIP 172.21.202.204 <none> 80/TCP,443/TCP,7777/TCP 34d
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>为 <code>istio-egressgateway</code> 服务 关闭双向 TLS 认证</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: authentication.istio.io/v1alpha1
|
||
kind: Policy
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: istio-egressgateway
|
||
namespace: istio-system
|
||
spec:
|
||
targets:
|
||
- name: istio-egressgateway
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>为您的 MongoDB service 创建一个 egress <code>Gateway</code>、一个 destination rules 和 virtual services，以定向流量到 egress gateway，并从 egress gateway 发送到外部服务。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: Gateway
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: istio-egressgateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
selector:
|
||
istio: egressgateway
|
||
servers:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: $EGRESS_GATEWAY_MONGODB_PORT
|
||
name: tcp
|
||
protocol: TCP
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: egressgateway-for-mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subsets:
|
||
- name: mongo
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
host: my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: VirtualService
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
- istio-egressgateway
|
||
tcp:
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
destinationSubnets:
|
||
- $MONGODB_IP/32
|
||
port: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subset: mongo
|
||
port:
|
||
number: $EGRESS_GATEWAY_MONGODB_PORT
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- istio-egressgateway
|
||
port: $EGRESS_GATEWAY_MONGODB_PORT
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
port:
|
||
number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
weight: 100
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p><a href=#verify-that-egress-traffic-is-directed-through-the-egress-gateway>验证 TCP egress 流量是否被定向到 egress gateway</a>.</p></li></ol><h4 id=mutual-TLS-between-the-sidecar-proxies-and-the-egress-gateway>Sidecar 代理和 egress gateway 之间的双向 TLS</h4><ol><li><p>删除前面小节中的配置：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete gateway istio-egressgateway --ignore-not-found=true
|
||
$ kubectl delete virtualservice direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway --ignore-not-found=true
|
||
$ kubectl delete destinationrule egressgateway-for-mongo mongo --ignore-not-found=true
|
||
$ kubectl delete policy istio-egressgateway -n istio-system --ignore-not-found=true
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>Enforce mutual TLS authentication for the <code>istio-egressgateway</code> service:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: authentication.istio.io/v1alpha1
|
||
kind: Policy
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: istio-egressgateway
|
||
namespace: istio-system
|
||
spec:
|
||
targets:
|
||
- name: istio-egressgateway
|
||
peers:
|
||
- mtls: {}
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>为您的 MongoDB service 创建一个 egress <code>Gateway</code>、一个 destination rules 和 virtual services，以定向流量到 egress gateway，并从 egress gateway 发送到外部服务。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: Gateway
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: istio-egressgateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
selector:
|
||
istio: egressgateway
|
||
servers:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
name: tls
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: MUTUAL
|
||
serverCertificate: /etc/certs/cert-chain.pem
|
||
privateKey: /etc/certs/key.pem
|
||
caCertificates: /etc/certs/root-cert.pem
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: egressgateway-for-mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subsets:
|
||
- name: mongo
|
||
trafficPolicy:
|
||
loadBalancer:
|
||
simple: ROUND_ROBIN
|
||
portLevelSettings:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: ISTIO_MUTUAL
|
||
sni: my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
host: my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: VirtualService
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
- istio-egressgateway
|
||
tcp:
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
destinationSubnets:
|
||
- $MONGODB_IP/32
|
||
port: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subset: mongo
|
||
port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- istio-egressgateway
|
||
port: 443
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: my-mongo.tcp.svc
|
||
port:
|
||
number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
weight: 100
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>继续下一节。</p></li></ol><h4 id=verify-that-egress-traffic-is-directed-through-the-egress-gateway>验证 TCP egress 流量是否通过 egress gateway 定向</h4><ol><li><p>再次刷新应用程序的网页，并验证等级是否仍正确显示。</p></li><li><p><a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/observability/logs/access-log/#enable-envoy-s-access-logging>开启 Envoy 访问日志</a></p></li><li><p>检查 egress gateway 的 Envoy 的统计数据，找到对应请求 MongoDB service 的 counter。如果 Istio 步骤在 <code>istio-system</code> namespace 中，打印 counter 的命令为：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl logs -l istio=egressgateway -n istio-system
|
||
[2019-04-14T06:12:07.636Z] "- - -" 0 - "-" 1591 4393 94 - "-" "-" "-" "-" "<Your MongoDB IP>:<your MongoDB port>" outbound|<your MongoDB port>||my-mongo.tcp.svc 172.30.146.119:59924 172.30.146.119:443 172.30.230.1:59206 -
|
||
</code></pre></li></ol><h3 id=cleanup-of-TCP-egress-traffic-control>清理通过 egress gateway 定向 TCP egress 流量的配置</h3><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete serviceentry mongo
|
||
$ kubectl delete gateway istio-egressgateway --ignore-not-found=true
|
||
$ kubectl delete virtualservice direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway --ignore-not-found=true
|
||
$ kubectl delete destinationrule egressgateway-for-mongo mongo --ignore-not-found=true
|
||
$ kubectl delete policy istio-egressgateway -n istio-system --ignore-not-found=true
|
||
</code></pre><h2 id=egress-control-for-TLS>TLS egress 控制</h2><p>在现实生活中，绝大多数到外部服务的通信都必须被加密，而 <a href=https://zh/docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/configure-ssl/>MongoDB 协议在 TLS 之上运行</a>。
|
||
并且，TLS 客户端经常发送<a href=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication>服务器名称指示</a>，SNI，作为握手的一部分。
|
||
如果您的 MongoDB 服务器运行 TLS 且 MongoDB 客户端发送 SNI 作为握手的一部分，您就可以像任何其余带有 SNI 的 TLS 流量一样控制 MongoDB egress 流量。
|
||
您不需要指定 MongoDB 服务器的 IP 地址，而只需指定他们的主机名称，这样会更加方便，因为您无需依赖 IP 地址的稳定性。
|
||
您还可以指定通配符为主机名的前缀，例如允许从 <code>*.com</code> 域访问任意服务器。</p><p>要想检查您的 MongoDB 服务器是否支持 TLS，请运行：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ openssl s_client -connect $MONGODB_HOST:$MONGODB_PORT -servername $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
</code></pre><p>如果上述命令打印了一个服务器返回的证书，说明该服务器支持 TLS。如果没有，您就需要像前面小节描述的一样在 TCP 层面控制 MongoDB egress 流量。</p><h3 id=control-TLS-egress-traffic-without-a-gateway>无 gateway 情况下控制 TLS egress 流量</h3><p>如果您<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/#use-case>不需要 egress gateway</a>，请遵循本小节中的说明。
|
||
如果您需要通过 egress gateway 定向流量，请继续阅读<a href=#direct-tcp-egress-traffic-through-an-egress-gateway>通过 egress gateway 定向 TCP Egress 流量</a>。</p><ol><li><p>为 MongoDB service 创建一个 <code>ServiceEntry</code>：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: ServiceEntry
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
ports:
|
||
- number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
name: tls
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
resolution: DNS
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>刷新应用程序的网页。应用程序应该正确显示评级数据。</p></li></ol><h4 id=cleanup-of-the-egress-configuration-for-TLS>清理 TLS 的 egress 配置</h4><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete serviceentry mongo
|
||
</code></pre><h3 id=direct-tcp-egress-traffic-through-an-egress-gateway>通过 egress gateway 定向 TLS Egress 流量</h3><p>在本小节中，您将处理通过 <a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/#use-case>egress gateway</a> 定向流量的情况。
|
||
Sidecar 代理通过匹配 MongoDB 主机的 SNI，将 TLS 连接从 MongoDB 客户端路由到 egress gateway。
|
||
Egress gateway 再将流量转发到 MongoDB 主机。请注意，sidecar 代理会将目的端口重写为 443。
|
||
Egress gateway 在 443 端口上接受 MongoDB 流量，按照 SNI 匹配 MongoDB 主机，并再次将端口重写为 MongoDB 服务器的端口。</p><ol><li><p><a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/#deploy-Istio-egress-gateway>部署 Istio egress gateway</a>.</p></li><li><p>为 MongoDB service 创建一个 <code>ServiceEntry</code>:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: ServiceEntry
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
ports:
|
||
- number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
name: tls
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
- number: 443
|
||
name: tls-port-for-egress-gateway
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
resolution: DNS
|
||
location: MESH_EXTERNAL
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>刷新应用程序的网页并验证评级数据是否显示正常。</p></li><li><p>为您的 MongoDB service 创建一个 egress <code>Gateway</code>、一个 destination rules 和 virtual services，以将流量定向到 egress gateway，并从 egress gateway 发送到外部服务。</p></li></ol><p>如果您希望启用 sidecar 代理和应用程序 pod 以及 egress gateway 之间的<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/security/authentication/authn-policy/#auto-mutual-TLS>双向 TLS 认证</a>，可以使用下面的命令。（您可能希望启用双向 TLS 以使 egress gateway 监控来源 pod 的身份并基于该 identity 启用 Mixer 策略。）</p><pre><code>
|
||
<div id=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1 role=tablist class=tabset>
|
||
<div class=tab-strip data-category-name=mtls><button aria-selected=true data-category-value=enabled aria-controls=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1-0-panel id=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1-0-tab role=tab><span>mutual TLS enabled</span>
|
||
</button><button tabindex=-1 data-category-value=disabled aria-controls=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1-1-panel id=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1-1-tab role=tab><span>mutual TLS disabled</span>
|
||
</button></div>
|
||
<div class=tab-content><div id=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1-0-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1-0-tab>
|
||
<pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: Gateway
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: istio-egressgateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
selector:
|
||
istio: egressgateway
|
||
servers:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
name: tls
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: MUTUAL
|
||
serverCertificate: /etc/certs/cert-chain.pem
|
||
privateKey: /etc/certs/key.pem
|
||
caCertificates: /etc/certs/root-cert.pem
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: egressgateway-for-mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subsets:
|
||
- name: mongo
|
||
trafficPolicy:
|
||
loadBalancer:
|
||
simple: ROUND_ROBIN
|
||
portLevelSettings:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: ISTIO_MUTUAL
|
||
sni: $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: VirtualService
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
- istio-egressgateway
|
||
tls:
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
port: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
sni_hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subset: mongo
|
||
port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
tcp:
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- istio-egressgateway
|
||
port: 443
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
port:
|
||
number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
weight: 100
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></div><div hidden id=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1-1-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-zh-blog-2018-egress-mongo-1-1-tab><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: Gateway
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: istio-egressgateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
selector:
|
||
istio: egressgateway
|
||
servers:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
name: tls
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: PASSTHROUGH
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: egressgateway-for-mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subsets:
|
||
- name: mongo
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: VirtualService
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
- istio-egressgateway
|
||
tls:
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
port: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
sni_hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subset: mongo
|
||
port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- istio-egressgateway
|
||
port: 443
|
||
sni_hosts:
|
||
- $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: $MONGODB_HOST
|
||
port:
|
||
number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
weight: 100
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></div></div></div></code></pre><ol><li><a href=#verify-that-egress-traffic-is-directed-through-the-egress-gateway>验证 TCP egress 流量是否通过 egress gateway 定向</a></li></ol><h4 id=cleanup-directing-TLS-Egress-traffic-through-an-egress-gateway>清除通过 egress gateway 定向 TLS Egress 流量的配置</h4><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete serviceentry mongo
|
||
$ kubectl delete gateway istio-egressgateway
|
||
$ kubectl delete virtualservice direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway
|
||
$ kubectl delete destinationrule egressgateway-for-mongo
|
||
</code></pre><h3 id=enable-MongoDB-TLS-egress-traffic-to-arbitrary-wildcarded-domains>启用到任意通配符域名的 MongoDB TLS egress 流量</h3><p>有时，您希望将 egress 流量配置为来自同一域的多个主机名，例如到 <code>*.<your company domain>.com</code> 中的所有 MongoDB service。
|
||
您不希望创建多个配置项，而是一个用于公司中所有 MongoDB service 的通用配置项。
|
||
要想通过一个配置来控制到所有相同域中的外部服务的访问，您需要使用 <em>通配符</em> 主机。</p><p>在本节中，您将为通配符域名配置 egress gateway。我在 <code>composedb.com</code> 处使用了 MongoDB instance，
|
||
因此为 <code>*.com</code> 配置出口流量对我有效（我也可以使用<code>*.composedb.com</code>）。
|
||
您可以根据 MongoDB 主机选择通配符域名。</p><p>要为通配符域名配置 egress gateway 流量，
|
||
您需要使用<a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/wildcard-egress-hosts/#wildcard-configuration-for-arbitrary-domains>一个额外的 SNI 代理</a>来部署一个自定义的 egress gateway。由于 Envoy（Istio egress gateway 使用的标准代理）目前的限制，这是必须的。</p><h4 id=prepare-a-new-egress-gateway-with-an-SNI-proxy>准备一个 SNI 代理使用新的 egress gateway</h4><p>在本节中，除了标准的 Istio Envoy 代理之外，您还将部署具有 SNI 代理的 egress gateway。您可以使用任何能够根据任意未预先配置的 SNI 值路由流量的 SNI 代理；我们使用 <a href=http://nginx.org>Nginx</a> 来实现这一功能。</p><ol><li><p>为 Nginx SNI 代理创建配置文件。如果需要，您可以编辑该文件以指定其他 Nginx 设置。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF > ./sni-proxy.conf
|
||
user www-data;
|
||
|
||
events {
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
stream {
|
||
log_format log_stream '\$remote_addr [\$time_local] \$protocol [\$ssl_preread_server_name]'
|
||
'\$status \$bytes_sent \$bytes_received \$session_time';
|
||
|
||
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log log_stream;
|
||
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
|
||
|
||
# tcp forward proxy by SNI
|
||
server {
|
||
resolver 8.8.8.8 ipv6=off;
|
||
listen 127.0.0.1:$MONGODB_PORT;
|
||
proxy_pass \$ssl_preread_server_name:$MONGODB_PORT;
|
||
ssl_preread on;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>创建一个 Kubernetes <a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-configmap/>ConfigMap</a> 来保存 Nginx SNI 代理的配置：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl create configmap egress-sni-proxy-configmap -n istio-system --from-file=nginx.conf=./sni-proxy.conf
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>下面的命令将产生用于编辑和部署的 <code>istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy.yaml</code> 文件。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio/ --name istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy --namespace istio-system -x charts/gateways/templates/deployment.yaml -x charts/gateways/templates/service.yaml -x charts/gateways/templates/serviceaccount.yaml -x charts/gateways/templates/autoscale.yaml -x charts/gateways/templates/role.yaml -x charts/gateways/templates/rolebindings.yaml --set global.mtls.enabled=true --set global.istioNamespace=istio-system -f - > ./istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy.yaml
|
||
gateways:
|
||
enabled: true
|
||
istio-ingressgateway:
|
||
enabled: false
|
||
istio-egressgateway:
|
||
enabled: false
|
||
istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy:
|
||
enabled: true
|
||
labels:
|
||
app: istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy
|
||
istio: egressgateway-with-sni-proxy
|
||
replicaCount: 1
|
||
autoscaleMin: 1
|
||
autoscaleMax: 5
|
||
cpu:
|
||
targetAverageUtilization: 80
|
||
serviceAnnotations: {}
|
||
type: ClusterIP
|
||
ports:
|
||
- port: 443
|
||
name: https
|
||
secretVolumes:
|
||
- name: egressgateway-certs
|
||
secretName: istio-egressgateway-certs
|
||
mountPath: /etc/istio/egressgateway-certs
|
||
- name: egressgateway-ca-certs
|
||
secretName: istio-egressgateway-ca-certs
|
||
mountPath: /etc/istio/egressgateway-ca-certs
|
||
configVolumes:
|
||
- name: sni-proxy-config
|
||
configMapName: egress-sni-proxy-configmap
|
||
additionalContainers:
|
||
- name: sni-proxy
|
||
image: nginx
|
||
volumeMounts:
|
||
- name: sni-proxy-config
|
||
mountPath: /etc/nginx
|
||
readOnly: true
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>部署新的 egress gateway：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f ./istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy.yaml
|
||
serviceaccount "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy-service-account" created
|
||
role "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy-istio-system" created
|
||
rolebinding "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy-istio-system" created
|
||
service "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy" created
|
||
deployment "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy" created
|
||
horizontalpodautoscaler "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy" created
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>验证新 egress gateway 是否工作正常。请注意 pod 有两个容器（一个是 Envoy 代理，另一个是 SNI 代理）。</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl get pod -l istio=egressgateway-with-sni-proxy -n istio-system
|
||
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy-79f6744569-pf9t2 2/2 Running 0 17s
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>创建一个使用静态地址 127.0.0.1 (<code>localhost</code>) 的 service entry，并对定向到新 service entry 的流量禁用双向 TLS：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: ServiceEntry
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: sni-proxy
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- sni-proxy.local
|
||
location: MESH_EXTERNAL
|
||
ports:
|
||
- number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
name: tcp
|
||
protocol: TCP
|
||
resolution: STATIC
|
||
endpoints:
|
||
- address: 127.0.0.1
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: disable-mtls-for-sni-proxy
|
||
spec:
|
||
host: sni-proxy.local
|
||
trafficPolicy:
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: DISABLE
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li></ol><h4 id=configure-access-to-com-using-the-new-egress-gateway>使用新 egress gateway 配置到 <code>*.com</code> 的访问</h4><ol><li><p>为 <code>*.com</code> 定义一个 <code>ServiceEntry</code>：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | kubectl create -f -
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: ServiceEntry
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: mongo
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- "*.com"
|
||
ports:
|
||
- number: 443
|
||
name: tls
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
- number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
name: tls-mongodb
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
location: MESH_EXTERNAL
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>为 *.com 创建一个 egress Gateway，使用 443 端口和 TLS 协议。创建一个 destination rule 来为 gateway 设置 <a href=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication>SNI</a>。
|
||
以及为 Envoy 过滤器，以防止恶意应用程序篡改 SNI (过滤器验证这个应用程序发布的 SNI 与报告给 Mixer 的 SNI 是否相同)</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: Gateway
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy
|
||
spec:
|
||
selector:
|
||
istio: egressgateway-with-sni-proxy
|
||
servers:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
name: tls
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- "*.com"
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: MUTUAL
|
||
serverCertificate: /etc/certs/cert-chain.pem
|
||
privateKey: /etc/certs/key.pem
|
||
caCertificates: /etc/certs/root-cert.pem
|
||
---
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: mtls-for-egress-gateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subsets:
|
||
- name: mongo
|
||
trafficPolicy:
|
||
loadBalancer:
|
||
simple: ROUND_ROBIN
|
||
portLevelSettings:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: ISTIO_MUTUAL
|
||
---
|
||
# The following filter is used to forward the original SNI (sent by the application) as the SNI of the mutual TLS
|
||
# connection.
|
||
# The forwarded SNI will be reported to Mixer so that policies will be enforced based on the original SNI value.
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: EnvoyFilter
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: forward-downstream-sni
|
||
spec:
|
||
filters:
|
||
- listenerMatch:
|
||
portNumber: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
listenerType: SIDECAR_OUTBOUND
|
||
filterName: forward_downstream_sni
|
||
filterType: NETWORK
|
||
filterConfig: {}
|
||
---
|
||
# The following filter verifies that the SNI of the mutual TLS connection (the SNI reported to Mixer) is
|
||
# identical to the original SNI issued by the application (the SNI used for routing by the SNI proxy).
|
||
# The filter prevents Mixer from being deceived by a malicious application: routing to one SNI while
|
||
# reporting some other value of SNI. If the original SNI does not match the SNI of the mutual TLS connection, the
|
||
# filter will block the connection to the external service.
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: EnvoyFilter
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: egress-gateway-sni-verifier
|
||
spec:
|
||
workloadLabels:
|
||
app: istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy
|
||
filters:
|
||
- listenerMatch:
|
||
portNumber: 443
|
||
listenerType: GATEWAY
|
||
filterName: sni_verifier
|
||
filterType: NETWORK
|
||
filterConfig: {}
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>将目的为 <em>*.com</em> 的流量路由到 egress gateway，并从 egress gateway 路由到 SNI 代理.</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: VirtualService
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway
|
||
spec:
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- "*.com"
|
||
gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
- istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy
|
||
tls:
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- mesh
|
||
port: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
sni_hosts:
|
||
- "*.com"
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
subset: mongo
|
||
port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
weight: 100
|
||
tcp:
|
||
- match:
|
||
- gateways:
|
||
- istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy
|
||
port: 443
|
||
route:
|
||
- destination:
|
||
host: sni-proxy.local
|
||
port:
|
||
number: $MONGODB_PORT
|
||
weight: 100
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>再次刷新应用程序的网页，验证评级数据仍然显示正确。</p></li><li><p><a href=/v1.12/zh/docs/tasks/observability/logs/access-log/#enable-envoy-s-access-logging>开启 Envoy 访问日志</a></p></li><li><p>检查 egress gateway 的 Envoy 的日志。如果 Istio 部署在 <code>istio-system</code> namespace 中，打印日志的的命令为：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl logs -l istio=egressgateway-with-sni-proxy -c istio-proxy -n istio-system
|
||
</code></pre><p>You should see lines similar to the following:</p><pre><code class=language-plain data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>[2019-01-02T17:22:04.602Z] "- - -" 0 - 768 1863 88 - "-" "-" "-" "-" "127.0.0.1:28543" outbound|28543||sni-proxy.local 127.0.0.1:49976 172.30.146.115:443 172.30.146.118:58510 <your MongoDB host>
|
||
[2019-01-02T17:22:04.713Z] "- - -" 0 - 1534 2590 85 - "-" "-" "-" "-" "127.0.0.1:28543" outbound|28543||sni-proxy.local 127.0.0.1:49988 172.30.146.115:443 172.30.146.118:58522 <your MongoDB host>
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>检查 SNI 代理的日志。如果 Istio 部署在 <code>istio-system</code> namespace 中，打印日志的命令为：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl logs -l istio=egressgateway-with-sni-proxy -n istio-system -c sni-proxy
|
||
127.0.0.1 [23/Aug/2018:03:28:18 +0000] TCP [<your MongoDB host>]200 1863 482 0.089
|
||
127.0.0.1 [23/Aug/2018:03:28:18 +0000] TCP [<your MongoDB host>]200 2590 1248 0.095
|
||
</code></pre></li></ol><h4 id=understanding-what-happened>理解原理</h4><p>在本节中，您使用通配符域名为您的 MongoDB 主机配置了 egress 流量。对于单个 MongoDB 主机使用通配符域名没有任何好处（可以指定确切的主机名），
|
||
而当集群中的应用程序需要访问多个匹配某个通配符域名的 MongoDB 主机时可能有用。
|
||
例如，如果应用程序需要访问 <code>mongodb1.composedb.com</code>、<code>mongodb2.composedb.com</code> 和 <code>mongodb3.composedb.com</code> 时，
|
||
egress 流量可以使用针对泛域名 <code>*.composedb.com</code> 的单个配置实现。</p><p>当配置一个应用使用另一个主机名匹配本小节中的通配符域名的 MongoDB 实例时，不需要额外的 Istio 配置。
|
||
我将这留作一个练习，让读者自行验证。</p><h4 id=cleanup-of-configuration-for-MongoDB-TLS-egress-traffic-to-arbitrary-wildcarded-domains>清理到任意通配符域名的 MongoDB TLS egress 流量的配置</h4><ol><li><p>删除针对 <code>*.com</code> 的配置项：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete serviceentry mongo
|
||
$ kubectl delete gateway istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy
|
||
$ kubectl delete virtualservice direct-mongo-through-egress-gateway
|
||
$ kubectl delete destinationrule mtls-for-egress-gateway
|
||
$ kubectl delete envoyfilter forward-downstream-sni egress-gateway-sni-verifier
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>删除 <code>egressgateway-with-sni-proxy</code> <code>Deployment</code> 的配置项：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete serviceentry sni-proxy
|
||
$ kubectl delete destinationrule disable-mtls-for-sni-proxy
|
||
$ kubectl delete -f ./istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy.yaml
|
||
$ kubectl delete configmap egress-sni-proxy-configmap -n istio-system
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>删除您创建的配置文件：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ rm ./istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy.yaml
|
||
$ rm ./nginx-sni-proxy.conf
|
||
</code></pre></li></ol><h2 id=cleanup>清理</h2><ol><li><p>删除<code>bookinfo</code>用户：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | mongo --ssl --sslAllowInvalidCertificates $MONGODB_HOST:$MONGODB_PORT -u admin -p $MONGO_ADMIN_PASSWORD --authenticationDatabase admin
|
||
use test
|
||
db.dropUser("bookinfo");
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>删除 <code>ratings</code> 集合：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | mongo --ssl --sslAllowInvalidCertificates $MONGODB_HOST:$MONGODB_PORT -u admin -p $MONGO_ADMIN_PASSWORD --authenticationDatabase admin
|
||
use test
|
||
db.ratings.drop();
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>取消您使用的环境变量：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ unset MONGO_ADMIN_PASSWORD BOOKINFO_PASSWORD MONGODB_HOST MONGODB_PORT MONGODB_IP
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>删除 virtual services：</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-ratings-db.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete -f @samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-ratings-db.yaml@
|
||
Deleted config: virtual-service/default/reviews
|
||
Deleted config: virtual-service/default/ratings
|
||
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>删除 <code>ratings v2-mongodb</code> deployment：</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo-ratings-v2.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete -f @samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo-ratings-v2.yaml@
|
||
deployment "ratings-v2" deleted
|
||
</code></pre></div></li></ol><h2 id=conclusion>总结</h2><p>在这篇博文中，我演示了 MongoDB egress 流量控制的各种选项。您可以在 TCP 或 TLS 层面上控制 MongoDB egress 流量。
|
||
根据您的组织的安全需求，在 TCP 和 TLS 场景下您都可以将流量从 sidecar 代理定向到外部 MongoDB 主机
|
||
，或者通过一个 egress gateway 进行转发。在后面一种场景中，您还可以决定是否禁用 sidecar 代理到 egress gateway 的双向 TLS 认证。
|
||
如果您想要通过指定类似 <code>*.com</code> 的通配符域名来从 TLS 层面控制 MongoDB 的 egress 流量，并且通过 egress gateway 定向流量时，
|
||
您必须部署一个使用 SNI 代理的自定义 egress gateway。</p><p>请注意，本博客文章中描述的 MongoDB 配置和注意事项与 TCP/TLS 之上的其他非 HTTP 协议相同。</p></div><nav class=pagenav><div class=left><a title="如何在不部署 Sidecar 代理的情况下使用 Istio 进行流量管理。" href=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/incremental-traffic-management/ class=next-link><svg class="icon left-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.12/img/icons.svg#left-arrow"/></svg>增量式应用 Istio 第一部分，流量管理</a></div><div class=right><a title="Istio 为庆祝 1.0 的发布，在 Twitch 举办了为期一天的直播。" href=/v1.12/zh/blog/2018/istio-twitch-stream/ class=next-link>Istio 在 Twitch 上全天直播<svg class="icon right-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.12/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav></article><footer class=footer><div class="footer-wrapper container-l"><div class="user-links footer-links"><a class=channel title="Istio 的代码在 GitHub 上开发" href=https://github.com/istio/community aria-label=GitHub><svg class="icon github"><use xlink:href="/v1.12/img/icons.svg#github"/></svg></a><a class=channel title="如果您想深入了解 Istio 的技术细节，请查看我们日益完善的设计文档" 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