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<button id=search-close title="Cancel search" type=reset aria-label="Cancel search"><svg class="icon menu-close"><use xlink:href="/v1.13/img/icons.svg#menu-close"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><div class=banner-container></div><article class=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/BlogPosting><div class=header-content><h1>Change in Secret Discovery Service in Istio 1.3</h1><p>Taking advantage of Kubernetes trustworthy JWTs to issue certificates for workload instances more securely.</p></div><p class=post-author>Sep 10, 2019 <span>|</span> By Phillip Quy Le - Google</p><div><p>In Istio 1.3, we are taking advantage of improvements in Kubernetes to issue certificates for workload instances more securely.</p><p>When a Citadel Agent sends a certificate signing request to Citadel to get a certificate for a workload instance,
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it includes the JWT that the Kubernetes API server issued representing the service account of the workload instance.
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If Citadel can authenticate the JWT, it extracts the service account name needed to issue the certificate for the workload instance.</p><p>Before Kubernetes 1.12, the Kubernetes API server issues JWTs with the following issues:</p><ol><li>The tokens don’t have important fields to limit their scope of usage, such as <code>aud</code> or <code>exp</code>. See <a href=https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/design-proposals/auth/bound-service-account-tokens.md>Bound Service Tokens</a> for more info.</li><li>The tokens are mounted onto all the pods without a way to opt-out. See <a href=https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/design-proposals/storage/svcacct-token-volume-source.md>Service Account Token Volumes</a> for motivation.</li></ol><p>Kubernetes 1.12 introduces <code>trustworthy</code> JWTs to solve these issues.
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However, support for the <code>aud</code> field to have a different value than the API server audience didn’t become available until <a href=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.13.md>Kubernetes 1.13</a>.
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To better secure the mesh, Istio 1.3 only supports <code>trustworthy</code> JWTs and requires the value of the <code>aud</code> field to be <code>istio-ca</code> when you enable SDS.
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Before upgrading your Istio deployment to 1.3 with SDS enabled, verify that you use Kubernetes 1.13 or later.</p><p>Make the following considerations based on your platform of choice:</p><ul><li><strong>GKE:</strong> Upgrade your cluster version to at least 1.13.</li><li><strong>On-prem Kubernetes</strong> and <strong>GKE on-prem:</strong> Add <a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account/#service-account-token-volume-projection>extra configurations</a> to your Kubernetes. You may
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also want to refer to the <a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kube-apiserver/>api-server page</a> for the most up-to-date flag names.</li><li>For other platforms, check with your provider. If your vendor does not support trustworthy JWTs, you will need to fall back to the file-mount approach to propagate the workload keys and certificates in Istio 1.3.</li></ul></div><nav class=pagenav><div class=left><a title="Demonstrates a Mixer out-of-process adapter which implements the Knative scale-from-zero logic." href=/v1.13/blog/2019/knative-activator-adapter/ class=next-link><svg class="icon left-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.13/img/icons.svg#left-arrow"/></svg>Mixer Adapter for Knative</a></div><div class=right><a title="The design principles behind Istio's APIs and how those APIs are evolving." href=/v1.13/blog/2019/evolving-istios-apis/ class=next-link>The Evolution of Istio's APIs<svg class="icon right-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.13/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav></article><footer class=footer><div class="footer-wrapper container-l"><div class="user-links footer-links"><a class=channel title="GitHub is where development takes place on Istio code" 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