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<button id=search-close title=取消搜索 type=reset aria-label=取消搜索><svg class="icon menu-close"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#menu-close"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><div class=banner-container></div><article class=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/BlogPosting><div class=header-content><h1>介绍工作负载条目</h1><p>描述了工作负载条目的新功能。</p></div><p class=post-author>May 21, 2020 <span>| </span>By Cynthia Coan - Tetrate, Shriram Rajagopalan - Tetrate, Tia Louden - Tetrate, John Howard - Google, Sven Mawson - Google</p><div><h2 id=introducing-workload-entries-bridging-Kubernetes-and-VMs>工作负载条目简介：桥接 Kubernetes 和 VM</h2><p>从历史上看，Istio 为在 Kubernetes 上运行的工作负载提供了很好的体验，但对于其他类型的工作负载，如虚拟机（VM）和裸机，则不太顺利。这些差距包括无法在 VM 上以声明方式指定 Sidecar 的属性，无法正确响应工作负载的生命周期变化（例如，从启动到未准备就绪，或健康检查），以及在工作负载迁移到 Kubernetes 时繁琐的 DNS 解决方法，仅此而已。</p><p>Istio 1.6 在如何管理非 Kubernetes 工作负载方面引入了一些变化，其驱动力是希望在容器之外的用例中更容易获得 Istio 的好处，比如在 Kubernetes 之外的平台上运行传统数据库，或者在不重写现有应用的情况下采用 Istio 的功能。</p><h3 id=background>背景</h3><p>在 Istio 1.6 之前，非容器化工作负载可以简单地配置为 <code>ServiceEntry</code> 中的一个IP地址，这意味着它们只作为服务的一部分存在。Istio 缺乏对这些非容器化工作负载的一流抽象，类似于 Kubernetes 将 Pod 视为计算的基本单位–一个命名对象，作为与工作负载相关的所有事物的集合点–名称、标签、安全属性、生命周期状态事件等。输入 <code>WorkloadEntry</code>。</p><p>考虑下面的 <code>ServiceEntry</code>，描述一个由几十个有 IP 地址的虚拟机实现的服务：</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
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kind: ServiceEntry
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metadata:
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name: svc1
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spec:
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hosts:
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- svc1.internal.com
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ports:
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- number: 80
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name: http
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protocol: HTTP
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resolution: STATIC
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endpoints:
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- address: 1.1.1.1
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- address: 2.2.2.2
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....
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</code></pre><p>如果您想以主动-主动的方式将这个服务迁移到 Kubernetes 中–即启动一堆 Pod，通过 Istio 双向 TLS（mTLS）将一部分流量发送到 Pod，并将其余的流量发送到没有 Sidecar 的 VM 上–您会怎么做？您需要使用 Kubernetes 服务、虚拟服务和目标规则的组合来实现这一行为。现在，假设您决定将 Sidecar 逐一添加到这些 VM 上，这样您就希望只有到有 Sidecar 的 VM 的流量才会使用 Istio mTLS。如果任何其他服务条目碰巧在其地址中包括相同的 VM，事情就开始变得非常复杂和容易出错。</p><p>这些复杂情况的主要来源是 Istio 缺乏对非容器化工作负载的一流定义，其工作负载的属性可以独立于其所属的服务来描述。</p><figure style=width:100%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:75%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.20/zh/blog/2020/workload-entry/workload-entry-first-example.svg title="The Internal of Service Entries Pointing to Workload Entries"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.20/zh/blog/2020/workload-entry/workload-entry-first-example.svg alt="Service Entries Pointing to Workload Entries"></a></div><figcaption>The Internal of Service Entries Pointing to Workload Entries</figcaption></figure><h3 id=workload-entry-a-non-Kubernetes-endpoint>工作负载条目</h3><p><code>WorkloadEntry</code> 是专门为解决这个问题而创建的。<code>WorkloadEntry</code> 允许您描述非 Pod 端点，这些端点应该仍然是网格的一部分，并将其与 Pod 同等对待。从这里开始，一切都变得简单了，比如在工作负载之间启用 <code>MUTUAL_TLS</code>，无论它们是否是容器化的。</p><p>要创建一个 <a href=/v1.20/zh/docs/reference/config/networking/workload-entry/><code>WorkloadEntry</code></a> 并将其附加到一个 <a href=/v1.20/zh/docs/reference/config/networking/service-entry/><code>ServiceEntry</code></a>上，您可以这样做：</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>---
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apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
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kind: WorkloadEntry
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metadata:
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name: vm1
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namespace: ns1
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spec:
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address: 1.1.1.1
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labels:
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app: foo
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instance-id: vm-78ad2
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class: vm
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---
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apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
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kind: ServiceEntry
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metadata:
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name: svc1
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namespace: ns1
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spec:
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hosts:
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- svc1.internal.com
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ports:
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- number: 80
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name: http
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protocol: HTTP
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resolution: STATIC
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workloadSelector:
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labels:
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app: foo
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</code></pre><p>这将创建一个带有一组标签和地址的新 <code>WorkloadEntry</code>，以及使用 <code>WorkloadSelector</code> 来选择所有带有所需标签的端点的 <code>ServiceEntry</code>，在这种情况下包括为 VM 创建的 <code>WorkloadEntry</code>。</p><figure style=width:75%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:75%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.20/zh/blog/2020/workload-entry/workload-entry-final.svg title="The Internal of Service Entries Pointing to Workload Entries"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.20/zh/blog/2020/workload-entry/workload-entry-final.svg alt="Service Entries Pointing to Workload Entries"></a></div><figcaption>The Internal of Service Entries Pointing to Workload Entries</figcaption></figure><p>注意 <code>ServiceEntry</code> 可以同时引用 Pod 和 <code>WorkloadEntry</code>，使用相同的选择器。现在 Istio 可以对 VM 和 Pod 进行相同的处理，而不是将它们分开。</p><p>如果要将一些工作负载迁移到 Kubernetes，且选择保留大量的 VM，则 <code>WorkloadSelector</code> 可以同时选择 Pod 和 VM，Istio 会自动在它们之间进行负载平衡。1.6 的变化还意味着 <code>WorkloadSelector</code> 可以在 Pod 和 VM 之间同步配置，并且无需手动要求以重复的策略（例如mTLS和授权）将两个基础结构作为目标。Istio 1.6 版本为 Istio 的未来发展提供了一个伟大的起点。能够像描述 Pod 那样描述网状结构之外的东西，会带来更多的好处，比如改善启动体验。然而，这些好处仅仅是副作用。核心的好处是您现在可以让 VM 和 Pod 共存，而不需要任何配置来将两者连接起来。</p></div><nav class=pagenav><div class=left><a title=一种管理遥测插件安装的新方法。 href=/v1.20/zh/blog/2020/addon-rework/ class=next-link><svg class="icon left-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#left-arrow"/></svg>重做我们的插件集成</a></div><div class=right><a title="通过提供控制平面的安全金丝雀部署，简化 Istio 升级。" href=/v1.20/zh/blog/2020/multiple-control-planes/ class=next-link>使用金丝雀控制平面部署安全升级 Istio<svg class="icon right-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav></article><footer class=footer><div class="footer-wrapper container-l"><div class="user-links footer-links"><a class=channel title='Istio 的代码在 GitHub 上开发' href=https://github.com/istio/community aria-label=GitHub><svg class="icon github"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#github"/></svg>
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