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<button id=search-close title=取消搜索 type=reset aria-label=取消搜索><svg class="icon menu-close"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#menu-close"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><div class=banner-container></div><article class=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/BlogPosting><div class=header-content><h1>支持双栈 Kubernetes 集群</h1><p>对双栈 Kubernetes 集群的实验性支持。</p></div><p class=post-author>Mar 10, 2023 <span>| </span>By 张怀龙 - Intel、徐贺杰 - Intel、丁少君 - Intel、Jacob Delgado - F5、蔡迎春 - 前 F5</p><div><p>在过去的一年里，英特尔和 F5 在为 Istio 提供
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<a href=https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/concepts/services-networking/dual-stack/>Kubernetes 双栈网络</a>的支持中通力合作。</p><h2 id=background>背景</h2><p>对于 Istio 双栈特性支持的工作花费了比预期更长的时间，而我们也还有很多关于双栈的工作需要继续。
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最初这项工作基于 F5 的设计实现展开，由此我们创建了 <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1oT6pmRhOw7AtsldU0-HbfA0zA26j9LYiBD_eepeErsQ/edit?usp=sharing">RFC</a>，
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值得注意的是，在与社区基于此设计文档展开的讨论中，社区表示对此方案在内存和性能方面存在顾虑，
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并且希望这些问题能够在 Istio 双栈实现之前解决掉，这也引起了我们对最初设计方案的反思。
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最初的设计为了支持双栈特性不得不为 listeners、clusters、routes 和 endpoints 增加重复的 Envoy 配置。
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鉴于许多人已经遇到 Envoy 内存和 CPU 消耗问题，社区早期反馈希望我们完全重新评估此方案。
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而且许多代理透明地处理出站双栈流量，而不管流量是如何产生的，因此许多社区早期的反馈建议是在
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Istio 和 Envoy 中实现相同的行为。</p><h2 id=redefining-dual-stack-support>重新定义双栈特性的支持</h2><p>社区为原始 RFC 提供的大部分反馈是更改 Envoy 以更好地支持双栈用例，
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在 Envoy 内部而不仅仅是在 Istio 中修改。
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我们吸取了经验教训和反馈并将其应用到简化的设计中，由此我们创建了一个新的
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<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/15LP2XHpQ71ODkjCVItGacPgzcn19fsVhyE7ruMGXDyU/edit?usp=sharing">RFC</a>。</p><h2 id=support-dual-stack-in-istio-1.17>双栈特性在 Istio 1.17 中的支持</h2><p>我们与 Envoy 社区合作解决了众多问题，这也是对 Istio 双栈特性的支持花费了一些时间的原因。
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这些问题有：
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<a href=https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/issues/16804>matched IP Family for outbound listener</a> 和
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<a href=https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/issues/11184>supported multiple addresses per listener</a>。</p><p>其中徐贺杰也一直在积极地帮助解决一些悬而未决的问题，此后 Envoy 就能够以一种更聪明的方式选择 endpoints
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（参考 Issue：<a href=https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/issues/21640>smarter way to pick endpoints for dual-stack</a>）。
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诸如 <a href=https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/pull/23496>enable socket options on multiple addresses</a>
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针对 Envoy 的这些改进使得即将到来的 Istio 1.17 中对双栈特性的支持能够落地
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（Istio 中对应的修改比如：<a href=https://github.com/istio/istio/pull/41618>extra source addresses on inbound clusters</a>）。</p><p>我们团队所做的关于 Envoy 接口定义更改如下：</p><ol><li><p><a href="https://www.envoyproxy.io/docs/envoy/latest/api-v3/config/listener/v3/listener.proto.html?highlight=additional_addresses">Listener addresses</a></p></li><li><p><a href=https://www.envoyproxy.io/docs/envoy/latest/api-v3/config/core/v3/address.proto#config-core-v3-bindconfig>bind config</a></p></li></ol><p>对于 Istio 双栈特性支持的实现，这些修改是很重要的，它确保我们能够在 Envoy 的下游和上游连接上得到适当的支持。</p><p>我们团队总共已向 Envoy 提交了十多个 PR，其中有多半数 PR 的目的是在 Istio 环境中更容易让 Envoy 采用双栈。</p><p>同时，在 Istio 方面，也可以在
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<a href=https://github.com/istio/istio/issues/40394>Issue #40394</a> 中跟踪进度。
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因为我们在与 Envoy 社区解决各种双栈支持遇到的问题，所以 Istio 社区方面的进展有所放缓。
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尽管如此，我们很高兴地宣布 Istio 1.17 中实现了对双栈特性的实验性支持！</p><h2 id=a-quick-experiment-using-dual-stack>使用双栈的快速实验</h2><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content><p>如果您想使用 KinD 进行测试，可以使用以下命令设置双栈集群：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kind create cluster --name istio-ds --config - <<EOF
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kind: Cluster
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apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
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networking:
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ipFamily: dual
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EOF
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</code></pre></div></aside></div><ol><li><p>通过以下方式对 Istio 1.17.0+ 启用双栈实验性支持：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install -y -f - <<EOF
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apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
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kind: IstioOperator
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spec:
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meshConfig:
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defaultConfig:
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proxyMetadata:
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ISTIO_DUAL_STACK: "true"
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values:
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pilot:
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env:
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ISTIO_DUAL_STACK: "true"
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EOF
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</code></pre></li><li><p>创建 3 个命名空间：</p><ul><li><code>dual-stack</code>：<code>tcp-echo</code> 将同时监听 IPv4 和 IPv6 地址。</li><li><code>ipv4</code>：<code>tcp-echo</code> 将仅监听 IPv4 地址。</li><li><code>ipv6</code>：<code>tcp-echo</code> 将仅监听 IPv6 地址。</li></ul><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl create namespace dual-stack
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$ kubectl create namespace ipv4
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$ kubectl create namespace ipv6
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</code></pre></li><li><p>在所有这些命名空间以及默认命名空间上启用 Sidecar 注入：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl label --overwrite namespace default istio-injection=enabled
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$ kubectl label --overwrite namespace dual-stack istio-injection=enabled
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$ kubectl label --overwrite namespace ipv4 istio-injection=enabled
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$ kubectl label --overwrite namespace ipv6 istio-injection=enabled
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</code></pre></li><li><p>在命名空间中创建 <code>tcp-echo</code> Deployment：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply --namespace dual-stack -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.20/samples/tcp-echo/tcp-echo-dual-stack.yaml
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$ kubectl apply --namespace ipv4 -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.20/samples/tcp-echo/tcp-echo-ipv4.yaml
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$ kubectl apply --namespace ipv6 -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.20/samples/tcp-echo/tcp-echo-ipv6.yaml
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</code></pre></li><li><p>在默认命名空间中创建 <code>sleep</code> Deployment：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.20/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml
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</code></pre></li><li><p>校验流量：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl exec -it "$(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')" -- sh -c "echo dualstack | nc tcp-echo.dual-stack 9000"
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hello dualstack
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$ kubectl exec -it "$(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')" -- sh -c "echo ipv4 | nc tcp-echo.ipv4 9000"
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hello ipv4
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$ kubectl exec -it "$(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')" -- sh -c "echo ipv6 | nc tcp-echo.ipv6 9000"
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hello ipv6
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</code></pre></li></ol><p>现在您可以在自己的环境中试验双栈服务了！</p><h2 id=important-changes-to-listeners-and-endpoints>监听器和端点的重要变化</h2><p>对于上述实验，您会注意到监听器和路由发生了变化：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl proxy-config listeners "$(kubectl get pod -n dual-stack -l app=tcp-echo -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')" -n dual-stack --port 9000
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</code></pre><p>您会看到监听器现在绑定到多个地址，但仅限于双栈服务。
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其他服务只会监听单个 IP 地址。</p><pre><code class=language-json data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>"name": "fd00:10:96::f9fc_9000",
|
||
"address": {
|
||
"socketAddress": {
|
||
"address": "fd00:10:96::f9fc",
|
||
"portValue": 9000
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"additionalAddresses": [
|
||
{
|
||
"address": {
|
||
"socketAddress": {
|
||
"address": "10.96.106.11",
|
||
"portValue": 9000
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
</code></pre><p>虚拟入站地址现在也被配置为监听 <code>0.0.0.0</code> 和 <code>[::]</code>。</p><pre><code class=language-json data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>"name": "virtualInbound",
|
||
"address": {
|
||
"socketAddress": {
|
||
"address": "0.0.0.0",
|
||
"portValue": 15006
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"additionalAddresses": [
|
||
{
|
||
"address": {
|
||
"socketAddress": {
|
||
"address": "::",
|
||
"portValue": 15006
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
</code></pre><p>Envoy 的 endpoints 现在配置为同时路由到 IPv4 和 IPv6：</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl proxy-config endpoints "$(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')" --port 9000
|
||
ENDPOINT STATUS OUTLIER CHECK CLUSTER
|
||
10.244.0.19:9000 HEALTHY OK outbound|9000||tcp-echo.ipv4.svc.cluster.local
|
||
10.244.0.26:9000 HEALTHY OK outbound|9000||tcp-echo.dual-stack.svc.cluster.local
|
||
fd00:10:244::1a:9000 HEALTHY OK outbound|9000||tcp-echo.dual-stack.svc.cluster.local
|
||
fd00:10:244::18:9000 HEALTHY OK outbound|9000||tcp-echo.ipv6.svc.cluster.local
|
||
</code></pre><h2 id=get-involved>参与其中</h2><p>接下来还有很多工作要做，欢迎各位与我们一起完成双栈特性到达 Alpha 状态所需的其他任务。
|
||
<a href=https://github.com/istio/enhancements/blob/master/features/dual-stack-support.md>详情请看这里</a>。</p><p>比如，来自英特尔的丁少君和李纯已经就 Ambient 的网络流量重定向功能与社区一起展开工作。
|
||
我们希望在后面的 Istio 1.18 Alpha 双栈特性的版本中，Ambient 也能够支持双栈特性。</p><p>我们非常欢迎您提出宝贵意见，如果您期待与我们合作请访问我们在
|
||
<a href=https://slack.istio.io/>Istio Slack</a> 中的 <strong>#dual-stack-support</strong> 频道。</p><p>感谢为 Istio 双栈特性工作的团队！</p><ul><li>英特尔：<a href=https://github.com/zhlsunshine>张怀龙</a>、
|
||
<a href=https://github.com/soulxu>徐贺杰</a>、
|
||
<a href=https://github.com/irisdingbj>丁少君</a></li><li>F5：<a href=https://github.com/jacob-delgado>Jacob Delgado</a></li><li><a href=https://github.com/ycai-aspen>蔡迎春</a>（前 F5 员工）</li></ul></div><nav class=pagenav><div class=left><a title="将 POD 流量重定向至每节点 ztunnel 代理的另一种方法。" href=/v1.20/zh/blog/2023/ambient-ebpf-redirection/ class=next-link><svg class="icon left-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#left-arrow"/></svg>Istio ambient 模式中使用 eBPF 进行流量重定向</a></div><div class=right><a title="Ambient 网格的重要里程碑。" href=/v1.20/zh/blog/2023/ambient-merged-istio-main/ class=next-link>“Istio Ambient 服务网格已合并到 Istio 的主分支”<svg class="icon right-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav></article><footer class=footer><div class="footer-wrapper container-l"><div class="user-links footer-links"><a class=channel title='Istio 的代码在 GitHub 上开发' href=https://github.com/istio/community aria-label=GitHub><svg class="icon github"><use xlink:href="/v1.20/img/icons.svg#github"/></svg>
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||
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