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<a href=/v1.21/docs/setup/getting-started class="btn btn--primary" id=try-istio>Try Istio</a></div></div><form id=search-form class=search name=cse role=search><input type=hidden name=cx value=002184991200833970123:iwwf17ikgf4>
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<button id=search-close title='Cancel search' type=reset aria-label='Cancel search'><svg class="icon menu-close"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#menu-close"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><div class=banner-container></div><article class=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/BlogPosting><div class=header-content><h1>Exporting Logs to BigQuery, GCS, Pub/Sub through Stackdriver</h1><p>How to export Istio Access Logs to different sinks like BigQuery, GCS, Pub/Sub through Stackdriver.</p></div><p class=post-author>Jul 9, 2018 <span>| </span>By Nupur Garg and Douglas Reid</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>This blog post was written assuming Istio 0.8, so some of this content may now be outdated.</div></aside></div><div><p>This post shows how to direct Istio logs to <a href=https://cloud.google.com/stackdriver/>Stackdriver</a>
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and export those logs to various configured sinks such as such as
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<a href=https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/>BigQuery</a>, <a href=https://cloud.google.com/storage/>Google Cloud Storage</a>
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or <a href=https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/>Cloud Pub/Sub</a>. At the end of this post you can perform
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analytics on Istio data from your favorite places such as BigQuery, GCS or Cloud Pub/Sub.</p><p>The <a href=/v1.21/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo</a> sample application is used as the example
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application throughout this task.</p><h2 id=before-you-begin>Before you begin</h2><p><a href=/v1.21/docs/setup/>Install Istio</a> in your cluster and deploy an application.</p><h2 id=configuring-istio-to-export-logs>Configuring Istio to export logs</h2><p>Istio exports logs using the <code>logentry</code> <a href=https://istio.io/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/logentry>template</a>.
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This specifies all the variables that are available for analysis. It
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contains information like source service, destination service, auth
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metrics (coming..) among others. Following is a diagram of the pipeline:</p><figure style=width:75%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:75%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.21/blog/2018/export-logs-through-stackdriver/istio-analytics-using-stackdriver.png title="Exporting logs from Istio to Stackdriver for analysis"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.21/blog/2018/export-logs-through-stackdriver/istio-analytics-using-stackdriver.png alt="Exporting logs from Istio to Stackdriver for analysis"></a></div><figcaption>Exporting logs from Istio to Stackdriver for analysis</figcaption></figure><p>Istio supports exporting logs to Stackdriver which can in turn be configured to export
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logs to your favorite sink like BigQuery, Pub/Sub or GCS. Please follow the steps
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below to set up your favorite sink for exporting logs first and then Stackdriver
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in Istio.</p><h3 id=setting-up-various-log-sinks>Setting up various log sinks</h3><p>Common setup for all sinks:</p><ol><li>Enable <a href=https://cloud.google.com/monitoring/api/enable-api>Stackdriver Monitoring API</a> for the project.</li><li>Make sure <code>principalEmail</code> that would be setting up the sink has write access to the project and Logging Admin role permissions.</li><li>Make sure the <code>GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS</code> environment variable is set. Please follow instructions <a href=https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/getting-started>here</a> to set it up.</li></ol><h4 id=bigquery>BigQuery</h4><ol><li><a href=https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/datasets>Create a BigQuery dataset</a> as a destination for the logs export.</li><li>Record the ID of the dataset. It will be needed to configure the Stackdriver handler.
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It would be of the form <code>bigquery.googleapis.com/projects/[PROJECT_ID]/datasets/[DATASET_ID]</code></li><li>Give <a href=https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/api/tasks/exporting-logs#writing_to_the_destination>sink’s writer identity</a>: <code>cloud-logs@system.gserviceaccount.com</code> BigQuery Data Editor role in IAM.</li><li>If using <a href=/v1.21/docs/setup/platform-setup/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a>, make sure <code>bigquery</code> <a href=https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/container/clusters/create>Scope</a> is enabled on the cluster.</li></ol><h4 id=google-cloud-storage-gcs>Google Cloud Storage (GCS)</h4><ol><li><a href=https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/creating-buckets>Create a GCS bucket</a> where you would like logs to get exported in GCS.</li><li>Recode the ID of the bucket. It will be needed to configure Stackdriver.
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It would be of the form <code>storage.googleapis.com/[BUCKET_ID]</code></li><li>Give <a href=https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/api/tasks/exporting-logs#writing_to_the_destination>sink’s writer identity</a>: <code>cloud-logs@system.gserviceaccount.com</code> Storage Object Creator role in IAM.</li></ol><h4 id=google-cloud-pubsub>Google Cloud Pub/Sub</h4><ol><li><a href=https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/docs/admin>Create a topic</a> where you would like logs to get exported in Google Cloud Pub/Sub.</li><li>Recode the ID of the topic. It will be needed to configure Stackdriver.
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It would be of the form <code>pubsub.googleapis.com/projects/[PROJECT_ID]/topics/[TOPIC_ID]</code></li><li>Give <a href=https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/api/tasks/exporting-logs#writing_to_the_destination>sink’s writer identity</a>: <code>cloud-logs@system.gserviceaccount.com</code> Pub/Sub Publisher role in IAM.</li><li>If using <a href=/v1.21/docs/setup/platform-setup/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a>, make sure <code>pubsub</code> <a href=https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/container/clusters/create>Scope</a> is enabled on the cluster.</li></ol><h3 id=setting-up-stackdriver>Setting up Stackdriver</h3><p>A Stackdriver handler must be created to export data to Stackdriver. The configuration for
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a Stackdriver handler is described <a href=https://istio.io/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stackdriver/>here</a>.</p><ol><li><p>Save the following yaml file as <code>stackdriver.yaml</code>. Replace <code><project_id>, <sink_id>, <sink_destination>, <log_filter></code> with their specific values.</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
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kind: stackdriver
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metadata:
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name: handler
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namespace: istio-system
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spec:
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# We'll use the default value from the adapter, once per minute, so we don't need to supply a value.
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# pushInterval: 1m
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# Must be supplied for the Stackdriver adapter to work
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project_id: "<project_id>"
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# One of the following must be set; the preferred method is `appCredentials`, which corresponds to
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# Google Application Default Credentials.
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# If none is provided we default to app credentials.
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# appCredentials:
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# apiKey:
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# serviceAccountPath:
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# Describes how to map Istio logs into Stackdriver.
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logInfo:
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accesslog.logentry.istio-system:
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payloadTemplate: '{{or (.sourceIp) "-"}} - {{or (.sourceUser) "-"}} [{{or (.timestamp.Format "02/Jan/2006:15:04:05 -0700") "-"}}] "{{or (.method) "-"}} {{or (.url) "-"}} {{or (.protocol) "-"}}" {{or (.responseCode) "-"}} {{or (.responseSize) "-"}}'
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httpMapping:
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url: url
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status: responseCode
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requestSize: requestSize
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responseSize: responseSize
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latency: latency
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localIp: sourceIp
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remoteIp: destinationIp
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method: method
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userAgent: userAgent
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referer: referer
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labelNames:
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- sourceIp
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- destinationIp
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- sourceService
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- sourceUser
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- sourceNamespace
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- destinationIp
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- destinationService
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- destinationNamespace
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- apiClaims
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- apiKey
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- protocol
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- method
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- url
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- responseCode
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- responseSize
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- requestSize
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- latency
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- connectionMtls
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- userAgent
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- responseTimestamp
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- receivedBytes
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- sentBytes
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- referer
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sinkInfo:
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id: '<sink_id>'
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destination: '<sink_destination>'
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filter: '<log_filter>'
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---
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apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
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kind: rule
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metadata:
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name: stackdriver
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namespace: istio-system
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spec:
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match: "true" # If omitted match is true.
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actions:
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- handler: handler.stackdriver
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instances:
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- accesslog.logentry
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---
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</code></pre></li><li><p>Push the configuration</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f stackdriver.yaml
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stackdriver "handler" created
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rule "stackdriver" created
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logentry "stackdriverglobalmr" created
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metric "stackdriverrequestcount" created
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metric "stackdriverrequestduration" created
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metric "stackdriverrequestsize" created
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metric "stackdriverresponsesize" created
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</code></pre></li><li><p>Send traffic to the sample application.</p><p>For the Bookinfo sample, visit <code>http://$GATEWAY_URL/productpage</code> in your web
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browser or issue the following command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ curl http://$GATEWAY_URL/productpage
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</code></pre></li><li><p>Verify that logs are flowing through Stackdriver to the configured sink.</p><ul><li>Stackdriver: Navigate to the <a href=https://pantheon.corp.google.com/logs/viewer>Stackdriver Logs
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Viewer</a> for your project
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and look under “GKE Container” -> “Cluster Name” -> “Namespace Id” for
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Istio Access logs.</li><li>BigQuery: Navigate to the <a href=https://bigquery.cloud.google.com/>BigQuery
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Interface</a> for your project and you
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should find a table with prefix <code>accesslog_logentry_istio</code> in your sink
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dataset.</li><li>GCS: Navigate to the <a href=https://pantheon.corp.google.com/storage/browser/>Storage
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Browser</a> for your
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project and you should find a bucket named
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<code>accesslog.logentry.istio-system</code> in your sink bucket.</li><li>Pub/Sub: Navigate to the <a href=https://pantheon.corp.google.com/cloudpubsub/topicList>Pub/Sub
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Topic List</a> for
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your project and you should find a topic for <code>accesslog</code> in your sink
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topic.</li></ul></li></ol><h2 id=understanding-what-happened>Understanding what happened</h2><p><code>Stackdriver.yaml</code> file above configured Istio to send access logs to
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Stackdriver and then added a sink configuration where these logs could be
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exported. In detail as follows:</p><ol><li><p>Added a handler of kind <code>stackdriver</code></p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
|
||
kind: stackdriver
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: handler
|
||
namespace: <your defined namespace>
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>Added <code>logInfo</code> in spec</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>spec:
|
||
logInfo: accesslog.logentry.istio-system:
|
||
labelNames:
|
||
- sourceIp
|
||
- destinationIp
|
||
...
|
||
...
|
||
sinkInfo:
|
||
id: '<sink_id>'
|
||
destination: '<sink_destination>'
|
||
filter: '<log_filter>'
|
||
</code></pre><p>In the above configuration sinkInfo contains information about the sink where you want
|
||
the logs to get exported to. For more information on how this gets filled for different sinks please refer
|
||
<a href=https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/export/#sink-terms>here</a>.</p></li><li><p>Added a rule for Stackdriver</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
|
||
kind: rule
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: stackdriver
|
||
namespace: istio-system spec:
|
||
match: "true" # If omitted match is true
|
||
actions:
|
||
- handler: handler.stackdriver
|
||
instances:
|
||
- accesslog.logentry
|
||
</code></pre></li></ol><h2 id=cleanup>Cleanup</h2><ul><li><p>Remove the new Stackdriver configuration:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete -f stackdriver.yaml
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>If you are not planning to explore any follow-on tasks, refer to the
|
||
<a href=/v1.21/docs/examples/bookinfo/#cleanup>Bookinfo cleanup</a> instructions to shutdown
|
||
the application.</p></li></ul><h2 id=availability-of-logs-in-export-sinks>Availability of logs in export sinks</h2><p>Export to BigQuery is within minutes (we see it to be almost instant), GCS can
|
||
have a delay of 2 to 12 hours and Pub/Sub is almost immediately.</p></div><nav class=pagenav><div class=left><a title="Describe Istio's authorization feature and how to use it in various use cases." href=/v1.21/blog/2018/istio-authorization/ class=next-link><svg class="icon left-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#left-arrow"/></svg>Micro-Segmentation with Istio Authorization</a></div><div class=right><a title="Describes how to configure Istio for monitoring and access policies of HTTP egress traffic." href=/v1.21/blog/2018/egress-monitoring-access-control/ class=next-link>Monitoring and Access Policies for HTTP Egress Traffic<svg class="icon right-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav></article><footer class=footer><div class="footer-wrapper container-l"><div class="user-links footer-links"><a class=channel title='GitHub is where development takes place on Istio code' href=https://github.com/istio/community aria-label=GitHub><svg class="icon github"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#github"/></svg>
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