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<!doctype html><html lang=en itemscope itemtype=https://schema.org/WebPage><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content="IE=edge"><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,shrink-to-fit=no"><meta name=theme-color content="#466BB0"><meta name=title content="Announcing Istio client-go"><meta name=description content="Getting programmatic access to Istio resources."><meta name=author content="Neeraj Poddar (Aspen Mesh)"><meta name=keywords content="microservices,services,mesh,client-go,tools,crd"><meta property="og:title" content="Announcing Istio client-go"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:description" content="Getting programmatic access to Istio resources."><meta property="og:url" content="/v1.21/blog/2019/announcing-istio-client-go/"><meta property="og:image" content="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio.io/master/static/img/istio-social.png"><meta property="og:image:alt" content="The Istio sailboat logo"><meta property="og:image:width" content="4096"><meta property="og:image:height" content="2048"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Istio"><meta name=twitter:card content="summary_large_image"><meta name=twitter:site content="@IstioMesh"><title>Istioldie 1.21 / Announcing Istio client-go</title>
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<button id=menu-close class=main-navigation-toggle aria-label="Close navigation"><svg class="icon menu-close"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#menu-close"/></svg></button></div><div id=header-links class=main-navigation-links-wrapper><ul class=main-navigation-links><li class=main-navigation-links-item><a class="main-navigation-links-link has-dropdown"><span>About</span><svg class="icon dropdown-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#dropdown-arrow"/></svg></a><ul class=main-navigation-links-dropdown><li class=main-navigation-links-dropdown-item><a href=/v1.21/about/service-mesh class=main-navigation-links-link>Service mesh</a></li><li class=main-navigation-links-dropdown-item><a href=/v1.21/about/solutions class=main-navigation-links-link>Solutions</a></li><li class=main-navigation-links-dropdown-item><a href=/v1.21/about/case-studies class=main-navigation-links-link>Case studies</a></li><li class=main-navigation-links-dropdown-item><a href=/v1.21/about/ecosystem class=main-navigation-links-link>Ecosystem</a></li><li class=main-navigation-links-dropdown-item><a href=/v1.21/about/deployment class=main-navigation-links-link>Deployment</a></li><li class=main-navigation-links-dropdown-item><a href=/v1.21/about/faq class=main-navigation-links-link>FAQ</a></li></ul></li><li class=main-navigation-links-item><a href=/v1.21/blog/ class=main-navigation-links-link><span>Blog</span></a></li><li class=main-navigation-links-item><a href=/v1.21/news/ class=main-navigation-links-link><span>News</span></a></li><li class=main-navigation-links-item><a href=/v1.21/get-involved/ class=main-navigation-links-link><span>Get involved</span></a></li><li class=main-navigation-links-item><a href=/v1.21/docs/ class=main-navigation-links-link><span>Documentation</span></a></li></ul><div class=main-navigation-footer><button id=search-show class=search-show title='Search this site' aria-label=Search><svg class="icon magnifier"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#magnifier"/></svg></button>
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<a href=/v1.21/docs/setup/getting-started class="btn btn--primary" id=try-istio>Try Istio</a></div></div><form id=search-form class=search name=cse role=search><input type=hidden name=cx value=002184991200833970123:iwwf17ikgf4>
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<input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8>
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<input type=hidden name=hl value=en>
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<input type=hidden id=search-page-url value=/search>
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<input id=search-textbox class="search-textbox form-control" name=q type=search aria-label='Search this site' placeholder=Search>
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<button id=search-close title='Cancel search' type=reset aria-label='Cancel search'><svg class="icon menu-close"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#menu-close"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><div class=banner-container></div><article class=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/BlogPosting><div class=header-content><h1>Announcing Istio client-go</h1><p>Getting programmatic access to Istio resources.</p></div><p class=post-author>Nov 14, 2019 <span>| </span>By Neeraj Poddar - Aspen Mesh</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>This blog post was written assuming Istio 1.4, so some of this content may now be outdated.</div></aside></div><div><p>We are pleased to announce the initial release of the Istio
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<a href=https://github.com/istio/client-go>client go</a> repository which enables developers
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to gain programmatic access to Istio APIs in a Kubernetes environment. The
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generated Kubernetes informers and client set in this repository makes it easy
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for developers to create controllers and perform Create, Read, Update and Delete
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(CRUD) operations for all Istio Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs).</p><p>This was a highly requested functionality by many Istio users, as is evident
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from the feature requests on the clients generated by <a href=https://github.com/aspenmesh/istio-client-go>Aspen Mesh</a>
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and the <a href=https://github.com/knative/pkg>Knative project</a>.
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If you’re currently using one of the above mentioned clients, you can easily
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switch to using <a href=https://github.com/istio/client-go>Istio client go</a> like
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this:</p><pre><code class=language-go data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>import (
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...
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- versionedclient "github.com/aspenmesh/istio-client-go/pkg/client/clientset/versioned"
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+ versionedclient "istio.io/client-go/pkg/clientset/versioned"
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)
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</code></pre><p>As the generated client sets are functionally equivalent, switching the imported
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client libraries should be sufficient in order to consume the newly
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generated library.</p><h2 id=how-to-use-client-go>How to use client-go</h2><p>The Istio <a href=https://github.com/istio/client-go>client go</a> repository follows the
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same branching strategy as the <a href=https://github.com/istio/api>Istio API</a>
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repository, as the client repository depends on the API definitions. If you want
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to use a stable client set, you can use the release branches or tagged versions
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in the <a href=https://github.com/istio/client-go>client go</a> repository.
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Using the client set is very similar to using the <a href=https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go>Kubernetes client
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go</a>, here’s a quick example of using
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the client to list all <a href=/v1.21/docs/reference/config/networking/virtual-service/>Istio
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virtual services</a>
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in the passed namespace:</p><pre><code class=language-go data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>package main
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import (
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"log"
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"os"
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metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
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"k8s.io/client-go/tools/clientcmd"
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versionedclient "istio.io/client-go/pkg/clientset/versioned"
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)
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func main() {
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kubeconfig := os.Getenv("KUBECONFIG")
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namespace := os.Getenv("NAMESPACE")
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if len(kubeconfig) == 0 || len(namespace) == 0 {
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log.Fatalf("Environment variables KUBECONFIG and NAMESPACE need to be set")
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}
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restConfig, err := clientcmd.BuildConfigFromFlags("", kubeconfig)
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if err != nil {
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log.Fatalf("Failed to create k8s rest client: %s", err)
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}
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ic, err := versionedclient.NewForConfig(restConfig)
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if err != nil {
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log.Fatalf("Failed to create istio client: %s", err)
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}
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// Print all VirtualServices
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vsList, err := ic.NetworkingV1alpha3().VirtualServices(namespace).List(metav1.ListOptions{})
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if err != nil {
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log.Fatalf("Failed to get VirtualService in %s namespace: %s", namespace, err)
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}
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for i := range vsList.Items {
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vs := vsList.Items[i]
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log.Printf("Index: %d VirtualService Hosts: %+v\n", i, vs.Spec.GetHosts())
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}
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}
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</code></pre><p>You can find a more in-depth example <a href=https://github.com/istio/client-go/blob/release-1.21/cmd/example/client.go>here</a>.</p><h2 id=useful-tools-created-for-generating-istio-client-go>Useful tools created for generating Istio client-go</h2><p>If you’re wondering why it took so long or why was it difficult to generate
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this client set, this section is for you. In Istio, we use
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<a href=https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers>protobuf</a> specifications to
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write APIs which are then converted to Go definitions
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using the protobuf tool chain. There are three major challenges which you might
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face if you’re trying to generate Kubernetes client set from a protobuf-generated API:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Creating Kubernetes Wrapper Types</strong> - Kubernetes <a href=https://github.com/kubernetes/code-generator/tree/master/cmd/client-gen>client generation</a>
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library only works for Go objects which follow the Kubernetes object
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specification for e.g. <a href=https://github.com/istio/client-go/blob/release-1.21/pkg/apis/authentication/v1alpha1/types.gen.go>Authentication Policy Kubernetes Wrappers</a>.
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This means for every API which needs programmatic access, you need to create
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these wrappers. Additionally, there is a fair amount of boilerplate needed for
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every <code>CRD</code> group, version and kind that needs client code generation.
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To automate this process, we created a <a href=https://github.com/istio/tools/tree/master/cmd/kubetype-gen>Kubernetes type
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generator</a> tool
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which can automatically create the Kubernetes types based on annotations.
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The annotations parsed by this tool and the various available options
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are explained in the <a href=https://github.com/istio/tools/blob/master/cmd/kubetype-gen/README.md>README</a>.
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Note that if you’re using protobuf tools to generate Go types, you would need to
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add these annotations as comments in the proto files, so that the comments are
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present in the generated Go files which are then used by this tool.</p></li><li><p><strong>Generating deep copy methods</strong> - In Kubernetes client machinery, if you want to
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mutate any object returned from the client set, you are required to make a copy
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of the object to prevent modifying the object in-place in the cache store. The
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canonical way to do this is to create a <code>deepcopy</code> method on all nested types.
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We created a tool <a href=https://github.com/istio/tools/tree/master/cmd/protoc-gen-deepcopy>protoc deep copy
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generator</a>
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which is a <code>protoc</code> plugin and can automatically create <code>deepcopy</code> method
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based on annotations using the Proto library utility <a href=https://godoc.org/github.com/golang/protobuf/proto#Clone>Proto
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Clone</a>. Here’s an
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<a href=https://github.com/istio/api/blob/release-1.21/authentication/v1alpha1/policy_deepcopy.gen.go>example</a>
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of the generated <code>deepcopy</code> method.</p></li><li><p><strong>Marshaling and Unmarshaling types to/from JSON</strong> - For the types generated
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from proto definitions, it is often problematic to use the default Go JSON
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encoder/decoder as there are various fields like protobuf’s <code>oneof</code> which requires
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special handling. Additionally, any Proto fields with underscores in their
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name might serialize/deserialize to different field names depending on the
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encoder/decoder as the Go struct tag are <a href=https://github.com/istio/istio/issues/17600>generated
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differently</a>.
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It is always recommended to use protobuf primitives for
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serializing/deserializing to JSON instead of relying on default Go
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library. We created a tool <a href=https://github.com/istio/tools/tree/master/cmd/protoc-gen-jsonshim>protoc JSON
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shim</a> which
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is a <code>protoc</code> plugin and can automatically create Marshalers/Unmarshalers for
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all Go type generated from Proto definitions. Here’s an
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<a href=https://github.com/istio/api/blob/release-1.21/authentication/v1alpha1/policy_json.gen.go>example</a>
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of the code generated by this tool.</p></li></ul><p>I’m hoping that the newly released client library enables users to create more
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integrations and controllers for the Istio APIs, and the tools mentioned above
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can be used by developers to generate Kubernetes client set from Proto APIs.</p></div><nav class=pagenav><div class=left></div><div class=right><a title="Provision and manage DNS certificates in Istio." href=/v1.21/blog/2019/dns-cert/ class=next-link>DNS Certificate Management<svg class="icon right-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav></article><footer class=footer><div class="footer-wrapper container-l"><div class="user-links footer-links"><a class=channel title='GitHub is where development takes place on Istio code' href=https://github.com/istio/community aria-label=GitHub><svg class="icon github"><use xlink:href="/v1.21/img/icons.svg#github"/></svg>
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