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data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse1" title="Concepts help you learn about the different parts of the Istio system and the abstractions it uses." role="button" aria-controls="collapse1"><div> Concepts</div></a></div><div id="collapse1" class="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header1"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="A broad overview of the Istio system." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/what-is-istio">What is Istio?</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Provides a conceptual introduction to Istio, including the problems it solves and its high-level architecture." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/overview.html">Overview</a></li><li> <a title="Describes the core principles that Istio's design adheres to." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/goals.html">Design Goals</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes the various Istio features focused on traffic routing and control." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/traffic-management">Traffic Management</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Provides a conceptual overview of traffic management in Istio and the features it enables." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/traffic-management/overview.html">Overview</a></li><li> <a title="Introduces Pilot, the component responsible for managing a distributed deployment of Envoy proxies in the service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/traffic-management/pilot.html">Pilot</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how requests are routed between services in an Istio service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/traffic-management/request-routing.html">Request Routing</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how traffic is load balanced across instances of a service in the mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/traffic-management/load-balancing.html">Discovery & Load Balancing</a></li><li> <a title="An overview of failure recovery capabilities in Envoy that can be leveraged by unmodified applications to improve robustness and prevent cascading failures." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/traffic-management/handling-failures.html">Handling Failures</a></li><li> <a title="Introduces the idea of systematic fault injection that can be used to uncover conflicting failure recovery policies across services." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/traffic-management/fault-injection.html">Fault Injection</a></li><li> <a title="Provides a high-level overview of the domain-specific language used by Istio to configure traffic management rules in the service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/traffic-management/rules-configuration.html">Rules Configuration</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes Istio's authorization and authentication functionality." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/security">Security</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Describes Istio RBAC which provides access control for services in Istio Mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/security/rbac.html">Istio Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)</a></li><li> <a title="Describes Istio's mutual TLS authentication architecture which provides a strong service identity and secure communication channels between services." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/security/mutual-tls.html">Mutual TLS Authentication</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Introduces the policy control mechanisms." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/policy-and-control">Policies and Control</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Explains the important notion of attributes, which is a central mechanism for how policies and control are applied to services within the mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/policy-and-control/attributes.html">Attributes</a></li><li> <a title="Architectural deep-dive into the design of Mixer, which provides the policy and control mechanisms within the service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/policy-and-control/mixer.html">Mixer</a></li><li> <a title="An overview of the key concepts used to configure Mixer." href="/v0.7/docs/concepts/policy-and-control/mixer-config.html">Mixer Configuration</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header20"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse20" title="Setup contains instructions for installing the Istio control plane in various environments (e.g., Kubernetes, Consul, etc.), as well as instructions for installing the sidecar in the application deployment." role="button" aria-controls="collapse20"><div> Setup</div></a></div><div id="collapse20" class="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header20"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes and adding VMs into the mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/kubernetes">Kubernetes</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh in a Kubernetes cluster." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/kubernetes/quick-start.html">Quick Start</a></li><li> <a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service using Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)" href="/v0.7/docs/setup/kubernetes/quick-start-gke-dm.html">Quick Start with Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li> <a title="Install Istio with the included Helm chart." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/kubernetes/helm-install.html">Installation with Helm</a></li><li> <a title="Install Itio with the included Ansible playbook." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/kubernetes/ansible-install.html">Installation with Ansible</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/kubernetes/sidecar-injection.html">Installing the Istio Sidecar</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for integrating VMs and bare metal hosts into an Istio mesh deployed on Kubernetes." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/kubernetes/mesh-expansion.html">Istio Mesh Expansion</a></li><li> <a title="This guide demonstrates how to upgrade the Istio control plane and data plane independently." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/kubernetes/upgrading-istio.html">Upgrading Istio</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul based environment, with or without Nomad." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/consul">Nomad & Consul</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh with Docker Compose." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/consul/quick-start.html">Quick Start on Docker</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Consul based environment, with or without Nomad." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/consul/install.html">Installation</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in a Eureka based environment." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/eureka">Eureka</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Quick Start instructions to setup the Istio service mesh with Docker Compose." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/eureka/quick-start.html">Quick Start on Docker</a></li><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in an Eureka based environment." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/eureka/install.html">Installation</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in Cloud Foundry." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/cloudfoundry">Cloud Foundry</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in Cloud Foundry." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/cloudfoundry/install.html">Installation</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in Apache Mesos." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/mesos">Mesos</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane in Apache Mesos." href="/v0.7/docs/setup/mesos/install.html">Installation</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header39"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse39" title="Tasks show you how to do a single specific targeted activity with the Istio system." role="button" aria-controls="collapse39"><div> Tasks</div></a></div><div id="collapse39" class="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header39"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes tasks that demonstrate traffic routing features of Istio service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management">Traffic Management</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing based on weights and HTTP headers." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing.html">Configuring Request Routing</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to inject delays and test the resiliency of your application." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection.html">Fault Injection</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting.html">Traffic Shifting</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts.html">Setting Request Timeouts</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio Ingress on Kubernetes." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress.html">Istio Ingress</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress.html">Control Egress Traffic</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio to route TCP traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress-tcp.html">Control Egress TCP Traffic</a></li><li> <a title="This task demonstrates the circuit-breaking capability for resilient applications" href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking.html">Circuit Breaking</a></li><li> <a title="Demonstrates Istio's traffic shadowing/mirroring capabilities" href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring.html">Mirroring</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="WIP - Describes tasks that demonstrate traffic routing features of Istio service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3">Traffic Management (v1alpha3)</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing based on weights and HTTP headers." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/request-routing.html">Configuring Request Routing</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to inject delays and test the resiliency of your application." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/fault-injection.html">Fault Injection</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/traffic-shifting.html">Traffic Shifting</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/request-timeouts.html">Setting Request Timeouts</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/ingress.html">Control Ingress Traffic</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/egress.html">Control Egress Traffic</a></li><li> <a title="Describes how to configure Istio to route TCP traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/egress-tcp.html">Control Egress TCP Traffic</a></li><li> <a title="This task demonstrates the circuit-breaking capability for resilient applications" href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/circuit-breaking.html">Circuit Breaking</a></li><li> <a title="This task demonstrates the traffic shadowing/mirroring capabilities of Istio" href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/traffic-management-v1alpha3/mirroring.html">Mirroring</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes tasks that demonstrate policy enforcement features." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement">Policy Enforcement</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="This task shows you how to use Istio to dynamically limit the traffic to a service." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/rate-limiting.html">Enabling Rate Limits</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes tasks that demonstrate how to collect telemetry information from the service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/telemetry">Metrics, Logs, and Traces</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin or Jaeger" href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing.html">Distributed Tracing</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics and logs." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics-logs.html">Collecting Metrics and Logs</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/telemetry/tcp-metrics.html">Collecting Metrics for TCP services</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/telemetry/querying-metrics.html">Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/telemetry/using-istio-dashboard.html">Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to generate a graph of services within an Istio mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/telemetry/servicegraph.html">Generating a Service Graph</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to log to a Fluentd daemon" href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/telemetry/fluentd.html">Logging with Fluentd</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes tasks that help securing the service mesh traffic." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/security">Security</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="This task shows you how to verify and test Istio's automatic mutual TLS authentication." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/security/mutual-tls.html">Testing Istio mutual TLS authentication</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to control access to a service using the Kubernetes labels." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/security/basic-access-control.html">Setting up Basic Access Control</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to securely control access to a service using service accounts." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/security/secure-access-control.html">Setting up Secure Access Control</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to set up role-based access control for services in Istio mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/security/role-based-access-control.html">Setting up Istio Role-Based Access Control</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to change mutual TLS authentication for a single service." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/security/per-service-mtls.html">Per-service mutual TLS authentication enablement</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how operators can plug existing certificate and key into Istio CA." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/security/plugin-ca-cert.html">Plugging in CA certificate and key</a></li><li> <a title="This task shows how to enable Istio CA health check." href="/v0.7/docs/tasks/security/health-check.html">Enabling Istio CA health check</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header78"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse78" title="Guides include a variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with." role="button" aria-controls="collapse78"><div> Guides</div></a></div><div id="collapse78" class="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header78"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li> <a title="This guide deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices which will be used to demonstrate various features of the Istio service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/guides/bookinfo.html">Bookinfo</a></li><li> <a title="This guide demonstrates how to use various traffic management capabilities of an Istio service mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/guides/intelligent-routing.html">Intelligent Routing</a></li><li> <a title="This sample demonstrates how to obtain uniform metrics, logs, traces across different services using Istio Mixer and Istio sidecar." href="/v0.7/docs/guides/telemetry.html">In-Depth Telemetry</a></li><li> <a title="This sample deploys the Bookinfo services across Kubernetes and a set of virtual machines, and illustrates how to use the Istio service mesh to control this infrastructure as a single mesh." href="/v0.7/docs/guides/integrating-vms.html">Integrating Virtual Machines</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="card"><div class="card-header" role="tab" id="header83"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse83" title="The Reference section contains detailed authoritative reference material such as command-line options, configuration options, and API calling parameters." role="button" aria-controls="collapse83"><div> Reference</div></a></div><div id="collapse83" class="collapse show" data-parent="#sidebar" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="header83"><div class="card-body"><ul class="tree"><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Detailed information on API parameters." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/api">API</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="API definitions to interact with Mixer" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/api/istio.mixer.v1.html">Mixer</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Detailed information on configuration options." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config">Configuration</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Configuration state for the Mixer client library" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/istio.mixer.v1.config.client.html">Mixer Client</a></li><li> <a title="Configuration affecting resource-based access control" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/istio.rbac.v1alpha1.html">RBAC</a></li><li> <a title="Configuration affecting traffic routing" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/istio.routing.v1alpha1.html">Route Rules Alpha 1</a></li><li> <a title="Configuration affecting traffic routing" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/istio.networking.v1alpha3.html">Route Rules Alpha 3</a></li><li> <a title="Configuration affecting the service mesh as a whole" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/istio.mesh.v1alpha1.html">Service Mesh</a></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Detailed information on configuration and API exposed by Mixer." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/mixer">Mixer</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Definitions used to create adapters and templates" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/mixer/istio.mixer.adapter.model.v1beta1.html">Mixer Adapter Model</a></li><li> <a title="Describes the base attribute vocabulary used for policy and control." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/mixer/attribute-vocabulary.html">Attribute Vocabulary</a></li><li> <a title="Mixer config expression language reference." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/mixer/expression-language.html">Expression Language</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Generated documentation for Mixer's adapters." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters">Adapters</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Adapter for circonus.com's monitoring solution." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/circonus.html">Circonus</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a dogstatsd agent for delivery to DataDog" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/datadog.html">Datadog</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that always returns a precondition denial." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/denier.html">Denier</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that delivers logs to a fluentd daemon." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/fluentd.html">Fluentd</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that extracts information from a Kubernetes environment." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/kubernetesenv.html">Kubernetes Env</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that performs whitelist or blacklist checks" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/list.html">List</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter for a simple in-memory quota management system." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/memquota.html">Memory quota</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that implements an Open Policy Agent engine" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/opa.html">OPA</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that exposes Istio metrics for ingestion by a Prometheus harvester." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/prometheus.html">Prometheus</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that exposes Istio's Role-Based Access Control model." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/rbac.html">RBAC</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter for a Redis-based quota management system." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/redisquota.html">Redis Quota</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter that delivers logs and metrics to Google Service Control" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/servicecontrol.html">Service Control</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Papertrail and AppOptics backends" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/solarwinds.html">SolarWinds</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Stackdriver" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/stackdriver.html">Stackdriver</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a StatsD backend" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/statsd.html">StatsD</a></li><li> <a title="Adapter for outputting logs and metrics locally." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/adapters/stdio.html">Stdio</a></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Generated documentation for Mixer's Templates." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template">Templates</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="A template that represents a single API key." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/apikey.html">API Key</a></li><li> <a title="A template used to represent an access control query." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/authorization.html">Authorization</a></li><li> <a title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/checknothing.html">Check Nothing</a></li><li> <a title="A template that is used to control the production of Kubernetes-specific attributes." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/kubernetes.html">Kubernetes</a></li><li> <a title="A template designed to let you perform list checking operations." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/listentry.html">List Entry</a></li><li> <a title="A template that represents a single runtime log entry." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/logentry.html">Log Entry</a></li><li> <a title="A template that represents a single runtime metric." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/metric.html">Metric</a></li><li> <a title="A template that represents a quota allocation request" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/quota.html">Quota</a></li><li> <a title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/reportnothing.html">Report Nothing</a></li><li> <a title="A template used by the Google Service Control adapter." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/config/template/servicecontrolreport.html">Service Control Report</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="sublist"> <label class='tree-toggle'> <i class='fa fa-lg fa-caret-right'></i> <a class="" title="Describes usage and options of the Istio commands and utilities." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands">Commands</a> </label><ul class="tree collapse"><li> <a title="Istio Certificate Authority (CA)" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands/istio_ca.html">istio_ca</a></li><li> <a title="Istio control interface" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands/istioctl.html">istioctl</a></li><li> <a title="Utility to trigger direct calls to Mixer&#39;s API." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands/mixc.html">mixc</a></li><li> <a title="Mixer is Istio&#39;s abstraction on top of infrastructure backends." href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands/mixs.html">mixs</a></li><li> <a title="Istio security per-node agent" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands/node_agent.html">node_agent</a></li><li> <a title="Istio Pilot agent" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent.html">pilot-agent</a></li><li> <a title="Istio Pilot" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery.html">pilot-discovery</a></li><li> <a title="Kubernetes webhook for automatic Istio sidecar injection" href="/v0.7/docs/reference/commands/sidecar-injector.html">sidecar-injector</a></li></ul></li><li> <span class="current" title="How to write Istio config YAML content.">Writing Configuration</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></nav></div><div class="col-12 col-md-9 col-lg-7 col-xl-8"><p class="d-md-none"> <label class="sidebar-toggler" data-toggle="offcanvas"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i> </label></p><main role="main"><h1>Writing Configuration</h1><p>This page describes how to write configuration that conforms to Istio’s schemas. All configuration schemas in Istio are defined as <a href="https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto3">protobuf messages</a>. When in doubt, search for the protos.</p><h2 id="translating-to-yaml">Translating to YAML</h2><p>There’s an implicit mapping from protobuf to YAML using <a href="https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto3#json">protobuf’s mapping to JSON</a>. Below are a few examples showing common mappings you’ll encounter writing configuration in Istio.</p><p><strong>Important things to note:</strong></p><ul><li>YAML fields are implicitly strings</li><li>Proto <code class="highlighter-rouge">repeated</code> fields map to YAML lists; each element in a YAML list is prefixed by a dash (<code class="highlighter-rouge">-</code>)</li><li>Proto <code class="highlighter-rouge">message</code>s map to objects; in YAML objects are field names all at the same indentation level</li><li>YAML is whitespace sensitive and must use spaces; tabs are never allowed</li></ul><h3 id="map-and-message-fields"><code class="highlighter-rouge">map</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">message</code> fields</h3><table><tbody><tr><th>Proto</th><th>YAML</th></tr><tr><td><pre>
message Metric {
string descriptor_name = 1;
string value = 2;
map&lt;string, string&gt; labels = 3;
}
</pre></td><td><pre>
descriptorName: request_count
value: "1"
labels:
source: origin.ip
destination: destination.service
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table><p><em>Note that when numeric literals are used as strings (like <code class="highlighter-rouge">value</code> above) they must be enclosed in quotes. Quotation marks (<code class="highlighter-rouge">"</code>) are optional for normal strings.</em></p><h3 id="repeated-fields"><code class="highlighter-rouge">repeated</code> fields</h3><table><tbody><tr><th>Proto</th><th>YAML</th></tr><tr><td><pre>
message Metric {
string descriptor_name = 1;
string value = 2;
map&lt;string, string&gt; labels = 3;
}
message MetricsParams {
repeated Metric metrics = 1;
}
</pre></td><td><pre>
metrics:
- descriptorName: request_count
value: "1"
labels:
source: origin.ip
destination: destination.service
- descriptorName: request_latency
value: response.duration
labels:
source: origin.ip
destination: destination.service
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="enum-fields"><code class="highlighter-rouge">enum</code> fields</h3><table><tbody><tr><th>Proto</th><th>YAML</th></tr><tr><td><pre>
enum ValueType {
STRING = 1;
INT64 = 2;
DOUBLE = 3;
// more values omitted
}
message AttributeDescriptor {
string name = 1;
string description = 2;
ValueType value_type = 3;
}
</pre></td><td><pre>
name: request.duration
value_type: INT64
</pre>or<pre>
name: request.duration
valueType: INT64
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table><p><em>Note that YAML parsing will handle both <code class="highlighter-rouge">snake_case</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">lowerCamelCase</code> field names. <code class="highlighter-rouge">lowerCamelCase</code> is the canonical version in YAML.</em></p><h3 id="nested-message-fields">Nested <code class="highlighter-rouge">message</code> fields</h3><table><tbody><tr><th>Proto</th><th>YAML</th></tr><tr><td><pre>
enum ValueType {
STRING = 1;
INT64 = 2;
DOUBLE = 3;
// more values omitted
}
message LabelDescriptor {
string name = 1;
string description = 2;
ValueType value_type = 3;
}
message MonitoredResourceDescriptor {
string name = 1;
string description = 2;
repeated LabelDescriptor labels = 3;
}
</pre></td><td><pre>
name: My Monitored Resource
labels:
- name: label one
valueType: STRING
- name: second label
valueType: DOUBLE
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="timestamp-duration-and-64-bit-integer-fields"><code class="highlighter-rouge">Timestamp</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">Duration</code>, and 64 bit integer fields</h3><p>The protobuf spec special cases the JSON/YAML representations of a few well-known protobuf messages. 64 bit integer types are also special due to the fact that JSON numbers are implicitly doubles, which cannot represent all valid 64 bit integer values.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Proto</th><th>YAML</th></tr><tr><td><pre>
message Quota {
string descriptor_name = 1;
map&lt;string, string&gt; labels = 2;
int64 max_amount = 3;
google.protobuf.Duration expiration = 4;
}
</pre></td><td><pre>
descriptorName: RequestCount
labels:
label one: STRING
second label: DOUBLE
maxAmount: "7"
expiration: 1.000340012s
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Specifically, the <a href="https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto3#json">protobuf spec declares</a>:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Proto</th><th>JSON/YAML</th><th>Example</th><th>Notes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Timestamp</td><td>string</td><td>“1972-01-01T10:00:20.021Z”</td><td>Uses RFC 3339, where generated output will always be Z-normalized and uses 0, 3, 6 or 9 fractional digits.</td></tr><tr><td>Duration</td><td>string</td><td>“1.000340012s”, “1s”</td><td>Generated output always contains 0, 3, 6, or 9 fractional digits, depending on required precision. Accepted are any fractional digits (also none) as long as they fit into nano-seconds precision.</td></tr><tr><td>int64, fixed64, uint64</td><td>string</td><td>“1”, “-10”</td><td>JSON value will be a decimal string. Either numbers or strings are accepted.</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="whats-next">What’s next</h2><ul><li>TODO: link to overall mixer config concept guide (how the config pieces fit together)</li></ul></main></div><div class="col-12 col-md-2 d-none d-lg-block"><nav class="toc"><div class="spacer"></div><div class="directory" role="directory"><ul><li><a href="#translating-to-yaml">Translating to YAML</a><ul><li><a href="#map-and-message-fields">map and message fields</a></li><li><a href="#repeated-fields">repeated fields</a></li><li><a href="#enum-fields">enum fields</a></li><li><a href="#nested-message-fields">Nested message fields</a></li><li><a href="#timestamp-duration-and-64-bit-integer-fields">Timestamp, Duration, and 64 bit integer fields</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#whats-next">What’s next</a></li></ul></div></nav></div></div></div><div class="footer"><footer><div class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><div class="col-6 col-lg-4" role="navigation"><div 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c3.275-4.447,9.535-5.396,13.982-2.121L245,263.712l184.5-135.886c4.447-3.274,10.709-2.326,13.982,2.121 c3.275,4.447,2.325,10.707-2.121,13.982L250.931,284.183C249.167,285.482,247.083,286.131,245,286.131z"/> </svg> </a></div><div class="icon"> <a title="GitHub is where development takes place on Istio code" href="https://github.com/istio/community"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 478.165 478.165"><path d="M349.22,55.768c6.136,14.046,10.241,37.556,4.224,54.69 c24.426,20.999,33.073,71.904,21.079,113.704c35.006,2.73,76.666-1.235,103.642,9.484c-25.183-3.248-59.651-9.563-91.987-7.431 c-6.136,0.458-15.361-0.239-14.903,8.408c37.735,3.008,75.092,6.117,105.894,15.779c-30.702-4.981-67.74-12.552-105.894-13.668 c-15.54,30.921-47.239,46.262-90.991,49.49c4.682,10.261,13.847,14.066,15.879,30.702c3.267,24.406-4.881,60.328,3.208,76.686 c4.064,7.89,10.579,8.009,14.863,14.604c-10.699,12.871-37.257-1.395-40.186-14.604c-5.14-22.852,7.89-58.256-6.415-73.737 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