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<button id=search-close title="Cancel search" type=reset aria-label="Cancel search"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#cancel-x"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><main class=primary><div id=sidebar-container class="sidebar-container sidebar-offcanvas"><nav id=sidebar aria-label="Section Navigation"><div class=directory><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card32 title="Learn about the different parts of the Istio system and the abstractions it uses." aria-controls=card32-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#concepts"/></svg>Concepts</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card32 role=region id=card32-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section aria-labelledby=card32><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Introduces Istio, the problems it solves, its high-level architecture and design goals." href=/v1.3/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/>What is Istio?</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the various Istio features focused on traffic routing and control." href=/v1.3/docs/concepts/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's authorization and authentication functionality." href=/v1.3/docs/concepts/security/>Policies and Security</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the telemetry and monitoring features provided by Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/concepts/observability/>Observability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Introduces performance and scalability for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/concepts/performance-and-scalability/>Performance and Scalability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the system models that impact your overall Istio depolyment." href=/v1.3/docs/concepts/deployment-models/>Deployment Models</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card49 title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes and adding virtual machines into the mesh." aria-controls=card49-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#setup"/></svg>Setup</button><div class="body default" aria-labelledby=card49 role=region id=card49-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card49><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Download, install, and try out Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/getting-started/>Getting Started</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Platform Setup"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="How to prepare various Kubernetes platforms before installing Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/>Platform Setup</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes cluster for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/alicloud/>Alibaba Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Azure cluster for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/azure/>Azure</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Docker Desktop for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/docker/>Docker Desktop</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an IBM Cloud cluster for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/ibm/>IBM Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Gardener cluster for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/gardener/>Kubernetes Gardener</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup MicroK8s for use with Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/microk8s/>MicroK8s</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup minikube for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/minikube/>Minikube</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OpenShift cluster for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/openshift/>OpenShift</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OKE cluster for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/platform-setup/oci/>Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Install><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Choose the guide that best suits your needs and platform." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/>Install</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio in a Kubernetes cluster for evaluation." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/kubernetes/>Quick Start Evaluation Install</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and configure Istio for in-depth evaluation or production use." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/helm/>Customizable Install with Helm</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and configure Istio using the Istio Operator CLI." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/operator/>Operator CLI-based Installation [Experimental]</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Multi-cluster Installation"><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Configure an Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/>Multi-cluster Installation</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section><li role=none><span role=treeitem class=current title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with replicated control plane instances.">Replicated control planes</span></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with a shared control plane and VPN connectivity between clusters." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/shared-vpn/>Shared control plane (single-network)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters using a shared control plane for disconnected cluster networks." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/shared-gateways/>Shared control plane (multi-network)</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Upgrade><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Information on upgrading Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/upgrade/>Upgrade</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Important changes to consider when upgrading to Istio 1.3." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/upgrade/notice/>1.3 Upgrade Notice</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Upgrade the Istio control plane and data plane independently." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/upgrade/steps/>Upgrade Steps</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="More Guides"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="More information on additional setup tasks." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/additional-setup/>More Guides</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Prepare your Kubernetes pods and services to run in an Istio-enabled cluster." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/additional-setup/requirements/>Pods and Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the built-in Istio installation configuration profiles." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/additional-setup/config-profiles/>Installation Configuration Profiles</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/additional-setup/sidecar-injection/>Installing the Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and use Istio with the Istio CNI plugin, allowing operators to deploy services with lower privilege." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/additional-setup/cni/>Install Istio with the Istio CNI plugin</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card72 title="How to do single specific targeted activities with the Istio system." aria-controls=card72-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#tasks"/></svg>Tasks</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card72 role=region id=card72-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card72><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tasks that demonstrate Istio's traffic routing features." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing to multiple versions of a microservice." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing/>Request Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to inject faults to test the resiliency of your application." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection/>Fault Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting/>Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate TCP traffic from an old to new version of a TCP service." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/tcp-traffic-shifting/>TCP Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts/>Request Timeouts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure circuit breaking for connections, requests, and outlier detection." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking/>Circuit Breaking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task demonstrates the traffic mirroring/shadowing capabilities of Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring/>Mirroring</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Ingress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling ingress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/>Ingress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Istio gateway to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-control/>Ingress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Expose a service outside of the service mesh over TLS or mTLS using file-mounted certificates." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/secure-ingress-mount/>Secure Gateways (File Mount)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Expose a service outside of the service mesh over TLS or mTLS using the secret discovery service (SDS)." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/secure-ingress-sds/>Secure Gateways (SDS)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI passthrough for an ingress gateway." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-sni-passthrough/>Ingress Gateway without TLS Termination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Demonstrates how to obtain Let's Encrypt TLS certificates for Kubernetes Ingress automatically using Cert-Manager." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-certmgr/>Kubernetes Ingress with Cert-Manager</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Egress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling egress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/>Egress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-control/>Accessing External Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to perform TLS origination for traffic to external services." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-tls-origination/>Egress TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to direct traffic to external services through a dedicated gateway." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/>Egress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Egress Gateway to perform TLS origination to external services." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway-tls-origination/>Egress Gateways with TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to enable egress traffic for a set of hosts in a common domain, instead of configuring each and every host separately." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/wildcard-egress-hosts/>Egress using Wildcard Hosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI monitoring and apply policies on TLS egress traffic." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress_sni_monitoring_and_policies/>Monitoring and Policies for TLS Egress</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to let applications use an external HTTPS proxy." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/http-proxy/>Using an External HTTPS Proxy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to secure the mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/authn-policy/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up role-based access control for HTTP services." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/authz-http/>Authorization for HTTP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up role-based access control for TCP services." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/authz-tcp/>Authorization for TCP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Tutorial on how to configure the groups-base authorization and configure the authorization of list-typed claims in Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/rbac-groups/>Authorization for groups and list claims</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to use Authorization permissive mode." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/authz-permissive/>Authorization permissive mode</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to verify and test Istio's automatic mutual TLS authentication." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/mutual-tls/>Mutual TLS Deep-Dive</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how operators can configure Citadel with existing root certificate, signing certificate and key." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/plugin-ca-cert/>Plugging in External CA Key and Certificate</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to enable Citadel health checking with Kubernetes." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/health-check/>Citadel Health Checking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to enable SDS (secret discovery service) for Istio identity provisioning." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/auth-sds/>Provisioning Identity through SDS</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configure which namespaces Citadel should generate service account secrets for." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/ca-namespace-targeting/>Configure Citadel Service Account Secret Generation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to incrementally migrate your Istio services to mutual TLS." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/mtls-migration/>Mutual TLS Migration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to enable mutual TLS on HTTPS services." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/https-overlay/>Mutual TLS over HTTPS</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Policies><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates policy enforcement features." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/>Policies</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to enable Istio policy enforcement." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/enabling-policy/>Enabling Policy Enforcement</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to use Istio to dynamically limit the traffic to a service." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/rate-limiting/>Enabling Rate Limits</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to modify request headers and routing using policy adapters." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/control-headers/>Control Headers and Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to control access to a service using simple denials or white/black listing." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/denial-and-list/>Denials and White/Black Listing</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Telemetry><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to collect telemetry information from the mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/>Telemetry</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label=Metrics><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the configuration, collection, and processing of Istio mesh metrics." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/>Metrics</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect and customize metrics." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/collecting-metrics/>Collecting Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/tcp-metrics/>Collecting Metrics for TCP services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/querying-metrics/>Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/metrics/using-istio-dashboard/>Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Logs><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the configuration, collection, and processing of Istio mesh logs." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/>Logs</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect and customize logs." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/collecting-logs/>Collecting Logs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Envoy proxies to print access log to their standard output." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/access-log/>Getting Envoy&#39;s Access Logs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to log to a Fluentd daemon." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/logs/fluentd/>Logging with Fluentd</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Distributed Tracing"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio-enabled applications to collect trace spans." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/>Distributed Tracing</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Overview of distributed tracing in Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/overview/>Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Jaeger." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/jaeger/>Jaeger</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to LightStep." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/distributed-tracing/lightstep/>LightStep</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to visualize your services within an Istio mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/kiali/>Visualizing Your Mesh</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure external access to the set of Istio telemetry addons." href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/telemetry/gateways/>Remotely Accessing Telemetry Addons</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card90 title="A variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with." aria-controls=card90-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#examples"/></svg>Examples</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card90 role=region id=card90-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card90><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices used to demonstrate various Istio features." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo Application</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Explains how to manually integrate Google Cloud Endpoints services with Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/endpoints/>Install Istio for Google Cloud Endpoints Services</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Mesh Expansion"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Configure an Istio mesh spanning Kubernetes clusters, VMs and bare metals." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/mesh-expansion/>Mesh Expansion</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Integrate VMs and bare metal hosts into an Istio mesh deployed on Kubernetes." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/mesh-expansion/single-network/>Single-network Mesh Expansion</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Integrate VMs and bare metal hosts into an Istio mesh deployed on Kubernetes with gateways." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/mesh-expansion/multi-network/>Multi-network Mesh Expansion</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Illustrates how to expand the Bookinfo application's mesh with a raw VM service." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/mesh-expansion/bookinfo-expanded/>Bookinfo with Mesh Expansion</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Multicluster Service Mesh"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Multicluster service mesh examples for Istio that you can experiment with." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/multicluster/>Multicluster Service Mesh</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Set up a multicluster mesh over two GKE clusters." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/multicluster/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Example multicluster mesh over two IBM Cloud Private clusters." href=/v1.3/docs/examples/multicluster/icp/>IBM Cloud Private</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card104 title="Hints, tips, tricks about running an Istio mesh." aria-controls=card104-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#guide"/></svg>Operations</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card104 role=region id=card104-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card104><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to do health checking for Istio services." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/app-health-check/>Health Checking of Istio Services</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Installation and Configuration"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes important requirements, concepts, and considerations for installing and configuring Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/setup/>Installation and Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/setup/injection-concepts/>Automatic Sidecar Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to check which capabilities are allowed for your pods." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/setup/required-pod-capabilities/>Required Pod Capabilities</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Provides a general overview of Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks and the related issues that can arise." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/setup/webhook/>Dynamic Admission Webhooks Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for server-side configuration validation." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/setup/validation/>Configuration Validation Webhook</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the networking aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="An introduction to Istio networking operational aspects." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/traffic-management/introduction/>Introduction to Network Operations</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Provides specific deployment or configuration guidelines to avoid networking or traffic management issues." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/traffic-management/deploy-guidelines/>Avoiding Traffic Management Issues</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to enable and understand Locality Load Balancing." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/>Locality Load Balancing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to specify protocols." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/traffic-management/protocol-selection/>Protocol Selection</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the security aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Use hardened container images to reduce Istio's attack surface." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/security/harden-docker-images/>Harden Docker Container Images</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to extend the lifetime of the Istio self-signed root certificate." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/security/root-transition/>Extending Self-Signed Certificate Lifetime</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Telemetry><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage telemetry collection and visualization in a running mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/telemetry/>Telemetry</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to enable in-proxy generation of HTTP service-level metrics." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/telemetry/in-proxy-service-telemetry/>Generate Istio Metrics Without Mixer [Experimental]</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Fine-grained control of Envoy statistics." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/telemetry/envoy-stats/>Envoy Statistics</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Troubleshooting><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to identify and resolve common problems in Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/>Troubleshooting</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio includes a supplemental tool that provides debugging and diagnosis for Istio service mesh deployments." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/istioctl/>Using the istioctl command-line tool</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Tools and techniques to address common Istio traffic management and network problems." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/network-issues/>Network Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Tools and techniques to address common Istio authentication, authorization, and general security-related problems." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/security-issues/>Security Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resolve common problems with Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/injection/>Sidecar Injection Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="What to do if Citadel is not behaving properly." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/repairing-citadel/>Repairing Citadel</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes tools and techniques to diagnose Envoy configuration issues related to traffic management." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/proxy-cmd/>Debugging Envoy and Pilot</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to resolve Galley configuration problems." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/validation/>Galley Configuration Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Diagnose problems where metrics are not being collected." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/missing-metrics/>Missing Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Dealing with Grafana issues." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/grafana/>Missing Grafana Output</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Fix missing traces in Zipkin." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/missing-traces/>Missing Zipkin Traces</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use istioctl describe to verify the configurations of a pod in your mesh." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/istioctl-describe/>Understand your Mesh with istioctl describe</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use component-level logging to get insights into a running component's behavior." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/component-logging/>Component Logging</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use ControlZ to get insight into individual running components." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/controlz/>Component Introspection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Limitations for using Tcpdump in pods." href=/v1.3/docs/ops/troubleshooting/tcpdump-notes/>Tcpdump Limitations</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card126 title="Detailed authoritative reference material such as command-line options, configuration options, and API calling parameters." aria-controls=card126-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#reference"/></svg>Reference</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card126 role=region id=card126-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card126><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Detailed information on configuration options." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure HTTP/TCP routing features." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/networking/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting load balancing, outlier detection, etc." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/destination-rule/>Destination Rule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Customizing Envoy configuration generated by Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/envoy-filter/>Envoy Filter</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting edge load balancer." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/gateway/>Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting service registry." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/service-entry/>Service Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting network reachability of a sidecar." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/sidecar/>Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting label/content routing, sni routing, etc." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/networking/v1alpha3/virtual-service/>Virtual Service</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Authentication policy for Istio services." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/istio.authentication.v1alpha1/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resource annotations used by Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/annotations/>Resource Annotations</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authorization><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's authorization features." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/authorization/>Authorization</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the supported constraints and properties." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/authorization/constraints-and-properties/>Constraints and Properties</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Role Based Access Control." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/authorization/istio.rbac.v1alpha1/>RBAC</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the options available when installing Istio using the included Helm chart." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/installation-options/>Installation Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Details the Helm chart installation options differences between release-1.2 and release-1.3." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/installation-options-changes/>Installation Options Changes</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Policies and Telemetry"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's policy and telemetry features." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/>Policies and Telemetry</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the configuration model for Istio's policy enforcement and telemetry mechanisms." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/mixer-overview/>Mixer Configuration Model</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the base attribute vocabulary used for policy and control." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/attribute-vocabulary/>Attribute Vocabulary</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Mixer configuration expression language reference." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/expression-language/>Expression Language</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Adapters><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Mixer adapters allow Istio to interface to a variety of infrastructure backends for such things as metrics and logs." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/>Adapters</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to Apache SkyWalking." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/apache-skywalking/>Apache SkyWalking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for Apigee's distributed policy checks and analytics." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/apigee/>Apigee</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to enforce authentication and authorization policies for web apps and APIs." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/app-identity-access-adapter/>App Identity and Access</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for circonus.com's monitoring solution." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/circonus/>Circonus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for cloudmonitor metrics." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudmonitor/>CloudMonitor</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for cloudwatch metrics." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudwatch/>CloudWatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a dogstatsd agent for delivery to DataDog." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/datadog/>Datadog</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that always returns a precondition denial." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/denier/>Denier</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that delivers logs to a Fluentd daemon." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/fluentd/>Fluentd</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that extracts information from a Kubernetes environment." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/kubernetesenv/>Kubernetes Env</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that performs whitelist or blacklist checks." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/list/>List</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for a simple in-memory quota management system." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/memquota/>Memory quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that implements an Open Policy Agent engine." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/opa/>OPA</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that exposes Istio metrics for ingestion by a Prometheus harvester." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/prometheus/>Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for a Redis-based quota management system." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/redisquota/>Redis Quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that sends metrics to SignalFx." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/signalfx/>SignalFx</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Papertrail and AppOptics backends." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/solarwinds/>SolarWinds</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver logs, metrics, and traces to Stackdriver." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stackdriver/>Stackdriver</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a StatsD backend." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/statsd/>StatsD</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to locally output logs and metrics." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stdio/>Stdio</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to Wavefront by VMware." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/wavefront/>Wavefront by VMware</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver tracing data to Zipkin." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Default Metrics exported from Istio through Mixer." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/metrics/>Default Metrics</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Templates><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Mixer templates are used to send data to individual adapters." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/>Templates</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single API key." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/apikey/>API Key</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Analytics template is used to dispatch runtime telemetry to Apigee." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/analytics/>Analytics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template used to represent an access control query." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/authorization/>Authorization</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/checknothing/>Check Nothing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template designed to report observed communication edges between workloads." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/edge/>Edge</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that is used to control the production of Kubernetes-specific attributes." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/kubernetes/>Kubernetes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template designed to let you perform list checking operations." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/listentry/>List Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single runtime log entry." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/logentry/>Log Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single runtime metric." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/metric/>Metric</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a quota allocation request." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/quota/>Quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/reportnothing/>Report Nothing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents an individual span within a distributed trace." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/tracespan/>Trace Span</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration state for the Mixer client library." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.mixer.v1.config.client/>Mixer Client</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the rules used to configure Mixer's policy and telemetry features." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.policy.v1beta1/>Rules</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Istio control plane installation through the Operator." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha12.pb/>Operator Installation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting the service mesh as a whole." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/config/istio.mesh.v1alpha1/>Service Mesh</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Commands><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes usage and options of the Istio commands and utilities." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/>Commands</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Galley provides configuration management services for Istio." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/galley/>galley</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Certificate Authority (CA)." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/istio_ca/>istio_ca</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio control interface." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/istioctl/>istioctl</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Mixer is Istio's abstraction on top of infrastructure backends." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/mixs/>mixs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio security per-node agent." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/node_agent/>node_agent</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Istio operator." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/operator/>operator</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot agent." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent/>pilot-agent</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery/>pilot-discovery</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Kubernetes webhook for automatic Istio sidecar injection." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/commands/sidecar-injector/>sidecar-injector</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A glossary of common Istio terms." href=/v1.3/docs/reference/glossary/>Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></div></nav></div><div class=article-container><button tabindex=-1 id=sidebar-toggler title="Toggle the navigation bar"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#pull"/></svg></button><nav aria-label=Breadcrumb><ol><li><a href=/v1.3/ title="Connect, secure, control, and observe services.">Istio</a></li><li><a href=/v1.3/docs/ title="Learn how to deploy, use, and operate Istio.">Docs</a></li><li><a href=/v1.3/docs/setup/ title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes and adding virtual machines into the mesh.">Setup</a></li><li><a href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/ title="Choose the guide that best suits your needs and platform.">Install</a></li><li><a href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/ title="Configure an Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters.">Multi-cluster Installation</a></li><li>Replicated control planes</li></ol></nav><article aria-labelledby=title><div class=title-area><div><h1 id=title>Replicated control planes</h1><p class=byline><span title="2335 words"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#clock"/></svg><span>&nbsp;</span>11 minute read</span></p></div></div><nav class=toc-inlined aria-label="Table of Contents"><div><hr><ol><li role=none aria-label=Prerequisites><a href=#prerequisites>Prerequisites</a><li role=none aria-label="Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster"><a href=#deploy-the-istio-control-plane-in-each-cluster>Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster</a><li role=none aria-label="Setup DNS"><a href=#setup-dns>Setup DNS</a><li role=none aria-label="Configure application services"><a href=#configure-application-services>Configure application services</a><ol><li role=none aria-label="Configure the example services"><a href=#configure-the-example-services>Configure the example services</a><li role=none aria-label="Send remote traffic via an egress gateway"><a href=#send-remote-traffic-via-an-egress-gateway>Send remote traffic via an egress gateway</a><li role=none aria-label="Cleanup the example"><a href=#cleanup-the-example>Cleanup the example</a></ol></li><li role=none aria-label="Version-aware routing to remote services"><a href=#version-aware-routing-to-remote-services>Version-aware routing to remote services</a><li role=none aria-label=Uninstalling><a href=#uninstalling>Uninstalling</a><li role=none aria-label=Summary><a href=#summary>Summary</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol><hr></div></nav><p>Follow this guide to install an Istio
<a href=/v1.3/docs/concepts/deployment-models/#multiple-clusters>multi-cluster deployment</a>
with replicated <a href=/v1.3/docs/concepts/deployment-models/#control-plane-models>control plane</a> instances
in every cluster and using gateways to connect services across clusters.</p><p>Instead of using a shared Istio control plane to manage the mesh,
in this configuration each cluster has its own Istio control plane
installation, each managing its own endpoints.
All of the clusters are under a shared administrative control for the purposes of
policy enforcement and security.</p><p>A single Istio service mesh across the clusters is achieved by replicating
shared services and namespaces and using a common root CA in all of the clusters.
Cross-cluster communication occurs over Istio gateways of the respective clusters.</p><figure style=width:80%><div class=wrapper-with-intrinsic-ratio style=padding-bottom:58.98704550897841%><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/gateways/./multicluster-with-gateways.svg title="Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters using Istio Gateway to reach remote pods"><img class=element-to-stretch src=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/gateways/./multicluster-with-gateways.svg alt="Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters using Istio Gateway to reach remote pods"></a></div><figcaption>Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters using Istio Gateway to reach remote pods</figcaption></figure><h2 id=prerequisites>Prerequisites</h2><ul><li><p>Two or more Kubernetes clusters with versions: 1.13, 1.14, 1.15.</p></li><li><p>Authority to deploy the <a href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/helm/>Istio control plane using Helm</a>
on <strong>each</strong> Kubernetes cluster.</p></li><li><p>The IP address of the <code>istio-ingressgateway</code> service in each cluster must be accessible
from every other cluster, ideally using L4 network load balancers (NLB).
Not all cloud providers support NLBs and some require special annotations to use them,
so please consult your cloud provider’s documentation for enabling NLBs for
service object type load balancers. When deploying on platforms without
NLB support, it may be necessary to modify the health checks for the load
balancer to register the ingress gateway.</p></li><li><p>A <strong>Root CA</strong>. Cross cluster communication requires mutual TLS connection
between services. To enable mutual TLS communication across clusters, each
cluster&rsquo;s Citadel will be configured with intermediate CA credentials
generated by a shared root CA. For illustration purposes, you use a
sample root CA certificate available in the Istio installation
under the <code>samples/certs</code> directory.</p></li></ul><h2 id=deploy-the-istio-control-plane-in-each-cluster>Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster</h2><ol><li><p>Generate intermediate CA certificates for each cluster&rsquo;s Citadel from your
organization&rsquo;s root CA. The shared root CA enables mutual TLS communication
across different clusters.</p><p>For illustration purposes, the following instructions use the certificates
from the Istio samples directory for both clusters. In real world deployments,
you would likely use a different CA certificate for each cluster, all signed
by a common root CA.</p></li><li><p>Generate a multicluster-gateways Istio configuration file using <code>helm</code>:</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/install/kubernetes/helm/istio/example-values/values-istio-multicluster-gateways.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \
-f @install/kubernetes/helm/istio/example-values/values-istio-multicluster-gateways.yaml@ &gt; $HOME/istio.yaml
</code></pre></div><p>For further details and customization options, refer to the
<a href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/helm/>Installation with Helm</a> instructions.</p></li><li><p>Run the following commands in <strong>every cluster</strong> to deploy an identical Istio control plane
configuration in all of them.</p><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content><p>Make sure that the current user has cluster administrator (<code>cluster-admin</code>) permissions and grant them if not.
On the GKE platform, for example, the following command can be used:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-admin-binding --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=&#34;$(gcloud config get-value core/account)&#34;
</code></pre></div></aside></div><ul><li><p>Create a Kubernetes secret for your generated CA certificates using a command similar to the following. See <a href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/security/plugin-ca-cert/#plugging-in-the-existing-certificate-and-key>Certificate Authority (CA) certificates</a> for more details.</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>The root and intermediate certificate from the samples directory are widely
distributed and known. Do <strong>not</strong> use these certificates in production as
your clusters would then be open to security vulnerabilities and compromise.</div></aside></div><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/samples/certs/cert-chain.pem>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/samples/certs/root-cert.pem>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/samples/certs/ca-key.pem>Zip</a><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/samples/certs/ca-cert.pem>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl create namespace istio-system
$ kubectl create secret generic cacerts -n istio-system \
--from-file=@samples/certs/ca-cert.pem@ \
--from-file=@samples/certs/ca-key.pem@ \
--from-file=@samples/certs/root-cert.pem@ \
--from-file=@samples/certs/cert-chain.pem@
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Install all the Istio
<a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/extend-kubernetes/api-extension/custom-resources/#customresourcedefinitions>Custom Resource Definitions</a>
(CRDs) using <code>kubectl apply</code>, and wait a few seconds for the CRDs to be committed in the Kubernetes API-server:</p></li></ul><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio-init --name istio-init --namespace istio-system | kubectl apply -f -
</code></pre><ul><li><p>Verify that all <code>23</code> Istio CRDs were committed to the Kubernetes api-server using the following command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl get crds | grep &#39;istio.io&#39; | wc -l
23
</code></pre></li><li><p>Use the Istio installation yaml file generated in a previous step to install Istio:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f $HOME/istio.yaml
</code></pre></li></ul></li></ol><h2 id=setup-dns>Setup DNS</h2><p>Providing DNS resolution for services in remote clusters will allow
existing applications to function unmodified, as applications typically
expect to resolve services by their DNS names and access the resulting
IP. Istio itself does not use the DNS for routing requests between
services. Services local to a cluster share a common DNS suffix
(e.g., <code>svc.cluster.local</code>). Kubernetes DNS provides DNS resolution for these
services.</p><p>To provide a similar setup for services from remote clusters, you name
services from remote clusters in the format
<code>&lt;name&gt;.&lt;namespace&gt;.global</code>. Istio also ships with a CoreDNS server that
will provide DNS resolution for these services. In order to utilize this
DNS, Kubernetes&rsquo; DNS must be configured to <code>stub a domain</code> for <code>.global</code>.</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>Some cloud providers have different specific <code>DNS domain stub</code> capabilities
and procedures for their Kubernetes services. Reference the cloud provider&rsquo;s
documentation to determine how to <code>stub DNS domains</code> for each unique
environment. The objective of this bash is to stub a domain for <code>.global</code> on
port <code>53</code> to reference or proxy the <code>istiocoredns</code> service in Istio&rsquo;s service
namespace.</div></aside></div><p>Create one of the following ConfigMaps, or update an existing one, in each
cluster that will be calling services in remote clusters
(every cluster in the general case):</p><div id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1 role=tablist class=tabset><div class=tab-strip data-cookie-name=platform><button aria-selected=true data-cookie-value=kube-dns aria-controls=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-0-panel id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-0-tab role=tab><span>KubeDNS</span>
</button><button tabindex=-1 data-cookie-value=coredns-prev-1.4.0 aria-controls=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-1-panel id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-1-tab role=tab><span>CoreDNS (&lt; 1.4.0)</span>
</button><button tabindex=-1 data-cookie-value=coredns-after-1.4.0 aria-controls=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-2-panel id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-2-tab role=tab><span>CoreDNS (&gt;= 1.4.0)</span></button></div><div class=tab-content><div id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-0-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-0-tab><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - &lt;&lt;EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: kube-dns
namespace: kube-system
data:
stubDomains: |
{&#34;global&#34;: [&#34;$(kubectl get svc -n istio-system istiocoredns -o jsonpath={.spec.clusterIP})&#34;]}
EOF
</code></pre></div><div hidden id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-1-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-1-tab><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - &lt;&lt;EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
data:
Corefile: |
.:53 {
errors
health
kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
pods insecure
upstream
fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
}
prometheus :9153
proxy . /etc/resolv.conf
cache 30
loop
reload
loadbalance
}
global:53 {
errors
cache 30
proxy . $(kubectl get svc -n istio-system istiocoredns -o jsonpath={.spec.clusterIP})
}
EOF
</code></pre></div><div hidden id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-2-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-1-2-tab><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f - &lt;&lt;EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
data:
Corefile: |
.:53 {
errors
health
kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
pods insecure
upstream
fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
}
prometheus :9153
forward . /etc/resolv.conf
cache 30
loop
reload
loadbalance
}
global:53 {
errors
cache 30
forward . $(kubectl get svc -n istio-system istiocoredns -o jsonpath={.spec.clusterIP})
}
EOF
</code></pre></div></div></div><h2 id=configure-application-services>Configure application services</h2><p>Every service in a given cluster that needs to be accessed from a different remote
cluster requires a <code>ServiceEntry</code> configuration in the remote cluster.
The host used in the service entry should be of the form <code>&lt;name&gt;.&lt;namespace&gt;.global</code>
where name and namespace correspond to the service&rsquo;s name and namespace respectively.</p><p>To demonstrate cross cluster access, configure the
<a href=https://github.com/istio/istio/tree/release-1.3/samples/sleep>sleep service</a>
running in one cluster to call the <a href=https://github.com/istio/istio/tree/release-1.3/samples/httpbin>httpbin service</a>
running in a second cluster. Before you begin:</p><ul><li>Choose two of your Istio clusters, to be referred to as <code>cluster1</code> and <code>cluster2</code>.</li></ul><ul><li><p>You can use the <code>kubectl</code> command to access both the <code>cluster1</code> and <code>cluster2</code> clusters with the <code>--context</code> flag,
for example <code>kubectl get pods --context cluster1</code>.
Use the following command to list your contexts:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl config get-contexts
CURRENT NAME CLUSTER AUTHINFO NAMESPACE
* cluster1 cluster1 user@foo.com default
cluster2 cluster2 user@foo.com default
</code></pre></li><li><p>Store the context names of your clusters in environment variables:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ export CTX_CLUSTER1=$(kubectl config view -o jsonpath=&#39;{.contexts[0].name}&#39;)
$ export CTX_CLUSTER2=$(kubectl config view -o jsonpath=&#39;{.contexts[1].name}&#39;)
$ echo CTX_CLUSTER1 = ${CTX_CLUSTER1}, CTX_CLUSTER2 = ${CTX_CLUSTER2}
CTX_CLUSTER1 = cluster1, CTX_CLUSTER2 = cluster2
</code></pre><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>If you have more than two clusters in the context list and you want to configure your mesh using clusters other than
the first two, you will need to manually set the environment variables to the appropriate context names.</div></aside></div></li></ul><h3 id=configure-the-example-services>Configure the example services</h3><ol><li><p>Deploy the <code>sleep</code> service in <code>cluster1</code>.</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl create --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 namespace foo
$ kubectl label --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 namespace foo istio-injection=enabled
$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@
$ export SLEEP_POD=$(kubectl get --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Deploy the <code>httpbin</code> service in <code>cluster2</code>.</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl create --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 namespace bar
$ kubectl label --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 namespace bar istio-injection=enabled
$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 -n bar -f @samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml@
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Export the <code>cluster2</code> gateway address:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ export CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR=$(kubectl get --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 svc --selector=app=istio-ingressgateway \
-n istio-system -o jsonpath=&#39;{.items[0].status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].ip}&#39;)
</code></pre><p>This command sets the value to the gateway&rsquo;s public IP, but note that you can set it to
a DNS name instead, if you have one.</p><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>If <code>cluster2</code> is running in an environment that does not
support external load balancers, you will need to use a nodePort to access the gateway.
Instructions for obtaining the IP to use can be found in the
<a href=/v1.3/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-control/#determining-the-ingress-ip-and-ports>Control Ingress Traffic</a>
guide. You will also need to change the service entry endpoint port in the following step from 15443
to its corresponding nodePort
(i.e., <code>kubectl --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 get svc -n istio-system istio-ingressgateway -o=jsonpath='{.spec.ports[?(@.port==15443)].nodePort}'</code>).</div></aside></div></li><li><p>Create a service entry for the <code>httpbin</code> service in <code>cluster2</code>.</p><p>To allow <code>sleep</code> in <code>cluster1</code> to access <code>httpbin</code> in <code>cluster2</code>, we need to create
a service entry for it. The host name of the service entry should be of the form
<code>&lt;name&gt;.&lt;namespace&gt;.global</code> where name and namespace correspond to the
remote service&rsquo;s name and namespace respectively.</p><p>For DNS resolution for services under the <code>*.global</code> domain, you need to assign these
services an IP address.</p><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>Each service (in the <code>.global</code> DNS domain) must have a unique IP within the cluster.</div></aside></div><p>If the global services have actual VIPs, you can use those, but otherwise we suggest
using IPs from the class E addresses range <code>240.0.0.0/4</code>.
Application traffic for these IPs will be captured by the sidecar and routed to the
appropriate remote service.</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>Multicast addresses (224.0.0.0 ~ 239.255.255.255) should not be used because there is no route to them by default.
Loopback addresses (127.0.0.0/8) should also not be used because traffic sent to them may be redirected to the sidecar inbound listener.</div></aside></div><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f - &lt;&lt;EOF
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: ServiceEntry
metadata:
name: httpbin-bar
spec:
hosts:
# must be of form name.namespace.global
- httpbin.bar.global
# Treat remote cluster services as part of the service mesh
# as all clusters in the service mesh share the same root of trust.
location: MESH_INTERNAL
ports:
- name: http1
number: 8000
protocol: http
resolution: DNS
addresses:
# the IP address to which httpbin.bar.global will resolve to
# must be unique for each remote service, within a given cluster.
# This address need not be routable. Traffic for this IP will be captured
# by the sidecar and routed appropriately.
- 240.0.0.2
endpoints:
# This is the routable address of the ingress gateway in cluster2 that
# sits in front of sleep.foo service. Traffic from the sidecar will be
# routed to this address.
- address: ${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}
ports:
http1: 15443 # Do not change this port value
EOF
</code></pre><p>The configurations above will result in all traffic in <code>cluster1</code> for
<code>httpbin.bar.global</code> on <em>any port</em> to be routed to the endpoint
<code>&lt;IPofCluster2IngressGateway&gt;:15443</code> over a mutual TLS connection.</p><p>The gateway for port 15443 is a special SNI-aware Envoy
preconfigured and installed when you deployed the Istio control plane in the cluster.
Traffic entering port 15443 will be
load balanced among pods of the appropriate internal service of the target
cluster (in this case, <code>httpbin.bar</code> in <code>cluster2</code>).</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>Do not create a <code>Gateway</code> configuration for port 15443.</div></aside></div></li><li><p>Verify that <code>httpbin</code> is accessible from the <code>sleep</code> service.</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl exec --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 $SLEEP_POD -n foo -c sleep -- curl -I httpbin.bar.global:8000/headers
</code></pre></li></ol><h3 id=send-remote-traffic-via-an-egress-gateway>Send remote traffic via an egress gateway</h3><p>If you want to route traffic from <code>cluster1</code> via a dedicated egress gateway, instead of directly from the sidecars,
use the following service entry for <code>httpbin.bar</code> instead of the one in the previous section.</p><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>The egress gateway used in this configuration cannot also be used for other, non inter-cluster, egress traffic.</div></aside></div><p>If <code>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR</code> is an IP address, use the <code>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR - IP address</code> option. If <code>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR</code> is a hostname, use the <code>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR - hostname</code> option.</p><div id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2 role=tablist class=tabset><div class=tab-strip data-cookie-name=profile><button aria-selected=true data-cookie-value=option1 aria-controls=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2-0-panel id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2-0-tab role=tab><span>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR - IP address</span>
</button><button tabindex=-1 data-cookie-value=option2 aria-controls=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2-1-panel id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2-1-tab role=tab><span>$CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR - hostname</span></button></div><div class=tab-content><div id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2-0-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2-0-tab><ul><li>Export the <code>cluster1</code> egress gateway address:</li></ul><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ export CLUSTER1_EGW_ADDR=$(kubectl get --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 svc --selector=app=istio-egressgateway \
-n istio-system -o yaml -o jsonpath=&#39;{.items[0].spec.clusterIP}&#39;)
</code></pre><ul><li>Apply the httpbin-bar service entry:</li></ul><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f - &lt;&lt;EOF
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: ServiceEntry
metadata:
name: httpbin-bar
spec:
hosts:
# must be of form name.namespace.global
- httpbin.bar.global
location: MESH_INTERNAL
ports:
- name: http1
number: 8000
protocol: http
resolution: STATIC
addresses:
- 240.0.0.2
endpoints:
- address: ${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}
network: external
ports:
http1: 15443 # Do not change this port value
- address: ${CLUSTER1_EGW_ADDR}
ports:
http1: 15443
EOF
</code></pre></div><div hidden id=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2-1-panel role=tabpanel tabindex=0 aria-labelledby=tabset-docs-setup-install-multicluster-gateways-2-1-tab><p>If the <code>${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}</code> is a hostname, you can use <code>resolution: DNS</code> for the endpoint resolution:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f - &lt;&lt;EOF
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: ServiceEntry
metadata:
name: httpbin-bar
spec:
hosts:
# must be of form name.namespace.global
- httpbin.bar.global
location: MESH_INTERNAL
ports:
- name: http1
number: 8000
protocol: http
resolution: DNS
addresses:
- 240.0.0.2
endpoints:
- address: ${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}
network: external
ports:
http1: 15443 # Do not change this port value
- address: istio-egressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
ports:
http1: 15443
EOF
</code></pre></div></div></div><h3 id=cleanup-the-example>Cleanup the example</h3><p>Execute the following commands to clean up the example services.</p><ul><li><p>Cleanup <code>cluster1</code>:</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@
$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo serviceentry httpbin-bar
$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 ns foo
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Cleanup <code>cluster2</code>:</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.3/samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 -n bar -f @samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml@
$ kubectl delete --context=$CTX_CLUSTER2 ns bar
</code></pre></div></li></ul><h2 id=version-aware-routing-to-remote-services>Version-aware routing to remote services</h2><p>If the remote service has multiple versions, you can add
labels to the service entry endpoints.
For example:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply --context=$CTX_CLUSTER1 -n foo -f - &lt;&lt;EOF
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: ServiceEntry
metadata:
name: httpbin-bar
spec:
hosts:
# must be of form name.namespace.global
- httpbin.bar.global
location: MESH_INTERNAL
ports:
- name: http1
number: 8000
protocol: http
resolution: DNS
addresses:
# the IP address to which httpbin.bar.global will resolve to
# must be unique for each service.
- 240.0.0.2
endpoints:
- address: ${CLUSTER2_GW_ADDR}
labels:
cluster: cluster2
ports:
http1: 15443 # Do not change this port value
EOF
</code></pre><p>You can then create virtual services and destination rules
to define subsets of the <code>httpbin.bar.global</code> service using the appropriate gateway label selectors.
The instructions are the same as those used for routing to a local service.
See <a href=/v1.3/blog/2019/multicluster-version-routing/>multicluster version routing</a>
for a complete example.</p><h2 id=uninstalling>Uninstalling</h2><p>Uninstall Istio by running the following commands on <strong>every cluster</strong>:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete -f $HOME/istio.yaml
$ kubectl delete ns istio-system
</code></pre><h2 id=summary>Summary</h2><p>Using Istio gateways, a common root CA, and service entries, you can configure
a single Istio service mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters.
Once configured this way, traffic can be transparently routed to remote clusters
without any application involvement.
Although this approach requires a certain amount of manual configuration for
remote service access, the service entry creation process could be automated.</p><nav id=see-also><h2>See also</h2><div class=see-also><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/shared-gateways/>Shared control plane (multi-network)</a></p><p class=desc>Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters using a shared control plane for disconnected cluster networks.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/shared-vpn/>Shared control plane (single-network)</a></p><p class=desc>Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with a shared control plane and VPN connectivity between clusters.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.3/blog/2019/egress-traffic-control-in-istio-part-3/>Secure Control of Egress Traffic in Istio, part 3</a></p><p class=desc>Comparison of alternative solutions to control egress traffic including performance considerations.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.3/blog/2019/egress-traffic-control-in-istio-part-2/>Secure Control of Egress Traffic in Istio, part 2</a></p><p class=desc>Use Istio Egress Traffic Control to prevent attacks involving egress traffic.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.3/blog/2019/data-plane-setup/>Demystifying Istio&#39;s Sidecar Injection Model</a></p><p class=desc>De-mystify how Istio manages to plugin its data-plane components into an existing deployment.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.3/blog/2018/incremental-traffic-management/>Incremental Istio Part 1, Traffic Management</a></p><p class=desc>How to use Istio for traffic management without deploying sidecar proxies.</p></div></div></nav></article><nav class=pagenav><div class=left></div><div class=right><a title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with a shared control plane and VPN connectivity between clusters." href=/v1.3/docs/setup/install/multicluster/shared-vpn/>Shared control plane (single-network)<svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav><div id=endnotes-container aria-hidden=true><h2>Links</h2><ol id=endnotes></ol></div></div><div class=toc-container><nav class=toc aria-label="Table of Contents"><div id=toc><ol><li role=none aria-label=Prerequisites><a href=#prerequisites>Prerequisites</a><li role=none aria-label="Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster"><a href=#deploy-the-istio-control-plane-in-each-cluster>Deploy the Istio control plane in each cluster</a><li role=none aria-label="Setup DNS"><a href=#setup-dns>Setup DNS</a><li role=none aria-label="Configure application services"><a href=#configure-application-services>Configure application services</a><ol><li role=none aria-label="Configure the example services"><a href=#configure-the-example-services>Configure the example services</a><li role=none aria-label="Send remote traffic via an egress gateway"><a href=#send-remote-traffic-via-an-egress-gateway>Send remote traffic via an egress gateway</a><li role=none aria-label="Cleanup the example"><a href=#cleanup-the-example>Cleanup the example</a></ol></li><li role=none aria-label="Version-aware routing to remote services"><a href=#version-aware-routing-to-remote-services>Version-aware routing to remote services</a><li role=none aria-label=Uninstalling><a href=#uninstalling>Uninstalling</a><li role=none aria-label=Summary><a href=#summary>Summary</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol></div></nav></div></main><footer><div class=user-links><a class=channel title="Go download Istio 1.3.5 now" href=/v1.3/docs/setup#downloading-the-release aria-label="Download Istio"><span>download</span><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.3/img/icons.svg#download"/></svg>
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