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<a tabindex=-1 role=menuitem href=https://istio.io/archive>Older Releases</a></div></div><button id=search-show title="Search this site" aria-label=Search><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#magnifier"/></svg></button></div><form id=search-form name=cse role=search><input type=hidden name=cx value=002184991200833970123:iwwf17ikgf4>
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<button id=search-close title="Cancel search" type=reset aria-label="Cancel search"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#cancel-x"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><div class=banner-container></div><main class=primary><div id=sidebar-container class="sidebar-container sidebar-offcanvas"><nav id=sidebar aria-label="Section Navigation"><div class=directory><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card23 title="Learn about the different parts of the Istio system and the abstractions it uses." aria-controls=card23-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#concepts"/></svg>Concepts</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card23 role=region id=card23-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section aria-labelledby=card23><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Introduces Istio, the problems it solves, its high-level architecture, and its design goals." href=/v1.6/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/>What is Istio?</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the various Istio features focused on traffic routing and control." href=/v1.6/docs/concepts/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's authorization and authentication functionality." href=/v1.6/docs/concepts/security/>Security</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the telemetry and monitoring features provided by Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/concepts/observability/>Observability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's WebAssembly Plugin system." href=/v1.6/docs/concepts/wasm/>Extensibility</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card47 title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes." aria-controls=card47-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#setup"/></svg>Setup</button><div class="body default" aria-labelledby=card47 role=region id=card47-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card47><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Try Istio’s features quickly and easily." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/getting-started/>Getting Started</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Platform Setup"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="How to prepare various Kubernetes platforms before installing Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/>Platform Setup</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes cluster for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/alicloud/>Alibaba Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Azure cluster for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/azure/>Azure</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Docker Desktop for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/docker/>Docker Desktop</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an IBM Cloud cluster for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/ibm/>IBM Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup kind for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/kind/>kind</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Kops for use with Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/kops/>Kops</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Gardener cluster for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/gardener/>Kubernetes Gardener</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a KubeSphere Container Platform for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/kubesphere/>KubeSphere Container Platform</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup MicroK8s for use with Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/microk8s/>MicroK8s</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup minikube for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/minikube/>Minikube</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OpenShift cluster for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/openshift/>OpenShift</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OKE cluster for Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/oci/>Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Install><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Choose the guide that best suits your needs and platform." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/install/>Install</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true><li role=none><span role=treeitem class=current title="Install and customize any Istio configuration profile for in-depth evaluation or production use.">Customizable Install with Istioctl</span></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio in a Kubernetes cluster using the Istio operator." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/install/standalone-operator/>Standalone Operator Install</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Multicluster Installation"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Configure an Istio mesh spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/install/multicluster/>Multicluster Installation</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with replicated control plane instances." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/install/multicluster/gateways/>Replicated control planes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters with a shared control plane." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/install/multicluster/shared/>Shared control plane (single and multiple networks)</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploy istio and connect a workload running within a virtual machine to it." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Virtual Machine Installation</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Upgrade or downgrade Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/upgrade/>Upgrade Istio</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="More Guides"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="More information on additional setup tasks." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/additional-setup/>More Guides</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the built-in Istio installation configuration profiles." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/additional-setup/config-profiles/>Installation Configuration Profiles</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/additional-setup/sidecar-injection/>Installing the Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and use Istio with the Istio CNI plugin, allowing operators to deploy services with lower privilege." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/additional-setup/cni/>Install Istio with the Istio CNI plugin</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card84 title="How to do single specific targeted activities with the Istio system." aria-controls=card84-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#tasks"/></svg>Tasks</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card84 role=region id=card84-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card84><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tasks that demonstrate Istio's traffic routing features." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing to multiple versions of a microservice." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing/>Request Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to inject faults to test the resiliency of your application." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection/>Fault Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting/>Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate TCP traffic from an old to new version of a TCP service." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/tcp-traffic-shifting/>TCP Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts/>Request Timeouts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure circuit breaking for connections, requests, and outlier detection." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking/>Circuit Breaking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task demonstrates the traffic mirroring/shadowing capabilities of Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring/>Mirroring</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Ingress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling ingress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/>Ingress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Istio gateway to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-control/>Ingress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure a Kubernetes Ingress object to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/kubernetes-ingress/>Ingress (Kubernetes)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Expose a service outside of the service mesh over TLS or mTLS." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/secure-ingress/>Secure Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI passthrough for an ingress gateway." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-sni-passthrough/>Ingress Gateway without TLS Termination</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Egress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling egress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/>Egress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-control/>Accessing External Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to perform TLS origination for traffic to external services." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-tls-origination/>Egress TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to direct traffic to external services through a dedicated gateway." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/>Egress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Egress Gateway to perform TLS origination to external services." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway-tls-origination/>Egress Gateways with TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to enable egress traffic for a set of hosts in a common domain, instead of configuring each and every host separately." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/wildcard-egress-hosts/>Egress using Wildcard Hosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI monitoring and apply policies on TLS egress traffic." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress_sni_monitoring_and_policies/>Monitoring and Policies for TLS Egress with Mixer (Deprecated)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to configure Istio for Kubernetes External Services." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-kubernetes-services/>Kubernetes Services for Egress Traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to let applications use an external HTTPS proxy." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/http-proxy/>Using an External HTTPS Proxy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to secure the mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Certificate Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Management of the certificates in Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/>Certificate Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how system administrators can configure Istio's CA with an existing root certificate, signing certificate and key." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/plugin-ca-cert/>Plugging in existing CA Certificates</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to provision and manage DNS certificates in Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/dns-cert/>Istio DNS Certificate Management</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authentication><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling mutual TLS and end-user authentication for mesh services." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authentication/>Authentication</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authentication/authn-policy/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to incrementally migrate your Istio services to mutual TLS." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authentication/mtls-migration/>Mutual TLS Migration</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authorization><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Shows how to control access to Istio services." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authorization/>Authorization</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control for HTTP traffic." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-http/>Authorization for HTTP traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to set up access control for TCP traffic." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-tcp/>Authorization for TCP traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to set up access control with JWT in Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-jwt/>Authorization with JWT</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control to deny traffic explicitly." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-deny/>Authorization policies with a deny action</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to set up access control on an ingress gateway." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-ingress/>Authorization on Ingress Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to migrate from one trust domain to another without changing authorization policy." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-td-migration/>Authorization Policy Trust Domain Migration</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Policies><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates policy enforcement features." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/>Policies</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to enable Istio policy enforcement." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/enabling-policy/>Enabling Policy Enforcement (Deprecated)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to use Istio to dynamically limit the traffic to a service." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/rate-limiting/>Enabling Rate Limits (Deprecated)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to modify request headers and routing using policy adapters." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/control-headers/>Control Headers and Routing (Deprecated)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to control access to a service using simple denials or white/black listing." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/policy-enforcement/denial-and-list/>Denials and White/Black Listing (Deprecated)</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Observability><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to collect telemetry information from the mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/>Observability</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label=Metrics><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the collection and querying of metrics within Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/>Metrics</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/tcp-metrics/>Collecting Metrics for TCP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to customize the Istio metrics." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/customize-metrics/>Customizing Istio Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to improve telemetry by grouping requests and responses by their type." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/classify-metrics/>Classifying Metrics Based on Request or Response (Experimental)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/querying-metrics/>Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/using-istio-dashboard/>Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Logs><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the collection of logs within Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/logs/>Logs</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Envoy proxies to print access logs to their standard output." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/logs/access-log/>Getting Envoy's Access Logs</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Distributed Tracing"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio-enabled applications to collect trace spans." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/>Distributed Tracing</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Overview of distributed tracing in Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/overview/>Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Jaeger." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/jaeger/>Jaeger</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Lightstep." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/lightstep/>Lightstep</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure tracing options (beta/development)." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/configurability/>Configurability (Beta/Development)</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to visualize your services within an Istio mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/kiali/>Visualizing Your Mesh</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure external access to the set of Istio telemetry addons." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/gateways/>Remotely Accessing Telemetry Addons</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Using Mixer for Telemetry (deprecated)"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to collect telemetry information from the mesh using Mixer." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/mixer/>Using Mixer for Telemetry (deprecated)</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label=Metrics><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the configuration, collection, and processing of Istio mesh metrics using Mixer." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/mixer/metrics/>Metrics</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio's Mixer to collect and customize metrics." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/mixer/metrics/collecting-metrics/>Collecting Metrics With Mixer</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio's Mixer to collect metrics for TCP services." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/mixer/metrics/tcp-metrics/>Collecting Metrics for TCP services with Mixer</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Logs><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the configuration, collection, and processing of Istio mesh logs." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/mixer/logs/>Logs</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio's Mixer to collect and customize logs." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/mixer/logs/collecting-logs/>Collecting Logs with Mixer</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio's Mixer to log to a Fluentd daemon." href=/v1.6/docs/tasks/observability/mixer/logs/fluentd/>Logging with Mixer and Fluentd</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card102 title="A variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with." aria-controls=card102-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#examples"/></svg>Examples</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card102 role=region id=card102-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card102><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices used to demonstrate various Istio features." href=/v1.6/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo Application</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Virtual Machines"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Examples that add workloads running on virtual machines to an Istio mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/examples/virtual-machines/>Virtual Machines</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to add a service running on a virtual machine to your single network Istio mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/examples/virtual-machines/single-network/>Virtual Machines in Single-Network Meshes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to add a service running on a virtual machine to your multi-network Istio mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/examples/virtual-machines/multi-network/>Virtual Machines in Multi-Network Meshes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Run the Bookinfo application with a MySQL service running on a virtual machine within your mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/examples/virtual-machines/bookinfo/>Bookinfo with a Virtual Machine</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This modular tutorial provides new users with hands-on experience using Istio for common microservices scenarios, one step at a time." href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/>Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/prereq/>Prerequisites</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/setup-kubernetes-cluster/>Setup a Kubernetes Cluster</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/setup-local-computer/>Setup a Local Computer</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/single/>Run a Microservice Locally</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/package-service/>Run ratings in Docker</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/bookinfo-kubernetes/>Run Bookinfo with Kubernetes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/production-testing/>Test in production</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/add-new-microservice-version/>Add a new version of reviews</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/add-istio/>Enable Istio on productpage</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/enable-istio-all-microservices/>Enable Istio on all the microservices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/istio-ingress-gateway/>Configure Istio Ingress Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/examples/microservices-istio/logs-istio/>Monitoring with Istio</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card123 title="Concepts, tools, and techniques to deploy and manage an Istio mesh." aria-controls=card123-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#guide"/></svg>Operations</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card123 role=region id=card123-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card123><li role=treeitem aria-label=Deployment><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Requirements, concepts, and considerations for setting up an Istio deployment." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/deployment/>Deployment</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's high-level architecture and design goals." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/deployment/architecture/>Architecture</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the options and considerations when configuring your Istio deployment." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/deployment/deployment-models/>Deployment Models</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio performance and scalability summary." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/deployment/performance-and-scalability/>Performance and Scalability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Prepare your Kubernetes pods and services to run in an Istio-enabled cluster." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/deployment/requirements/>Pods and Services</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Advanced concepts and features for configuring a running Istio mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Mesh Configuration"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the global mesh configuration." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/>Mesh Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Provides a general overview of Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks and the related issues that can arise." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/webhook/>Dynamic Admission Webhooks Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to wait to apply mesh configuration until a resource reaches a given status or readiness." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/config-resource-ready/>Wait for Resource Status to Apply Configuration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/injection-concepts/>Automatic Sidecar Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how Citadel determines whether to create service account secrets." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/secret-creation/>Service Account Secret Creation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to do health checking for Istio services." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/app-health-check/>Health Checking of Istio Services</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the networking aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to specify protocols." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/protocol-selection/>Protocol Selection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to enable and understand Locality Load Balancing." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/>Locality Load Balancing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure gateway network topology (Development)." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/network-topologies/>Configuring Gateway Network Topology (Development)</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the security aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Use hardened container images to reduce Istio's attack surface." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/security/harden-docker-images/>Harden Docker Container Images</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to extend the lifetime of the Istio self-signed root certificate." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/security/root-transition/>Extending Self-Signed Certificate Lifetime</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Observability><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage telemetry collection and visualization in a running mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/>Observability</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Fine-grained control of Envoy statistics." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/envoy-stats/>Envoy Statistics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configure Prometheus to monitor multicluster Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/monitoring-multicluster-prometheus/>Monitoring Multicluster Istio with Prometheus</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Best Practices"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Best practices for setting up and managing an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/best-practices/>Best Practices</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="General best practices when setting up an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/best-practices/deployment/>Deployment Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration best practices to avoid networking or traffic management issues." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/best-practices/traffic-management/>Traffic Management Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Best practices for securing applications using Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/best-practices/security/>Security Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Best practices for observing applications using Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/best-practices/observability/>Observability Best Practices</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Common Problems"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to identify and resolve common problems in Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/common-problems/>Common Problems</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Techniques to address common Istio traffic management and network problems." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/common-problems/network-issues/>Traffic Management Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Techniques to address common Istio authentication, authorization, and general security-related problems." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/common-problems/security-issues/>Security Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Dealing with telemetry collection issues." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/common-problems/observability-issues/>Observability Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resolve common problems with Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/common-problems/injection/>Sidecar Injection Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to resolve configuration validation problems." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/common-problems/validation/>Configuration Validation Problems</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Diagnostic Tools"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tools and techniques to help troubleshoot an Istio mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/>Diagnostic Tools</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio includes a supplemental tool that provides debugging and diagnosis for Istio service mesh deployments." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl/>Using the Istioctl Command-line Tool</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes tools and techniques to diagnose Envoy configuration issues related to traffic management." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/proxy-cmd/>Debugging Envoy and Istiod</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use istioctl describe to verify the configurations of a pod in your mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl-describe/>Understand your Mesh with Istioctl Describe</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use istioctl analyze to identify potential issues with your configuration." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl-analyze/>Diagnose your Configuration with Istioctl Analyze</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use ControlZ to get insight into individual running components." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/controlz/>Component Introspection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use component-level logging to get insights into a running component's behavior." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/component-logging/>Component Logging</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Integrations><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Other softwares that Istio can integrate with to provide additional functionality." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/integrations/>Integrations</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to integrate with Prometheus." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/integrations/prometheus/>Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to integrate with cert-manager." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/integrations/certmanager/>cert-manager</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to integrate with Grafana to set up Istio dashboards." href=/v1.6/docs/ops/integrations/grafana/>Grafana</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card171 title="Detailed authoritative reference material such as command-line options, configuration options, and API calling parameters." aria-controls=card171-body><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#reference"/></svg>Reference</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card171 role=region id=card171-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card171><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Detailed information on configuration options." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting the service mesh as a whole." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/istio.mesh.v1alpha1/>Global Mesh Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting Istio control plane installation version and shape." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/>IstioOperator Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the role of the `status` field in configuration workflow." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/config-status/>Configuration Status Field</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure HTTP/TCP routing features." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/networking/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting load balancing, outlier detection, etc." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/networking/destination-rule/>Destination Rule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Customizing Envoy configuration generated by Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/networking/envoy-filter/>Envoy Filter</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting edge load balancer." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/networking/gateway/>Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting VMs onboarded into the mesh." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/networking/workload-entry/>Workload Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting label/content routing, sni routing, etc." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/networking/virtual-service/>Virtual Service</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting network reachability of a sidecar." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/networking/sidecar/>Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting service registry." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/networking/service-entry/>Service Entry</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Proxy Extensions"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio proxy extensions." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/>Proxy Extensions</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Stackdriver filter." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/stackdriver/>Stackdriver Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Stats Filter." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/stats/>Stats Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for AccessLogPolicy Filter." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/accesslogpolicy/>AccessLogPolicy Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Attribute Generation plugin." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/attributegen/>AttributeGen Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Metadata Exchange Filter." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/metadata_exchange/>Metadata Exchange Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to enable telemetry generation with the Wasm runtime (experimental)." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/wasm_telemetry/>Wasm-based Telemetry (Experimental)</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's security features." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Peer authentication configuration for workloads." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/security/peer_authentication/>PeerAuthentication</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration to validate JWT." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/security/jwt/>JWTRule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Request authentication configuration for workloads." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/security/request_authentication/>RequestAuthentication</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for access control on workloads." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/security/authorization-policy/>Authorization Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the supported conditions in authorization policies." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/security/conditions/>Authorization Policy Conditions</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio standard metrics exported by Istio telemetry." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/metrics/>Istio Standard Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resource annotations used by Istio." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/annotations/>Resource Annotations</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Configuration Analysis Messages"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Documents the individual error and warning messages produced during configurarion analysis." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/>Configuration Analysis Messages</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0113/>MTLSPolicyConflict</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/message-format/>Analyzer Message Format</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0109/>ConflictingMeshGatewayVirtualServiceHosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0110/>ConflictingSidecarWorkloadSelectors</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0002/>Deprecated</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0104/>GatewayPortNotOnWorkload</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0001/>InternalError</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0105/>IstioProxyImageMismatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0119/>JwtFailureDueToInvalidServicePortPrefix</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0107/>MisplacedAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0111/>MultipleSidecarsWithoutWorkloadSelectors</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0102/>NamespaceNotInjected</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0106/>SchemaValidationError</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0112/>VirtualServiceDestinationPortSelectorRequired</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0108/>UnknownAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0101/>ReferencedResourceNotFound</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0118/>PortNameIsNotUnderNamingConvention</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0103/>PodMissingProxy</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Mixer Policies and Telemetry (Deprecated)"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Mixer's policy and telemetry features." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/>Mixer Policies and Telemetry (Deprecated)</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration state for the Mixer client library." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.mixer.v1.config.client/>Mixer Client</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the rules used to configure Mixer's policy and telemetry features." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/istio.policy.v1beta1/>Rules</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the configuration model for Istio's policy enforcement and telemetry mechanisms." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/mixer-overview/>Mixer Configuration Model (Deprecated)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the base attribute vocabulary used for policy and control." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/attribute-vocabulary/>Attribute Vocabulary (Deprecated)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Mixer configuration expression language reference." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/expression-language/>Expression Language</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Mixer Adapters (Deprecated)"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Mixer adapters allow Istio to interface to a variety of infrastructure backends for such things as metrics and logs." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/>Mixer Adapters (Deprecated)</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for Apigee's distributed policy checks and analytics." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/apigee/>Apigee</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to enforce authentication and authorization policies for web apps and APIs." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/app-identity-access-adapter/>App Identity and Access</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for circonus.com's monitoring solution." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/circonus/>Circonus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for cloudmonitor metrics." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudmonitor/>CloudMonitor</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for cloudwatch metrics." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/cloudwatch/>CloudWatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a dogstatsd agent for delivery to DataDog." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/datadog/>Datadog</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that always returns a precondition denial." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/denier/>Denier</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver tracing data to Zipkin." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that delivers logs to a Fluentd daemon." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/fluentd/>Fluentd</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that extracts information from a Kubernetes environment." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/kubernetesenv/>Kubernetes Env</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to Layer5." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/layer5/>Layer5</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that performs whitelist or blacklist checks." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/list/>List</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for a simple in-memory quota management system." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/memquota/>Memory quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="An Istio Mixer adapter to send telemetry data to New Relic." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/newrelic/>New Relic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to Wavefront by VMware." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/wavefront/>Wavefront by VMware</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to locally output logs and metrics." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stdio/>Stdio</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver metrics to a StatsD backend." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/statsd/>StatsD</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver logs, metrics, and traces to Stackdriver." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/stackdriver/>Stackdriver</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter to deliver logs and metrics to Papertrail and AppOptics backends." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/solarwinds/>SolarWinds</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that implements an Open Policy Agent engine." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/opa/>OPA</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter for a Redis-based quota management system." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/redisquota/>Redis Quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Adapter that exposes Istio metrics for ingestion by a Prometheus harvester." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/adapters/prometheus/>Prometheus</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Default Metrics exported from Istio through Mixer." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/metrics/>Default Metrics</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Templates><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Mixer templates are used to send data to individual adapters." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/>Templates</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single API key." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/apikey/>API Key</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template used to represent an access control query." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/authorization/>Authorization</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/checknothing/>Check Nothing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template designed to report observed communication edges between workloads." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/edge/>Edge</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that is used to control the production of Kubernetes-specific attributes." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/kubernetes/>Kubernetes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template designed to let you perform list checking operations." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/listentry/>List Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single runtime log entry." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/logentry/>Log Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a single runtime metric." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/metric/>Metric</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents an individual span within a distributed trace." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/tracespan/>Trace Span</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that carries no data, useful for testing." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/reportnothing/>Report Nothing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A template that represents a quota allocation request." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/quota/>Quota</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Analytics template is used to dispatch runtime telemetry to Apigee." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/policy-and-telemetry/templates/analytics/>Analytics</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Commands><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes usage and options of the Istio commands and utilities." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/commands/>Commands</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio control interface." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/commands/istioctl/>istioctl</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Mixer is Istio's abstraction on top of infrastructure backends." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/commands/mixs/>mixs</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot agent." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent/>pilot-agent</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Istio operator." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/commands/operator/>operator</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery/>pilot-discovery</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A glossary of common Istio terms." href=/v1.6/docs/reference/glossary/>Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></div></nav></div><div class=article-container><button tabindex=-1 id=sidebar-toggler title="Toggle the navigation bar"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#pull"/></svg></button><nav aria-label=Breadcrumb><ol><li><a href=/v1.6/ title="Connect, secure, control, and observe services.">Istio</a></li><li><a href=/v1.6/docs/ title="Learn how to deploy, use, and operate Istio.">Docs</a></li><li><a href=/v1.6/docs/setup/ title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes.">Setup</a></li><li><a href=/v1.6/docs/setup/install/ title="Choose the guide that best suits your needs and platform.">Install</a></li><li>Customizable Install with Istioctl</li></ol></nav><article aria-labelledby=title><div class=title-area><div style=width:100%><h1 id=title>Customizable Install with Istioctl</h1><p class=byline><span title="2857 words"><svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#clock"/></svg><span>&nbsp;</span>14 minute read</span></p></div></div><nav class=toc-inlined aria-label="Table of Contents"><div><hr><ol><li role=none aria-label=Prerequisites><a href=#prerequisites>Prerequisites</a><li role=none aria-label="Install Istio using the default profile"><a href=#install-istio-using-the-default-profile>Install Istio using the default profile</a><li role=none aria-label="Install from external charts"><a href=#install-from-external-charts>Install from external charts</a><li role=none aria-label="Install a different profile"><a href=#install-a-different-profile>Install a different profile</a><li role=none aria-label="Check what&rsquo;s installed"><a href=#check-what-s-installed>Check what&rsquo;s installed</a><li role=none aria-label="Display the list of available profiles"><a href=#display-the-list-of-available-profiles>Display the list of available profiles</a><li role=none aria-label="Display the configuration of a profile"><a href=#display-the-configuration-of-a-profile>Display the configuration of a profile</a><li role=none aria-label="Show differences in profiles"><a href=#show-differences-in-profiles>Show differences in profiles</a><li role=none aria-label="Generate a manifest before installation"><a href=#generate-a-manifest-before-installation>Generate a manifest before installation</a><li role=none aria-label="Show differences in manifests"><a href=#show-differences-in-manifests>Show differences in manifests</a><li role=none aria-label="Verify a successful installation"><a href=#verify-a-successful-installation>Verify a successful installation</a><li role=none aria-label="Customizing the configuration"><a href=#customizing-the-configuration>Customizing the configuration</a><ol><li role=none aria-label="Identify an Istio component"><a href=#identify-an-istio-component>Identify an Istio component</a><li role=none aria-label="Configure component settings"><a href=#configure-component-settings>Configure component settings</a><li role=none aria-label="Configure gateways"><a href=#configure-gateways>Configure gateways</a><li role=none aria-label="Customize Kubernetes settings"><a href=#customize-kubernetes-settings>Customize Kubernetes settings</a><li role=none aria-label="Customize Istio settings using the Helm API"><a href=#customize-istio-settings-using-the-helm-api>Customize Istio settings using the Helm API</a></ol></li><li role=none aria-label="Advanced install customization"><a href=#advanced-install-customization>Advanced install customization</a><ol><li role=none aria-label="Customizing external charts and profiles"><a href=#customizing-external-charts-and-profiles>Customizing external charts and profiles</a><li role=none aria-label="Patching the output manifest"><a href=#patching-the-output-manifest>Patching the output manifest</a><li role=none aria-label="List item path selection"><a href=#list-item-path-selection>List item path selection</a></ol></li><li role=none aria-label="Uninstall Istio"><a href=#uninstall-istio>Uninstall Istio</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol><hr></div></nav><p>Follow this guide to install and configure an Istio mesh for in-depth evaluation or production use.
If you are new to Istio, and just want to try it out, follow the
<a href=/v1.6/docs/setup/getting-started>quick start instructions</a> instead.</p><p>This installation guide uses the <a href=/v1.6/docs/reference/commands/istioctl/><code>istioctl</code></a> command line
tool to provide rich customization of the Istio control plane and of the sidecars for the Istio data plane.
It has user input validation to help prevent installation errors and customization options to
override any aspect of the configuration.</p><p>Using these instructions, you can select any one of Istio&rsquo;s built-in
<a href=/v1.6/docs/setup/additional-setup/config-profiles/>configuration profiles</a>
and then further customize the configuration for your specific needs.</p><p>Full customization of the installation can be done through the
<a href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/><code>IstioOperator</code> API</a>.</p><h2 id=prerequisites>Prerequisites</h2><p>Before you begin, check the following prerequisites:</p><ol><li><a href=/v1.6/docs/setup/getting-started/#download>Download the Istio release</a>.</li><li>Perform any necessary <a href=/v1.6/docs/setup/platform-setup/>platform-specific setup</a>.</li><li>Check the <a href=/v1.6/docs/ops/deployment/requirements/>Requirements for Pods and Services</a>.</li></ol><h2 id=install-istio-using-the-default-profile>Install Istio using the default profile</h2><p>The simplest option is to install the <code>default</code> Istio
<a href=/v1.6/docs/setup/additional-setup/config-profiles/>configuration profile</a>
using the following command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install
</code></pre><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content>Note that <code>istioctl install</code> and <code>istioctl manifest apply</code> are exactly the same command. In Istio 1.6, the simpler <code>install</code>
command replaces <code>manifest apply</code>, which is deprecated and will be removed in 1.7.</div></aside></div><p>This command installs the <code>default</code> profile on the cluster defined by your
Kubernetes configuration. The <code>default</code> profile is a good starting point
for establishing a production environment, unlike the larger <code>demo</code> profile that
is intended for evaluating a broad set of Istio features.</p><p>To enable the Grafana dashboard on top of the <code>default</code> profile, set the <code>addonComponents.grafana.enabled</code> configuration parameter with the following command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install --set addonComponents.grafana.enabled=true
</code></pre><p>In general, you can use the <code>--set</code> flag in <code>istioctl</code> as you would with
Helm. The only difference is you must
prefix the setting paths with <code>values.</code> because this is the path to the Helm pass-through API in the
<a href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/><code>IstioOperator</code> API</a>.</p><h2 id=install-from-external-charts>Install from external charts</h2><p>By default, <code>istioctl</code> uses compiled-in charts to generate the install manifest. These charts are released together with
<code>istioctl</code> for auditing and customization purposes and can be found in the release tar in the
<code>manifests</code> directory.
<code>istioctl</code> can also use external charts rather than the compiled-in ones. To select external charts, set
the <code>charts</code> flag to a local file system path:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install --charts=manifests/
</code></pre><p>If using the <code>istioctl</code> 1.6.8 binary, this command will result in the same installation as <code>istioctl install</code> alone, because it points to the
same charts as the compiled-in ones.
Other than for experimenting with or testing new features, we recommend using the compiled-in charts rather than external ones to ensure compatibility of the
<code>istioctl</code> binary with the charts.</p><h2 id=install-a-different-profile>Install a different profile</h2><p>Other Istio configuration profiles can be installed in a cluster by passing the
profile name on the command line. For example, the following command can be used
to install the <code>demo</code> profile:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install --set profile=demo
</code></pre><h2 id=check-what-s-installed>Check what&rsquo;s installed</h2><p>The <code>istioctl</code> command saves the <code>IstioOperator</code> CR that was used to install Istio in a copy of the CR named <code>installed-state</code>.
You can inspect this CR if you lose track of what is installed in a cluster.</p><p>The <code>installed-state</code> CR is also used to perform checks in some <code>istioctl</code> commands and should therefore not be removed.</p><h2 id=display-the-list-of-available-profiles>Display the list of available profiles</h2><p>You can display the names of Istio configuration profiles that are
accessible to <code>istioctl</code> by using this command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl profile list
Istio configuration profiles:
minimal
preview
remote
default
demo
empty
</code></pre><h2 id=display-the-configuration-of-a-profile>Display the configuration of a profile</h2><p>You can view the configuration settings of a profile. For example, to view the setting for the <code>demo</code> profile
run the following command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl profile dump demo
addonComponents:
grafana:
enabled: true
kiali:
enabled: true
prometheus:
enabled: true
tracing:
enabled: true
components:
egressGateways:
- enabled: true
k8s:
resources:
requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 40Mi
name: istio-egressgateway
...
</code></pre><p>To view a subset of the entire configuration, you can use the <code>--config-path</code> flag, which selects only the portion
of the configuration under the given path:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl profile dump --config-path components.pilot demo
enabled: true
k8s:
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
apiVersion: v1
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
apiVersion: v1
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
- name: GODEBUG
value: gctrace=1
- name: PILOT_TRACE_SAMPLING
value: &#34;100&#34;
- name: CONFIG_NAMESPACE
value: istio-config
...
</code></pre><h2 id=show-differences-in-profiles>Show differences in profiles</h2><p>The <code>profile diff</code> sub-command can be used to show the differences between profiles,
which is useful for checking the effects of customizations before applying changes to a cluster.</p><p>You can show differences between the default and demo profiles using these commands:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl profile diff default demo
gateways:
egressGateways:
- - enabled: false
+ - enabled: true
...
k8s:
requests:
- cpu: 100m
- memory: 128Mi
+ cpu: 10m
+ memory: 40Mi
strategy:
...
</code></pre><h2 id=generate-a-manifest-before-installation>Generate a manifest before installation</h2><p>You can generate the manifest before installing Istio using the <code>manifest generate</code>
sub-command.
For example, use the following command to generate a manifest for the <code>default</code> profile:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl manifest generate &gt; $HOME/generated-manifest.yaml
</code></pre><p>The generated manifest can be used to inspect what exactly is installed as well as to track changes to the manifest
over time. While the <code>IstioOperator</code> CR represents the full user configuration and is sufficient for tracking it,
the output from <code>manifest generate</code> also captures possible changes in the underlying charts and therefore can be
used to track the actual installed resources.</p><p>The output from <code>manifest generate</code> can also be used to install Istio using <code>kubectl apply</code> or equivalent. However,
these alternative installation methods may not apply the resources with the same sequencing of dependencies as
<code>istioctl install</code> and are not tested in an Istio release.</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content><p>If attempting to install and manage Istio using <code>istioctl manifest generate</code>, please note the following caveats:</p><ol><li><p>The Istio namespace (<code>istio-system</code> by default) must be created manually.</p></li><li><p>While <code>istioctl install</code> will automatically detect environment specific settings from your Kubernetes context,
<code>manifest generate</code> cannot as it runs offline, which may lead to unexpected results. In particular, you must ensure
that you follow <a href=/v1.6/docs/ops/best-practices/security/#configure-third-party-service-account-tokens>these steps</a> if your
Kubernetes environment does not support third party service account tokens.</p></li><li><p><code>kubectl apply</code> of the generated manifest may show transient errors due to resources not being available in the
cluster in the correct order.</p></li><li><p><code>istioctl install</code> automatically prunes any resources that should be removed when the configuration changes (e.g.
if you remove a gateway). This does not happen when you use <code>istio manifest generate</code> with <code>kubectl</code> and these
resources must be removed manually.</p></li></ol></div></aside></div><h2 id=show-differences-in-manifests>Show differences in manifests</h2><p>You can show the differences in the generated manifests in a YAML style diff between the default profile and a
customized install using these commands:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl manifest generate &gt; 1.yaml
$ istioctl manifest generate -f samples/operator/pilot-k8s.yaml &gt; 2.yaml
$ istioctl manifest diff 1.yaml 2.yaml
Differences of manifests are:
Object Deployment:istio-system:istio-pilot has diffs:
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
&#39;[0]&#39;:
resources:
requests:
cpu: 500m -&gt; 1000m
memory: 2048Mi -&gt; 4096Mi
nodeSelector: -&gt; map[master:true]
tolerations: -&gt; [map[effect:NoSchedule key:dedicated operator:Exists] map[key:CriticalAddonsOnly
operator:Exists]]
Object HorizontalPodAutoscaler:istio-system:istio-pilot has diffs:
spec:
maxReplicas: 5 -&gt; 10
minReplicas: 1 -&gt; 2
</code></pre><h2 id=verify-a-successful-installation>Verify a successful installation</h2><p>You can check if the Istio installation succeeded using the <code>verify-install</code> command
which compares the installation on your cluster to a manifest you specify.</p><p>If you didn&rsquo;t generate your manifest prior to deployment, run the following command to
generate it now:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl manifest generate &lt;your original installation options&gt; &gt; $HOME/generated-manifest.yaml
</code></pre><p>Then run the following <code>verify-install</code> command to see if the installation was successful:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl verify-install -f $HOME/generated-manifest.yaml
</code></pre><h2 id=customizing-the-configuration>Customizing the configuration</h2><p>In addition to installing any of Istio&rsquo;s built-in
<a href=/v1.6/docs/setup/additional-setup/config-profiles/>configuration profiles</a>,
<code>istioctl install</code> provides a complete API for customizing the configuration.</p><ul><li><a href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/>The <code>IstioOperator</code> API</a></li></ul><p>The configuration parameters in this API can be set individually using <code>--set</code> options on the command
line. For example, to enable the control plane security feature in a default configuration profile, use this command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install --set values.global.controlPlaneSecurityEnabled=true
</code></pre><p>Alternatively, the <code>IstioOperator</code> configuration can be specified in a YAML file and passed to
<code>istioctl</code> using the <code>-f</code> option:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install -f samples/operator/pilot-k8s.yaml
</code></pre><div><aside class="callout tip"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#callout-tip"/></svg></div><div class=content><p>For backwards compatibility, the previous <a href=https://archive.istio.io/v1.4/docs/reference/config/installation-options/>Helm installation options</a>, with the exception of Kubernetes resource settings,
are also fully supported. To set them on the command line, prepend the option name with &ldquo;<code>values.</code>&rdquo;.
For example, the following command overrides the <code>pilot.traceSampling</code> Helm configuration option:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install --set values.pilot.traceSampling=0.1
</code></pre><p>Helm values can also be set in an <code>IstioOperator</code> CR (YAML file) as described in
<a href=#customize-istio-settings-using-the-helm-api>Customize Istio settings using the Helm API</a>, below.</p><p>If you want to set Kubernetes resource settings, use the <code>IstioOperator</code> API as described in
<a href=#customize-kubernetes-settings>Customize Kubernetes settings</a>.</p></div></aside></div><h3 id=identify-an-istio-component>Identify an Istio component</h3><p>The <code>IstioOperator</code> API defines components as shown in the table below:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Components</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>base</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>pilot</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>proxy</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>sidecarInjector</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>telemetry</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>policy</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>citadel</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>nodeagent</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>galley</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>ingressGateways</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>egressGateways</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>cni</code></td></tr></tbody></table><p>In addition to the core Istio components, third-party addon components are also available. These can
be enabled and configured through the <code>addonComponents</code> spec of the <code>IstioOperator</code> API or using the Helm pass-through API:</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
addonComponents:
grafana:
enabled: true
</code></pre><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
values:
grafana:
enabled: true
</code></pre><h3 id=configure-component-settings>Configure component settings</h3><p>After you identify the name of the component from the previous table, you can use the API to set the values
using the <code>--set</code> flag, or create an overlay file and use the <code>--filename</code> flag. The <code>--set</code> flag
works well for customizing a few parameters. Overlay files are designed for more extensive customization, or
tracking configuration changes.</p><p>The simplest customization is to turn a component on or off from the configuration profile default.</p><p>To disable the telemetry component in a default configuration profile, use this command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install --set components.telemetry.enabled=false
</code></pre><p>Alternatively, you can disable the telemetry component using a configuration overlay file:</p><ol><li>Create this file with the name <code>telemetry_off.yaml</code> and these contents:</li></ol><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
components:
telemetry:
enabled: false
</code></pre><ol><li>Use the <code>telemetry_off.yaml</code> overlay file with the <code>istioctl install</code> command:</li></ol><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install -f telemetry_off.yaml
</code></pre><p>Another customization is to select different namespaces for features and components. The following is an example
of installation namespace customization:</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
metadata:
namespace: istio-system
spec:
components:
citadel:
namespace: istio-citadel
</code></pre><p>Applying this file will cause the default profile to be applied, with components being installed into the following
namespaces:</p><ul><li>The Citadel component is installed into <code>istio-citadel</code> namespace</li><li>Remaining Istio components installed into istio-system namespace</li></ul><h3 id=configure-gateways>Configure gateways</h3><p>Gateways are a special type of component, since multiple ingress and egress gateways can be defined. In the
<a href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/><code>IstioOperator</code> API</a>, gateways are defined as a list type.
The <code>default</code> profile installs one ingress gateway, called <code>istio-ingressgateway</code>. You can inspect the default values
for this gateway:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl profile dump --config-path components.ingressGateways
$ istioctl profile dump --config-path values.gateways.istio-ingressgateway
</code></pre><p>These commands show both the <code>IstioOperator</code> and Helm settings for the gateway, which are used together to define the
generated gateway resources. The built-in gateways can be customized just like any other component.
A new user gateway can be created by adding a new list entry:</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
components:
ingressGateways:
- name: istio-ingressgateway
enabled: true
- namespace: user-ingressgateway-ns
name: ilb-gateway
enabled: true
k8s:
resources:
requests:
cpu: 200m
serviceAnnotations:
cloud.google.com/load-balancer-type: &#34;internal&#34;
service:
ports:
- port: 8060
targetPort: 8060
name: tcp-citadel-grpc-tls
- port: 5353
name: tcp-dns
</code></pre><p>Note that Helm values (<code>spec.values.gateways.istio-ingressgateway/egressgateway</code>) are shared by all ingress/egress
gateways. If these must be customized per gateway, it is recommended to use a separate IstioOperator CR to generate
a manifest for the user gateways, separate from the main Istio installation:</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
profile: empty
components:
ingressGateways:
- name: ilb-gateway
namespace: user-ingressgateway-ns
enabled: true
# Copy settings from istio-ingressgateway as needed.
values:
gateways:
istio-ingressgateway:
debug: error
</code></pre><h3 id=customize-kubernetes-settings>Customize Kubernetes settings</h3><p>The <code>IstioOperator</code> API allows each component&rsquo;s Kubernetes settings to be customized in a consistent way.</p><p>Each component has a <a href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/#KubernetesResourcesSpec><code>KubernetesResourceSpec</code></a>,
which allows the following settings to be changed. Use this list to identify the setting to customize:</p><ol><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-compute-resources-container/#resource-requests-and-limits-of-pod-and-container>Resources</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-liveness-readiness-probes/>Readiness probes</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/>Replica count</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale/><code>HorizontalPodAutoscaler</code></a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/disruptions/#how-disruption-budgets-work><code>PodDisruptionBudget</code></a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/annotations/>Pod annotations</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/annotations/>Service annotations</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images/><code>ImagePullPolicy</code></a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/pod-priority-preemption/#priorityclass>Priority class name</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#nodeselector>Node selector</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#affinity-and-anti-affinity>Affinity and anti-affinity</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/>Service</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/taint-and-toleration/>Toleration</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/>Strategy</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-environment-variable-container/>Env</a></li><li><a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/#set-the-security-context-for-a-pod>Pod security context</a></li></ol><p>All of these Kubernetes settings use the Kubernetes API definitions, so <a href=https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/>Kubernetes documentation</a> can be used for reference.</p><p>The following example overlay file adjusts the resources and horizontal pod autoscaling
settings for Pilot:</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
components:
pilot:
k8s:
resources:
requests:
cpu: 1000m # override from default 500m
memory: 4096Mi # ... default 2048Mi
hpaSpec:
maxReplicas: 10 # ... default 5
minReplicas: 2 # ... default 1
nodeSelector:
master: &#34;true&#34;
tolerations:
- key: dedicated
operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
- key: CriticalAddonsOnly
operator: Exists
</code></pre><p>Use <code>istioctl install</code> to apply the modified settings to the cluster:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=operator>$ istioctl install -f samples/operator/pilot-k8s.yaml
</code></pre><h3 id=customize-istio-settings-using-the-helm-api>Customize Istio settings using the Helm API</h3><p>The <code>IstioOperator</code> API includes a pass-through interface to the <a href=https://archive.istio.io/v1.4/docs/reference/config/installation-options/>Helm API</a>
using the <code>values</code> field.</p><p>The following YAML file configures global and Pilot settings through the Helm API:</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
values:
pilot:
traceSampling: 0.1 # override from 1.0
global:
monitoringPort: 15050
</code></pre><p>Some parameters will temporarily exist in both the Helm and <code>IstioOperator</code> APIs, including Kubernetes resources,
namespaces and enablement settings. The Istio community recommends using the <code>IstioOperator</code> API as it is more
consistent, is validated, and follows the <a href=https://github.com/istio/community/blob/master/FEATURE-LIFECYCLE-CHECKLIST.md#feature-lifecycle-checklist>community graduation process</a>.</p><h2 id=advanced-install-customization>Advanced install customization</h2><h3 id=customizing-external-charts-and-profiles>Customizing external charts and profiles</h3><p>The <code>istioctl</code> <code>install</code>, <code>manifest generate</code> and <code>profile</code> commands can use any of the following sources for charts and
profiles:</p><ul><li>compiled in charts. This is the default if no <code>--charts</code> option is set. The compiled in charts are the same as those
in the <code>manifests/</code> directory of the Istio release <code>.tgz</code>.</li><li>charts in the local file system, e.g., <code>istioctl install --charts istio-1.6.0/manifests</code></li><li>charts in GitHub, e.g., <code>istioctl install --charts https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/download/1.6.0/istio-1.6.0-linux-arm64.tar.gz</code></li></ul><p>Local file system charts and profiles can be customized by editing the files in <code>manifests/</code>. For extensive changes,
we recommend making a copy of the <code>manifests</code> directory and make changes there. Note, however, that the content layout
in the <code>manifests</code> directory must be preserved.</p><p>Profiles, found under <code>manifests/profiles/</code>, can be edited and new ones added by creating new files with the
desired profile name and a <code>.yaml</code> extension. <code>istioctl</code> scans the <code>profiles</code> subdirectory and all profiles found there
can be referenced by name in the <code>IstioOperatorSpec</code> profile field. Built-in profiles are overlaid on the default profile YAML before user
overlays are applied. For example, you can create a new profile file called <code>custom1.yaml</code> which customizes some settings
from the <code>default</code> profile, and then apply a user overlay file on top of that:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl generate --charts mycharts/ --set profile=custom1 -f path-to-user-overlay.yaml
</code></pre><p>In this case, the <code>custom1.yaml</code> and <code>user-overlay.yaml</code> files will be overlaid on the <code>default.yaml</code> file to obtain the
final values used as the input for manifest generation.</p><p>In general, creating new profiles is not necessary since a similar result can be achieved by passing multiple overlay
files. For example, the command above is equivalent to passing two user overlay files:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl generate --charts mycharts/ -f manifests/profiles/custom1.yaml -f path-to-user-overlay.yaml
</code></pre><p>Creating a custom profile is only required if you need to refer to the profile by name through the <code>IstioOperatorSpec</code>.</p><h3 id=patching-the-output-manifest>Patching the output manifest</h3><p>The <code>IstioOperator</code> CR, input to <code>istioctl</code>, is used to generate the output manifest containing the
Kubernetes resources to be applied to the cluster. The output manifest can be further customized to add, modify or delete resources
through the <code>IstioOperator</code> <a href=/v1.6/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/#K8sObjectOverlay>overlays</a> API, after it is
generated but before it is applied to the cluster.</p><p>The following example overlay file (<code>patch.yaml</code>) demonstrates the type of output manifest patching that can be done:</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
profile: empty
hub: docker.io/istio
tag: 1.1.6
components:
pilot:
enabled: true
namespace: istio-control
k8s:
overlays:
- kind: Deployment
name: istiod
patches:
# Select list item by value
- path: spec.template.spec.containers.[name:discovery].args.[30m]
value: &#34;60m&#34; # overridden from 30m
# Select list item by key:value
- path: spec.template.spec.containers.[name:discovery].ports.[containerPort:8080].containerPort
value: 1234
# Override with object (note | on value: first line)
- path: spec.template.spec.containers.[name:discovery].env.[name:POD_NAMESPACE].valueFrom
value: |
fieldRef:
apiVersion: v2
fieldPath: metadata.myPath
# Deletion of list item
- path: spec.template.spec.containers.[name:discovery].env.[name:REVISION]
# Deletion of map item
- path: spec.template.spec.containers.[name:discovery].securityContext
- kind: Service
name: istiod
patches:
- path: spec.ports.[name:https-dns].port
value: 11111 # OVERRIDDEN
</code></pre><p>Passing the file to <code>istioctl manifest generate -f patch.yaml</code> applies the above patches to the default profile output
manifest. The two patched resources will be modified as shown below (some parts of the resources are omitted for
brevity):</p><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: istiod
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
- args:
- 60m
env:
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
apiVersion: v2
fieldPath: metadata.myPath
name: discovery
ports:
- containerPort: 1234
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: istiod
spec:
ports:
- name: https-dns
port: 11111
---
</code></pre><p>Note that the patches are applied in the given order. Each patch is applied over the output from the
previous patch. Paths in patches that don&rsquo;t exist in the output manifest will be created.</p><h3 id=list-item-path-selection>List item path selection</h3><p>Both the <code>istioctl --set</code> flag and the <code>k8s.overlays</code> field in <code>IstioOperator</code> CR support list item selection by <code>[index]</code>, <code>[value]</code> or by <code>[key:value]</code>.
The &ndash;set flag also creates any intermediate nodes in the path that are missing in the resource.</p><h2 id=uninstall-istio>Uninstall Istio</h2><p>To uninstall Istio, run the following command:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl manifest generate &lt;your original installation options&gt; | kubectl delete -f -
</code></pre><p>The control plane namespace (e.g., <code>istio-system</code>) is not removed by default.
If no longer needed, use the following command to remove it:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl delete namespace istio-system
</code></pre><nav id=see-also><h2>See also</h2><div class=see-also><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl-analyze/>Diagnose your Configuration with Istioctl Analyze</a></p><p class=desc>Shows you how to use istioctl analyze to identify potential issues with your configuration.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.6/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl-describe/>Understand your Mesh with Istioctl Describe</a></p><p class=desc>Shows you how to use istioctl describe to verify the configurations of a pod in your mesh.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.6/blog/2019/dns-cert/>DNS Certificate Management</a></p><p class=desc>Provision and manage DNS certificates in Istio.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.6/blog/2019/introducing-istioctl-analyze/>Introducing istioctl analyze</a></p><p class=desc>Analyze your Istio configuration to detect potential issues and get general insights.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.6/blog/2019/introducing-istio-operator/>Introducing the Istio Operator</a></p><p class=desc>Introduction to Istio's new operator-based installation and control plane management feature.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.6/blog/2019/webhook/>Secure Webhook Management</a></p><p class=desc>A more secure way to manage Istio webhooks.</p></div></div></nav></article><nav class=pagenav><div class=left></div><div class=right><a title="Instructions to install Istio in a Kubernetes cluster using the Istio operator." href=/v1.6/docs/setup/install/standalone-operator/>Standalone Operator Install<svg class="icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.6/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav><div id=feedback><div id=feedback-initial>Was this information useful?<br><button class="btn feedback" onclick="sendFeedback('en',1)">Yes</button>
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