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<button id=search-close title="Cancel search" type=reset aria-label="Cancel search"><svg class="icon cancel-x"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#cancel-x"/></svg></button></form></nav></header><div class=banner-container></div><main class=primary><div id=sidebar-container class="sidebar-container sidebar-offcanvas"><nav id=sidebar aria-label="Section Navigation"><div class=directory><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card17 title="Learn about the different parts of the Istio system and the abstractions it uses." aria-controls=card17-body><svg class="icon concepts"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#concepts"/></svg>Concepts</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card17 role=region id=card17-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section aria-labelledby=card17><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Introduces Istio, the problems it solves, its high-level architecture, and its design goals." href=/v1.8/docs/concepts/what-is-istio/>What is Istio?</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the various Istio features focused on traffic routing and control." href=/v1.8/docs/concepts/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's authorization and authentication functionality." href=/v1.8/docs/concepts/security/>Security</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the telemetry and monitoring features provided by Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/concepts/observability/>Observability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's WebAssembly Plugin system." href=/v1.8/docs/concepts/wasm/>Extensibility</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card40 title="Instructions for installing the Istio control plane on Kubernetes." aria-controls=card40-body><svg class="icon setup"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#setup"/></svg>Setup</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card40 role=region id=card40-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card40><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Try Istio’s features quickly and easily." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/getting-started/>Getting Started</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Platform Setup"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="How to prepare various Kubernetes platforms before installing Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/>Platform Setup</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes cluster for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/alicloud/>Alibaba Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an Azure cluster for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/azure/>Azure</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Docker Desktop for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/docker/>Docker Desktop</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/gke/>Google Kubernetes Engine</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an IBM Cloud cluster for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/ibm/>IBM Cloud</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup kind for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/kind/>kind</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup Kops for use with Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/kops/>Kops</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a Gardener cluster for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/gardener/>Kubernetes Gardener</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup a KubeSphere Container Platform for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/kubesphere/>KubeSphere Container Platform</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup MicroK8s for use with Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/microk8s/>MicroK8s</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup minikube for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/minikube/>Minikube</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OpenShift cluster for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/openshift/>OpenShift</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to setup an OKE cluster for Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/platform-setup/oci/>Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Install><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Choose the guide that best suits your needs and platform." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/>Install</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and customize any Istio configuration profile for in-depth evaluation or production use." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/istioctl/>Install with Istioctl</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Instructions to install Istio in a Kubernetes cluster using the Istio operator." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/operator/>Istio Operator Install</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and configure Istio for in-depth evaluation." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/helm/>Install with Helm</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Install Multicluster"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple Kubernetes clusters." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/multicluster/>Install Multicluster</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Initial steps before installing Istio on multiple clusters." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/multicluster/before-you-begin/>Before you begin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple primary clusters." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/multicluster/multi-primary/>Install Multi-Primary</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across primary and remote clusters." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/multicluster/primary-remote/>Install Primary-Remote</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across multiple primary clusters on different networks." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/multicluster/multi-primary_multi-network/>Install Multi-Primary on different networks</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an Istio mesh across primary and remote clusters on different networks." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/multicluster/primary-remote_multi-network/>Install Primary-Remote on different networks</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Verify that Istio has been installed properly on multiple clusters." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/multicluster/verify/>Verify the installation</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploy Istio and connect a workload running within a virtual machine to it." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Virtual Machine Installation</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Upgrade><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Upgrade, downgrade, and manage Istio accross multiple control plane revisions." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/upgrade/>Upgrade</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Upgrade Istio by first running a canary deployment of a new control plane." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/upgrade/canary/>Canary Upgrades</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Upgrade or downgrade Istio in place." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/upgrade/in-place/>In-place Upgrades</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuring and upgrading Istio with gateways." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/upgrade/gateways/>Managing Gateways with Multiple Revisions [experimental]</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="More Guides"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="More information on additional setup tasks." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/additional-setup/>More Guides</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the built-in Istio installation configuration profiles." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/additional-setup/config-profiles/>Installation Configuration Profiles</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install the Istio sidecar in application pods automatically using the sidecar injector webhook or manually using istioctl CLI." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/additional-setup/sidecar-injection/>Installing the Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install and use Istio with the Istio CNI plugin, allowing operators to deploy services with lower privilege." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/additional-setup/cni/>Install Istio with the Istio CNI plugin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Install an external control plane and remote cluster." href=/v1.8/docs/setup/additional-setup/external-controlplane/>Install Istio with an External Control Plane</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card73 title="How to do single specific targeted activities with the Istio system." aria-controls=card73-body><svg class="icon tasks"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#tasks"/></svg>Tasks</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card73 role=region id=card73-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card73><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tasks that demonstrate Istio's traffic routing features." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure dynamic request routing to multiple versions of a microservice." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-routing/>Request Routing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to inject faults to test the resiliency of your application." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/fault-injection/>Fault Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate traffic from an old to new version of a service." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/traffic-shifting/>Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to migrate TCP traffic from an old to new version of a TCP service." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/tcp-traffic-shifting/>TCP Traffic Shifting</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup request timeouts in Envoy using Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/request-timeouts/>Request Timeouts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure circuit breaking for connections, requests, and outlier detection." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/circuit-breaking/>Circuit Breaking</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task demonstrates the traffic mirroring/shadowing capabilities of Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/mirroring/>Mirroring</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Ingress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling ingress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/>Ingress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Istio gateway to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-control/>Ingress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Expose a service outside of the service mesh over TLS or mTLS." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/secure-ingress/>Secure Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure SNI passthrough for an ingress gateway." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/ingress-sni-passthrough/>Ingress Gateway without TLS Termination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure a Kubernetes Ingress object to expose a service outside of the service mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/kubernetes-ingress/>Kubernetes Ingress</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure the Kubernetes Service APIs with Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/ingress/service-apis/>Kubernetes Service APIs [Experimental]</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Egress><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling egress traffic for an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/>Egress</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to route traffic from services in the mesh to external services." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-control/>Accessing External Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to perform TLS origination for traffic to external services." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-tls-origination/>Egress TLS Origination</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to direct traffic to external services through a dedicated gateway." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/>Egress Gateways</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Egress Gateway to perform TLS origination to external services using Secret Discovery Service." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway-tls-origination-sds/>Egress Gateways with TLS Origination (SDS)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure an Egress Gateway to perform TLS origination to external services using file mount certificates." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway-tls-origination/>Egress Gateways with TLS Origination (File Mount)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to enable egress traffic for a set of hosts in a common domain, instead of configuring each and every host separately." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/wildcard-egress-hosts/>Egress using Wildcard Hosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to configure Istio for Kubernetes External Services." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-kubernetes-services/>Kubernetes Services for Egress Traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to configure Istio to let applications use an external HTTPS proxy." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/http-proxy/>Using an External HTTPS Proxy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to secure the mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Certificate Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Management of the certificates in Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/>Certificate Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how system administrators can configure Istio's CA with a root certificate, signing certificate and key." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/plugin-ca-cert/>Plug in CA Certificates</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to provision and manage DNS certificates in Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/dns-cert/>Istio DNS Certificate Management</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to use a Custom Certificate Authority (that integrates with the Kubernetes CSR API) to provision Istio workload certificates." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/cert-management/custom-ca-k8s/>Custom CA Integration using Kubernetes CSR [experimental]</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authentication><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Controlling mutual TLS and end-user authentication for mesh services." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authentication/>Authentication</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authentication/authn-policy/>Authentication Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to incrementally migrate your Istio services to mutual TLS." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authentication/mtls-migration/>Mutual TLS Migration</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Authorization><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Shows how to control access to Istio services." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authorization/>Authorization</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control for HTTP traffic." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-http/>Authorization for HTTP traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to set up access control for TCP traffic." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-tcp/>Authorization for TCP traffic</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to set up access control with JWT in Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-jwt/>Authorization with JWT</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to set up access control to deny traffic explicitly." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-deny/>Authorization policies with a deny action</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to set up access control on an ingress gateway." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-ingress/>Authorization on Ingress Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to migrate from one trust domain to another without changing authorization policy." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-td-migration/>Authorization Policy Trust Domain Migration</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Observability><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates how to collect telemetry information from the mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/>Observability</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label=Metrics><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the collection and querying of metrics within Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/>Metrics</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Istio to collect metrics for TCP services." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/tcp-metrics/>Collecting Metrics for TCP Services</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to customize the Istio metrics." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/customize-metrics/>Customizing Istio Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to improve telemetry by grouping requests and responses by their type." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/classify-metrics/>Classifying Metrics Based on Request or Response (Experimental)</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to query for Istio Metrics using Prometheus." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/querying-metrics/>Querying Metrics from Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to setup and use the Istio Dashboard to monitor mesh traffic." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/metrics/using-istio-dashboard/>Visualizing Metrics with Grafana</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Logs><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Demonstrates the collection of logs within Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/logs/>Logs</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure Envoy proxies to print access logs to their standard output." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/logs/access-log/>Getting Envoy's Access Logs</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Distributed Tracing"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This task shows you how to configure Istio-enabled applications to collect trace spans." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/>Distributed Tracing</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Overview of distributed tracing in Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/overview/>Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Zipkin." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Jaeger." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/jaeger/>Jaeger</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure the proxies to send tracing requests to Lightstep." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/lightstep/>Lightstep</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure tracing options (beta/development)." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/distributed-tracing/configurability/>Configurability (Beta/Development)</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to visualize your services within an Istio mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/kiali/>Visualizing Your Mesh</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="This task shows you how to configure external access to the set of Istio telemetry addons." href=/v1.8/docs/tasks/observability/gateways/>Remotely Accessing Telemetry Addons</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card94 title="A variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with." aria-controls=card94-body><svg class="icon examples"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#examples"/></svg>Examples</button><div class="body default" aria-labelledby=card94 role=region id=card94-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card94><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Deploys a sample application composed of four separate microservices used to demonstrate various Istio features." href=/v1.8/docs/examples/bookinfo/>Bookinfo Application</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Virtual Machines"><button class=show aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Examples that add workloads running on virtual machines to an Istio mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/examples/virtual-machines/>Virtual Machines</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=true class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to add a service running on a virtual machine to your single-network Istio mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/examples/virtual-machines/single-network/>Example Application using Virtual Machines in a Single Network Mesh</a></li><li role=none><span role=treeitem class=current title="Learn how to add a service running on a virtual machine to your multi-network Istio mesh.">Virtual Machines in Multi-Network Meshes</span></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Run the Bookinfo application with a MySQL service running on a virtual machine within your mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/examples/virtual-machines/bookinfo/>Bookinfo with a Virtual Machine</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="This modular tutorial provides new users with hands-on experience using Istio for common microservices scenarios, one step at a time." href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/>Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/prereq/>Prerequisites</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/setup-kubernetes-cluster/>Setup a Kubernetes Cluster</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/setup-local-computer/>Setup a Local Computer</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/single/>Run a Microservice Locally</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/package-service/>Run ratings in Docker</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/bookinfo-kubernetes/>Run Bookinfo with Kubernetes</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/production-testing/>Test in production</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/add-new-microservice-version/>Add a new version of reviews</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/add-istio/>Enable Istio on productpage</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/enable-istio-all-microservices/>Enable Istio on all the microservices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/istio-ingress-gateway/>Configure Istio Ingress Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/examples/microservices-istio/logs-istio/>Monitoring with Istio</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card118 title="Concepts, tools, and techniques to deploy and manage an Istio mesh." aria-controls=card118-body><svg class="icon guide"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#guide"/></svg>Operations</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card118 role=region id=card118-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card118><li role=treeitem aria-label=Deployment><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Requirements, concepts, and considerations for setting up an Istio deployment." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/deployment/>Deployment</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's high-level architecture and design goals." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/deployment/architecture/>Architecture</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the options and considerations when configuring your Istio deployment." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/deployment/deployment-models/>Deployment Models</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio performance and scalability summary." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/deployment/performance-and-scalability/>Performance and Scalability</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Requirements of applications deployed in an Istio-enabled cluster." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/deployment/requirements/>Application Requirements</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Advanced concepts and features for configuring a running Istio mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=treeitem aria-label="Mesh Configuration"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the global mesh configuration." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/>Mesh Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Provides a general overview of Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks and the related issues that can arise." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/webhook/>Dynamic Admission Webhooks Overview</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to wait to apply mesh configuration until a resource reaches a given status or readiness." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/config-resource-ready/>Wait for Resource Status to Apply Configuration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/injection-concepts/>Automatic Sidecar Injection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows how to do health checking for Istio services." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/mesh/app-health-check/>Health Checking of Istio Services</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the networking aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to specify protocols." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/protocol-selection/>Protocol Selection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to enable and understand Locality Load Balancing." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/locality-load-balancing/>Locality Load Balancing</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure TLS settings to secure network traffic." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/tls-configuration/>TLS Configuration</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to configure gateway network topology." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/network-topologies/>Configuring Gateway Network Topology [experimental]</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage the security aspects of a running mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Use hardened container images to reduce Istio's attack surface." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/security/harden-docker-images/>Harden Docker Container Images</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Learn how to extend the lifetime of the Istio self-signed root certificate." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/security/root-transition/>Extending Self-Signed Certificate Lifetime</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Observability><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Helps you manage telemetry collection and visualization in a running mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/>Observability</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Fine-grained control of Envoy statistics." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/envoy-stats/>Envoy Statistics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configure Prometheus to monitor multicluster Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/configuration/telemetry/monitoring-multicluster-prometheus/>Monitoring Multicluster Istio with Prometheus</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Best Practices"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Best practices for setting up and managing an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/best-practices/>Best Practices</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="General best practices when setting up an Istio service mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/best-practices/deployment/>Deployment Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration best practices to avoid networking or traffic management issues." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/best-practices/traffic-management/>Traffic Management Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Best practices for securing applications using Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/best-practices/security/>Security Best Practices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Best practices for observing applications using Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/best-practices/observability/>Observability Best Practices</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Common Problems"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to identify and resolve common problems in Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/common-problems/>Common Problems</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Techniques to address common Istio traffic management and network problems." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/common-problems/network-issues/>Traffic Management Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Techniques to address common Istio authentication, authorization, and general security-related problems." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/common-problems/security-issues/>Security Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Dealing with telemetry collection issues." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/common-problems/observability-issues/>Observability Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resolve common problems with Istio's use of Kubernetes webhooks for automatic sidecar injection." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/common-problems/injection/>Sidecar Injection Problems</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to resolve configuration validation problems." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/common-problems/validation/>Configuration Validation Problems</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Diagnostic Tools"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Tools and techniques to help troubleshoot an Istio mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/>Diagnostic Tools</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio includes a supplemental tool that provides debugging and diagnosis for Istio service mesh deployments." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl/>Using the Istioctl Command-line Tool</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes tools and techniques to diagnose Envoy configuration issues related to traffic management." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/proxy-cmd/>Debugging Envoy and Istiod</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use istioctl describe to verify the configurations of a pod in your mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl-describe/>Understand your Mesh with Istioctl Describe</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Shows you how to use istioctl analyze to identify potential issues with your configuration." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/istioctl-analyze/>Diagnose your Configuration with Istioctl Analyze</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use ControlZ to get insight into a running istiod component." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/controlz/>Istiod Introspection</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes how to use component-level logging to get insights into a running component's behavior." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/diagnostic-tools/component-logging/>Component Logging</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Integrations><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Other softwares that Istio can integrate with to provide additional functionality." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/integrations/>Integrations</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to integrate with cert-manager." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/integrations/certmanager/>cert-manager</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to integrate with Grafana to set up Istio dashboards." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/integrations/grafana/>Grafana</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to integrate with Jaeger." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/integrations/jaeger/>Jaeger</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Information on how to integrate with Kiali." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/integrations/kiali/>Kiali</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to integrate with Prometheus." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/integrations/prometheus/>Prometheus</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to integrate with Zipkin." href=/v1.8/docs/ops/integrations/zipkin/>Zipkin</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class=card><button class="header dynamic" id=card169 title="Detailed authoritative reference material such as command-line options, configuration options, and API calling parameters." aria-controls=card169-body><svg class="icon reference"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#reference"/></svg>Reference</button><div class=body aria-labelledby=card169 role=region id=card169-body><ul role=tree aria-expanded=true aria-labelledby=card169><li role=treeitem aria-label=Configuration><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Detailed information on configuration options." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/>Configuration</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting Istio control plane installation version and shape." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/istio.operator.v1alpha1/>IstioOperator Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting the service mesh as a whole." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/istio.mesh.v1alpha1/>Global Mesh Options</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the structure of messages generated by Istio analyzers." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/istio.analysis.v1alpha1/>Analysis Messages</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the role of the `status` field in configuration workflow." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/config-status/>Configuration Status Field</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Proxy Extensions"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio proxy extensions." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/>Proxy Extensions</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Metadata Exchange Filter." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/metadata_exchange/>Metadata Exchange Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Stackdriver filter." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/stackdriver/>Stackdriver Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Attribute Generation plugin." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/attributegen/>AttributeGen Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for AccessLogPolicy Filter." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/accesslogpolicy/>AccessLogPolicy Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for Stats Filter." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/stats/>Stats Config</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="How to enable telemetry generation with the Wasm runtime (experimental)." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/proxy_extensions/wasm_telemetry/>Wasm-based Telemetry (Experimental)</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Traffic Management"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure HTTP/TCP routing features." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/>Traffic Management</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting load balancing, outlier detection, etc." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/destination-rule/>Destination Rule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Customizing Envoy configuration generated by Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/envoy-filter/>Envoy Filter</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting edge load balancer." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/gateway/>Gateway</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting service registry." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/service-entry/>Service Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting network reachability of a sidecar." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/sidecar/>Sidecar</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes a collection of workload instances." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/workload-group/>Workload Group</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting VMs onboarded into the mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/workload-entry/>Workload Entry</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration affecting label/content routing, sni routing, etc." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/networking/virtual-service/>Virtual Service</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Security><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes how to configure Istio's security features." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/security/>Security</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration to validate JWT." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/security/jwt/>JWTRule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Peer authentication configuration for workloads." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/security/peer_authentication/>PeerAuthentication</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Request authentication configuration for workloads." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/security/request_authentication/>RequestAuthentication</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Configuration for access control on workloads." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/security/authorization-policy/>Authorization Policy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Describes the supported conditions in authorization policies." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/security/conditions/>Authorization Policy Conditions</a></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Common Types"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes common types in Istio API." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/type/>Common Types</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Definition of a workload selector." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/type/workload-selector/>Workload Selector</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio standard metrics exported by Istio telemetry." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/metrics/>Istio Standard Metrics</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Resource annotations used by Istio." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/annotations/>Resource Annotations</a></li><li role=treeitem aria-label="Configuration Analysis Messages"><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Documents the individual error and warning messages produced during configuration analysis." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/>Configuration Analysis Messages</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0113/>MTLSPolicyConflict</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0109/>ConflictingMeshGatewayVirtualServiceHosts</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0110/>ConflictingSidecarWorkloadSelectors</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0116/>DeploymentAssociatedToMultipleServices</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0117/>DeploymentRequiresServiceAssociated</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0002/>Deprecated</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0104/>GatewayPortNotOnWorkload</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0001/>InternalError</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0125/>InvalidAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0122/>InvalidRegexp</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0105/>IstioProxyImageMismatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0119/>JwtFailureDueToInvalidServicePortPrefix</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0107/>MisplacedAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0108/>UnknownAnnotation</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0111/>MultipleSidecarsWithoutWorkloadSelectors</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0123/>NamespaceMultipleInjectionLabels</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0102/>NamespaceNotInjected</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0127/>NoMatchingWorkloadsFound</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0128/>NoServerCertificateVerificationDestinationLevel</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0129/>NoServerCertificateVerificationPortLevel</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/message-format/>Analyzer Message Format</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0131/>VirtualServiceIneffectiveMatch</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0118/>PortNameIsNotUnderNamingConvention</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0101/>ReferencedResourceNotFound</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0106/>SchemaValidationError</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0130/>VirtualServiceUnreachableRule</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0103/>PodMissingProxy</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem href=/v1.8/docs/reference/config/analysis/ist0112/>VirtualServiceDestinationPortSelectorRequired</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role=treeitem aria-label=Commands><button aria-hidden=true></button><a title="Describes usage and options of the Istio commands and utilities." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/commands/>Commands</a><ul role=group aria-expanded=false class=leaf-section><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio control interface." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/commands/istioctl/>istioctl</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/commands/pilot-discovery/>pilot-discovery</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="The Istio operator." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/commands/operator/>operator</a></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="Istio Pilot agent." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/commands/pilot-agent/>pilot-agent</a></li></ul></li><li role=none><a role=treeitem title="A glossary of common Istio terms." href=/v1.8/docs/reference/glossary/>Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></div></nav></div><div class=article-container><button tabindex=-1 id=sidebar-toggler title="Toggle the navigation bar"><svg class="icon pull"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#pull"/></svg></button><nav aria-label=Breadcrumb><ol><li><a href=/v1.8/ title="Connect, secure, control, and observe services.">Istio</a></li><li><a href=/v1.8/docs/ title="Learn how to deploy, use, and operate Istio.">Docs</a></li><li><a href=/v1.8/docs/examples/ title="A variety of fully working example uses for Istio that you can experiment with.">Examples</a></li><li><a href=/v1.8/docs/examples/virtual-machines/ title="Examples that add workloads running on virtual machines to an Istio mesh.">Virtual Machines</a></li><li>Virtual Machines in Multi-Network Meshes</li></ol></nav><article aria-labelledby=title><div class=title-area><div style=width:100%><h1 id=title>Virtual Machines in Multi-Network Meshes</h1><p class=byline><span title="962 words"><svg class="icon clock"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#clock"/></svg><span> </span>5 minute read</span>
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<span> </span>
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<span><a href=https://github.com/istio/istio.io/tree/master/README.md#testing-document-content title="No automated test is available for this page. Click for details or to help create one."><svg class="icon cancel-grey"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#cancel-grey"/></svg><span> </span>
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page test</a></span></p></div></div><nav class=toc-inlined aria-label="Table of Contents"><div><hr><ol><li role=none aria-label=Prerequisites><a href=#prerequisites>Prerequisites</a><li role=none aria-label="Installation steps"><a href=#installation-steps>Installation steps</a><ol><li role=none aria-label="Preparing your environment"><a href=#preparing-your-environment>Preparing your environment</a><li role=none aria-label="Installing the Istio Control Plane"><a href=#installing-the-istio-control-plane>Installing the Istio Control Plane</a><li role=none aria-label="Specify the network for the VM sidecar"><a href=#specify-the-network-for-the-vm-sidecar>Specify the network for the VM sidecar</a><li role=none aria-label="Create Gateway for application traffic"><a href=#create-gateway-for-application-traffic>Create Gateway for application traffic</a></ol></li><li role=none aria-label="Verify setup"><a href=#verify-setup>Verify setup</a><ol><li role=none aria-label="Send requests from VM workloads to Kubernetes services"><a href=#send-requests-from-vm-workloads-to-kubernetes-services>Send requests from VM workloads to Kubernetes services</a><li role=none aria-label="Running services on the added VM"><a href=#running-services-on-the-added-vm>Running services on the added VM</a></ol></li><li role=none aria-label=Cleanup><a href=#cleanup>Cleanup</a><li role=none aria-label="See also"><a href=#see-also>See also</a></li></ol><hr></div></nav><p>This example provides instructions to integrate a VM or a bare metal host into a
|
||
multi-network Istio mesh deployed on Kubernetes using gateways. This approach
|
||
doesn’t require VPN connectivity or direct network access between the VM, the
|
||
bare metal and the clusters.</p><h2 id=prerequisites>Prerequisites</h2><ul><li><p>One or more Kubernetes clusters with versions: 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19.</p></li><li><p>Virtual machines (VMs) must have IP connectivity to the Ingress gateways in the mesh.</p></li><li><p>Services in the cluster must be accessible through the Ingress gateway.</p></li></ul><h2 id=installation-steps>Installation steps</h2><p>Setup consists of preparing the mesh for expansion and installing and configuring each VM.</p><h3 id=preparing-your-environment>Preparing your environment</h3><p>When expanding Istio’s mesh capabilities to VMs across multiple networks (where the VM is in a network where traffic cannot directly route to pods in the Kubernetes cluster, for example), we’ll need to take advantage of Istio’s split-horizon DNS capabilities.</p><p>Before we get started, you should prepare a VM and connect it to the Istio control plane through the Ingress Gateway. These steps are detailed in <a href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Setup: Install: Virtual Machine Installation</a>.</p><p><strong>Note</strong> There are a few alterations to that document as follows:</p><div><aside class="callout warning"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#callout-warning"/></svg></div><div class=content>You must alter the VM set up instructions based on the suggestions in this section!</div></aside></div><ol><li>When we create the <code>IstioOperator</code> resource, we need to specify which networks we expect, and how to treat them</li><li>When creating the <code>cluster.env</code> we need to specify which network in which the VM belongs</li><li>We need to create a <code>Gateway</code> resource to allow application traffic from the VM to the workload items running in the mesh</li></ol><h3 id=installing-the-istio-control-plane>Installing the Istio Control Plane</h3><p>When following the <a href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Virtual Machine Installation</a> setup guide to install the control plane, we will need to tweak the installation as follows:</p><ol><li><p>Specify the expected networks in the mesh, including the <code>vm-network</code></p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-outputis=yaml data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF> ./vmintegration.yaml
|
||
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
|
||
kind: IstioOperator
|
||
spec:
|
||
values:
|
||
global:
|
||
meshExpansion:
|
||
enabled: true
|
||
multiCluster:
|
||
clusterName: kube-cluster
|
||
network: main-network
|
||
meshNetworks:
|
||
main-network:
|
||
endpoints:
|
||
- fromRegistry: kube-cluster
|
||
gateways:
|
||
- registryServiceName: istio-ingressgateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
port: 443
|
||
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>Install with the virtual-machine features enabled:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ istioctl install -f ./vmintegration.yaml
|
||
</code></pre></li></ol><h3 id=specify-the-network-for-the-vm-sidecar>Specify the network for the VM sidecar</h3><p>When following the <a href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Virtual Machine Installation</a> setup guide for creating the <code>cluster.env</code> file we need to tweak the installation by adding the following entry:</p><pre><code><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ echo "ISTIO_META_NETWORK=vm-network" >> cluster.env
|
||
</code></pre></code></pre><h3 id=create-gateway-for-application-traffic>Create Gateway for application traffic</h3><p>The last step is to create a <code>Gateway</code> resource that allows application traffic from the VMs to route correctly.</p><pre><code><pre><code class=language-yaml data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
|
||
kind: Gateway
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: cluster-aware-gateway
|
||
namespace: istio-system
|
||
spec:
|
||
selector:
|
||
istio: ingressgateway
|
||
servers:
|
||
- port:
|
||
number: 443
|
||
name: tls
|
||
protocol: TLS
|
||
tls:
|
||
mode: AUTO_PASSTHROUGH
|
||
hosts:
|
||
- "*.local"
|
||
</code></pre></code></pre><p>Applying this gateway will route any of the traffic from the VM destined for the workloads in the mesh running on <code>*.local</code></p><p>At this point, you can continue with the <a href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Setup Virtual Machine documentation</a>.</p><h2 id=verify-setup>Verify setup</h2><p>After setup, the machine can access services running in the Kubernetes cluster
|
||
or on other VMs. When a service on the VM tries to access a service in the mesh running on Kubernetes, the endpoints (i.e., IPs) for those services will be the ingress gateway on the Kubernetes Cluster. To verify that, on the VM run the following command (assuming you have a service named <code>httpbin</code> on the Kubernetes cluster):</p><pre><code><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ curl -v localhost:15000/clusters | grep httpbin
|
||
</code></pre></code></pre><p>This should show endpoints for <code>httpbin</code> that point to the ingress gateway similar to this:</p><pre><code><pre><code class=language-text data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>outbound|8000||httpbin.default.svc.cluster.local::34.72.46.113:443::cx_active::1
|
||
outbound|8000||httpbin.default.svc.cluster.local::34.72.46.113:443::cx_connect_fail::0
|
||
outbound|8000||httpbin.default.svc.cluster.local::34.72.46.113:443::cx_total::1
|
||
outbound|8000||httpbin.default.svc.cluster.local::34.72.46.113:443::rq_active::0
|
||
</code></pre></code></pre><p>The IP <code>34.72.46.113</code> in this case is the ingress gateway public endpoint.</p><h3 id=send-requests-from-vm-workloads-to-kubernetes-services>Send requests from VM workloads to Kubernetes services</h3><p>At this point we should be able to send traffic to <code>httpbin.default.svc.cluster.local</code> and get a response from the server. You may have to set up DNS in <code>/etc/hosts</code> to map the <code>httpbin.default.svc.cluster.local</code> domain name to an IP since the IP will not resolve. In this case, the IP should be an IP that gets routed to the local Istio Proxy sidecar. You can use the IP from the <code>ISTIO_SERVICE_CIDR</code> variable in the <code>cluster.env</code> file you created in the <a href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Setup Virtual Machine documentation</a>.</p><pre><code><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ curl -v httpbin.default.svc.cluster.local:8000/headers
|
||
</code></pre></code></pre><h3 id=running-services-on-the-added-vm>Running services on the added VM</h3><ol><li><p>Setup an HTTP server on the VM instance to serve HTTP traffic on port 8080:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080
|
||
</code></pre><div><aside class="callout idea"><div class=type><svg class="large-icon"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#callout-idea"/></svg></div><div class=content>Note, you may have to open firewalls to be able to access the 8080 port on your VM</div></aside></div></li><li><p>Add VM services to the mesh</p><p>Add a service to the Kubernetes cluster into a namespace (in this example, <code><vm-namespace></code>) where you prefer to keep resources (like <code>Service</code>, <code>ServiceEntry</code>, <code>WorkloadEntry</code>, <code>ServiceAccount</code>) with the VM services:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | kubectl -n <vm-namespace> apply -f -
|
||
apiVersion: v1
|
||
kind: Service
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: cloud-vm
|
||
labels:
|
||
app: cloud-vm
|
||
spec:
|
||
ports:
|
||
- port: 8080
|
||
name: http-vm
|
||
targetPort: 8080
|
||
selector:
|
||
app: cloud-vm
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre><p>Lastly create a workload with the external IP of the VM (substitute <code>VM_IP</code> with the IP of your VM):</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ cat <<EOF | kubectl -n <vm-namespace> apply -f -
|
||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
|
||
kind: WorkloadEntry
|
||
metadata:
|
||
name: "cloud-vm"
|
||
namespace: "<vm-namespace>"
|
||
spec:
|
||
address: "${VM_IP}"
|
||
labels:
|
||
app: cloud-vm
|
||
serviceAccount: "<service-account>"
|
||
EOF
|
||
</code></pre></li><li><p>Deploy a pod running the <code>sleep</code> service in the Kubernetes cluster, and wait until it is ready:</p><div><a data-skipendnotes=true style=display:none href=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.8/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml>Zip</a><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl apply -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@
|
||
$ kubectl get pod
|
||
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
sleep-88ddbcfdd-rm42k 2/2 Running 0 1s
|
||
...
|
||
</code></pre></div></li><li><p>Send a request from the <code>sleep</code> service on the pod to the VM’s HTTP service:</p><pre><code class=language-bash data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio>$ kubectl exec -it sleep-88ddbcfdd-rm42k -c sleep -- curl cloud-vm.${VM_NAMESPACE}.svc.cluster.local:8080
|
||
</code></pre><p>You should see something similar to the output below.</p><pre><code class=language-html data-expandlinks=true data-repo=istio><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><html>
|
||
<title>Directory listing for /</title>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h2>Directory listing for /</h2>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href=".bashrc">.bashrc</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href=".ssh/">.ssh/</a></li>
|
||
...
|
||
</body>
|
||
</code></pre></li></ol><p><strong>Congratulations!</strong> You successfully configured a service running in a pod within the cluster to
|
||
send traffic to a service running on a VM outside of the cluster and tested that
|
||
the configuration worked.</p><h2 id=cleanup>Cleanup</h2><p>At this point, you can remove the VM resources from the Kubernetes cluster in the <code><vm-namespace></code> namespace.</p><nav id=see-also><h2>See also</h2><div class=see-also><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.8/docs/setup/install/virtual-machine/>Virtual Machine Installation</a></p><p class=desc>Deploy Istio and connect a workload running within a virtual machine to it.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.8/docs/examples/virtual-machines/bookinfo/>Bookinfo with a Virtual Machine</a></p><p class=desc>Run the Bookinfo application with a MySQL service running on a virtual machine within your mesh.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.8/docs/examples/virtual-machines/single-network/>Example Application using Virtual Machines in a Single Network Mesh</a></p><p class=desc>Learn how to add a service running on a virtual machine to your single-network Istio mesh.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.8/blog/2019/dns-cert/>DNS Certificate Management</a></p><p class=desc>Provision and manage DNS certificates in Istio.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.8/blog/2019/webhook/>Secure Webhook Management</a></p><p class=desc>A more secure way to manage Istio webhooks.</p></div><div class=entry><p class=link><a data-skipendnotes=true href=/v1.8/blog/2019/data-plane-setup/>Demystifying Istio's Sidecar Injection Model</a></p><p class=desc>De-mystify how Istio manages to plugin its data-plane components into an existing deployment.</p></div></div></nav></article><nav class=pagenav><div class=left><a title="Learn how to add a service running on a virtual machine to your single-network Istio mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/examples/virtual-machines/single-network/><svg class="icon left-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#left-arrow"/></svg>Example Application using Virtual Machines in a Single Network Mesh</a></div><div class=right><a title="Run the Bookinfo application with a MySQL service running on a virtual machine within your mesh." href=/v1.8/docs/examples/virtual-machines/bookinfo/>Bookinfo with a Virtual Machine<svg class="icon right-arrow"><use xlink:href="/v1.8/img/icons.svg#right-arrow"/></svg></a></div></nav><div id=feedback><div id=feedback-initial>Was this information useful?<br><button class="btn feedback" onclick="sendFeedback('en',1)">Yes</button>
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