diff --git a/hack/update-estimator-protobuf.sh b/hack/update-estimator-protobuf.sh
index 117bf207f..fe32a4df7 100755
--- a/hack/update-estimator-protobuf.sh
+++ b/hack/update-estimator-protobuf.sh
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin
 GO111MODULE=on go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
 GO111MODULE=on go install k8s.io/code-generator/cmd/go-to-protobuf
 GO111MODULE=on go install github.com/gogo/protobuf/protoc-gen-gogo
+GO111MODULE=on go install github.com/vektra/mockery/v2
 
 #ref https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/hack/update-generated-protobuf-dockerized.sh
 if [[ -z "$(which protoc)" || "$(protoc --version)" != "libprotoc 3."* ]]; then
@@ -46,16 +47,7 @@ ${GOPATH}/bin/go-to-protobuf \
   --proto-import="${KARMADA_ROOT}/vendor" \
   --proto-import="${KARMADA_ROOT}/third_party/protobuf"
 
+go generate ./pkg/estimator/service
 
 # The `go-to-protobuf` tool will modify all import proto files in vendor, so we should use go mod vendor to prevent.
 go mod vendor
-
-SERVICE_PROTO_FILES=$(find ./pkg/ -name "service.proto")
-
-for file in ${SERVICE_PROTO_FILES[*]}; do
-  protoc \
-    --proto_path=. \
-    --proto_path=./vendor \
-    --gogo_out=plugins=grpc:. \
-    $file
-done
diff --git a/pkg/estimator/service/doc.go b/pkg/estimator/service/doc.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..84f8ac398
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/estimator/service/doc.go
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package service
+
+//go:generate protoc --gogo_opt=paths=source_relative -I . -I ../../.. -I ../../../vendor --gogo_out=plugins=grpc:. --gogo_opt=Mpkg/estimator/pb/generated.proto=github.com/karmada-io/karmada/pkg/estimator/pb service.proto
+//go:generate mockery --name=EstimatorClient --inpackage
diff --git a/pkg/estimator/service/mock_EstimatorClient.go b/pkg/estimator/service/mock_EstimatorClient.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..387d26ea8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/estimator/service/mock_EstimatorClient.go
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// Code generated by mockery v2.9.4. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package service
+
+import (
+	context "context"
+
+	grpc "google.golang.org/grpc"
+
+	mock "github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
+
+	pb "github.com/karmada-io/karmada/pkg/estimator/pb"
+)
+
+// MockEstimatorClient is an autogenerated mock type for the EstimatorClient type
+type MockEstimatorClient struct {
+	mock.Mock
+}
+
+// GetUnschedulableReplicas provides a mock function with given fields: ctx, in, opts
+func (_m *MockEstimatorClient) GetUnschedulableReplicas(ctx context.Context, in *pb.UnschedulableReplicasRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*pb.UnschedulableReplicasResponse, error) {
+	_va := make([]interface{}, len(opts))
+	for _i := range opts {
+		_va[_i] = opts[_i]
+	}
+	var _ca []interface{}
+	_ca = append(_ca, ctx, in)
+	_ca = append(_ca, _va...)
+	ret := _m.Called(_ca...)
+
+	var r0 *pb.UnschedulableReplicasResponse
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func(context.Context, *pb.UnschedulableReplicasRequest, ...grpc.CallOption) *pb.UnschedulableReplicasResponse); ok {
+		r0 = rf(ctx, in, opts...)
+	} else {
+		if ret.Get(0) != nil {
+			r0 = ret.Get(0).(*pb.UnschedulableReplicasResponse)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var r1 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(1).(func(context.Context, *pb.UnschedulableReplicasRequest, ...grpc.CallOption) error); ok {
+		r1 = rf(ctx, in, opts...)
+	} else {
+		r1 = ret.Error(1)
+	}
+
+	return r0, r1
+}
+
+// MaxAvailableReplicas provides a mock function with given fields: ctx, in, opts
+func (_m *MockEstimatorClient) MaxAvailableReplicas(ctx context.Context, in *pb.MaxAvailableReplicasRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*pb.MaxAvailableReplicasResponse, error) {
+	_va := make([]interface{}, len(opts))
+	for _i := range opts {
+		_va[_i] = opts[_i]
+	}
+	var _ca []interface{}
+	_ca = append(_ca, ctx, in)
+	_ca = append(_ca, _va...)
+	ret := _m.Called(_ca...)
+
+	var r0 *pb.MaxAvailableReplicasResponse
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func(context.Context, *pb.MaxAvailableReplicasRequest, ...grpc.CallOption) *pb.MaxAvailableReplicasResponse); ok {
+		r0 = rf(ctx, in, opts...)
+	} else {
+		if ret.Get(0) != nil {
+			r0 = ret.Get(0).(*pb.MaxAvailableReplicasResponse)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var r1 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(1).(func(context.Context, *pb.MaxAvailableReplicasRequest, ...grpc.CallOption) error); ok {
+		r1 = rf(ctx, in, opts...)
+	} else {
+		r1 = ret.Error(1)
+	}
+
+	return r0, r1
+}