http-add-on/interceptor/proxy_handlers_test.go

package main

import (
	"context"
	"crypto/tls"
	"crypto/x509"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httptest"
	"net/url"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"github.com/go-logr/logr"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
	"k8s.io/utils/ptr"

	"github.com/kedacore/http-add-on/interceptor/config"
	httpv1alpha1 "github.com/kedacore/http-add-on/operator/apis/http/v1alpha1"
	kedanet "github.com/kedacore/http-add-on/pkg/net"
	"github.com/kedacore/http-add-on/pkg/util"
)

var TestTLSConfig = tls.Config{}

func init() {
	caCert, err := os.ReadFile("../certs/tls.crt")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Error getting tests certs - make sure to run make test to generate them: %v", err)
	}
	caCertPool := x509.NewCertPool()
	caCertPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(caCert)
	cert, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair("../certs/tls.crt", "../certs/tls.key")

	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Error getting tests certs - make sure to run make test to generate them %v", err)
	}

	TestTLSConfig.RootCAs = caCertPool
	TestTLSConfig.Certificates = []tls.Certificate{cert}
}

// the proxy should successfully forward a request to a running server
func TestImmediatelySuccessfulProxy(t *testing.T) {
	host := fmt.Sprintf("%s.testing", t.Name())
	r := require.New(t)

	originHdl := kedanet.NewTestHTTPHandlerWrapper(
		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
			w.WriteHeader(200)
			_, err := w.Write([]byte("test response"))
			r.NoError(err)
		}),
	)
	srv, originURL, err := kedanet.StartTestServer(originHdl)
	r.NoError(err)
	defer srv.Close()
	originPort, err := strconv.Atoi(originURL.Port())
	r.NoError(err)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())
	waitFunc := func(context.Context, string, string) (bool, error) {
		return false, nil
	}
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&tls.Config{},
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, targetFromURL(
		originURL,
		originPort,
		"testdepl",
		"testservice",
	))
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, originURL)
	req.Host = host

	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)

	r.Equal("false", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start false")
	r.Equal(200, res.Code, "expected response code 200")
	r.Equal("test response", res.Body.String())
}

func TestImmediatelySuccessfulProxyTLS(t *testing.T) {
	host := fmt.Sprintf("%s.testing", t.Name())
	r := require.New(t)

	originHdl := kedanet.NewTestHTTPHandlerWrapper(
		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
			w.WriteHeader(200)
			_, err := w.Write([]byte("test response"))
			r.NoError(err)
		}),
	)
	srv, originURL, err := kedanet.StartTestServer(originHdl)
	r.NoError(err)
	defer srv.Close()
	originPort, err := strconv.Atoi(originURL.Port())
	r.NoError(err)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())
	waitFunc := func(context.Context, string, string) (bool, error) {
		return false, nil
	}
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&TestTLSConfig,
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, targetFromURL(
		originURL,
		originPort,
		"testdepl",
		"testsvc",
	))
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, originURL)
	req.Host = host

	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)

	r.Equal("false", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start false")
	r.Equal(200, res.Code, "expected response code 200")
	r.Equal("test response", res.Body.String())
}

// the proxy should successfully forward a request to the failover when the server is not reachable
func TestImmediatelySuccessfulFailoverProxy(t *testing.T) {
	host := fmt.Sprintf("%s.testing", t.Name())
	r := require.New(t)

	initialStream, err := url.Parse("http://0.0.0.0:0")
	r.NoError(err)

	failoverHdl := kedanet.NewTestHTTPHandlerWrapper(
		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
			w.WriteHeader(200)
			_, err := w.Write([]byte("test response"))
			r.NoError(err)
		}),
	)
	srv, failoverURL, err := kedanet.StartTestServer(failoverHdl)
	r.NoError(err)
	defer srv.Close()
	failoverPort, err := strconv.Atoi(failoverURL.Port())
	r.NoError(err)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())
	waitFunc := func(ctx context.Context, _ string, _ string) (bool, error) {
		return false, errors.New("nothing")
	}
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       0,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&tls.Config{},
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req,
		&httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject{
			ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
				Namespace: "@" + host,
			},
			Spec: httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObjectSpec{
				ScaleTargetRef: httpv1alpha1.ScaleTargetRef{
					Name:    "testdepl",
					Service: "testsvc",
					Port:    int32(456),
				},
				ColdStartTimeoutFailoverRef: &httpv1alpha1.ColdStartTimeoutFailoverRef{
					Service:        "testsvc",
					Port:           int32(failoverPort),
					TimeoutSeconds: 30,
				},
				TargetPendingRequests: ptr.To[int32](123),
			},
		},
	)
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, initialStream)
	req = util.RequestWithFailoverStream(req, failoverURL)
	req.Host = host

	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)

	r.Equal(200, res.Code, "expected response code 200")
	r.Equal("test response", res.Body.String())
}

// the proxy should wait for a timeout and fail if there is no
// origin to which to connect
func TestWaitFailedConnection(t *testing.T) {
	const host = "TestWaitFailedConnection.testing"
	r := require.New(t)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	backoff := timeouts.DefaultBackoff()
	backoff.Steps = 2
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(
		timeouts,
		backoff,
	)
	waitFunc := func(context.Context, string, string) (bool, error) {
		return false, nil
	}
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&tls.Config{},
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	stream, err := url.Parse("http://0.0.0.0:0")
	r.NoError(err)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, &httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Namespace: "testns",
		},
		Spec: httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObjectSpec{
			ScaleTargetRef: httpv1alpha1.ScaleTargetRef{
				Service: "nosuchdepl",
				Port:    8081,
			},
			TargetPendingRequests: ptr.To[int32](1234),
		},
	})
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, stream)
	req.Host = host

	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)

	r.Equal("false", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start false")
	r.Equal(502, res.Code, "response code was unexpected")
}

func TestWaitFailedConnectionTLS(t *testing.T) {
	const host = "TestWaitFailedConnection.testing"
	r := require.New(t)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	backoff := timeouts.DefaultBackoff()
	backoff.Steps = 2
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(
		timeouts,
		backoff,
	)
	waitFunc := func(context.Context, string, string) (bool, error) {
		return false, nil
	}
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&TestTLSConfig,
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	stream, err := url.Parse("http://0.0.0.0:0")
	r.NoError(err)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, &httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Namespace: "testns",
		},
		Spec: httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObjectSpec{
			ScaleTargetRef: httpv1alpha1.ScaleTargetRef{
				Name:    "nosuchdepl",
				Service: "nosuchdepl",
				Port:    8081,
			},
			TargetPendingRequests: ptr.To[int32](1234),
		},
	})
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, stream)
	req.Host = host

	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)

	r.Equal("false", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start false")
	r.Equal(502, res.Code, "response code was unexpected")
}

// the proxy handler should wait for the wait function until it hits
// a timeout, then it should fail
func TestTimesOutOnWaitFunc(t *testing.T) {
	r := require.New(t)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	timeouts.WorkloadReplicas = 25 * time.Millisecond
	timeouts.ResponseHeader = 25 * time.Millisecond
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())

	waitFunc, waitFuncCalledCh, finishWaitFunc := notifyingFunc()
	defer finishWaitFunc()
	noSuchHost := fmt.Sprintf("%s.testing", t.Name())

	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&tls.Config{},
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	stream, err := url.Parse("http://1.1.1.1")
	r.NoError(err)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, &httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Namespace: "testns",
		},
		Spec: httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObjectSpec{
			ScaleTargetRef: httpv1alpha1.ScaleTargetRef{
				Service: "nosuchsvc",
				Port:    9091,
			},
			TargetPendingRequests: ptr.To[int32](1234),
		},
	})
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, stream)
	req.Host = noSuchHost

	start := time.Now()
	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)
	elapsed := time.Since(start)

	t.Logf("elapsed time was %s", elapsed)
	// serving should take at least timeouts.DeploymentReplicas, but no more than
	// timeouts.DeploymentReplicas*4
	r.GreaterOrEqual(elapsed, timeouts.WorkloadReplicas)
	r.LessOrEqual(elapsed, timeouts.WorkloadReplicas*4)
	r.Equal(502, res.Code, "response code was unexpected")

	// we will always return the X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start header
	// when we are able to forward the
	// request to the backend but not if we have failed due
	// to a timeout from a waitFunc or earlier in the pipeline,
	// for example, if we cannot reach the Kubernetes control
	// plane.
	r.Equal("", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start to be empty")

	// waitFunc should have been called, even though it timed out
	waitFuncCalled := false
	select {
	case <-waitFuncCalledCh:
		waitFuncCalled = true
	default:
	}

	r.True(waitFuncCalled, "wait function was not called")
}

func TestTimesOutOnWaitFuncTLS(t *testing.T) {
	r := require.New(t)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	timeouts.WorkloadReplicas = 25 * time.Millisecond
	timeouts.ResponseHeader = 25 * time.Millisecond
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())

	waitFunc, waitFuncCalledCh, finishWaitFunc := notifyingFunc()
	defer finishWaitFunc()
	noSuchHost := fmt.Sprintf("%s.testing", t.Name())

	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&TestTLSConfig,
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	stream, err := url.Parse("http://1.1.1.1")
	r.NoError(err)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, &httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Namespace: "testns",
		},
		Spec: httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObjectSpec{
			ScaleTargetRef: httpv1alpha1.ScaleTargetRef{
				Name:    "nosuchdepl",
				Service: "nosuchsvc",
				Port:    9091,
			},
			TargetPendingRequests: ptr.To[int32](1234),
		},
	})
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, stream)
	req.Host = noSuchHost

	start := time.Now()
	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)
	elapsed := time.Since(start)

	t.Logf("elapsed time was %s", elapsed)
	// serving should take at least timeouts.DeploymentReplicas, but no more than
	// timeouts.DeploymentReplicas*4
	r.GreaterOrEqual(elapsed, timeouts.WorkloadReplicas)
	r.LessOrEqual(elapsed, timeouts.WorkloadReplicas*4)
	r.Equal(502, res.Code, "response code was unexpected")

	// we will always return the X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start header
	// when we are able to forward the
	// request to the backend but not if we have failed due
	// to a timeout from a waitFunc or earlier in the pipeline,
	// for example, if we cannot reach the Kubernetes control
	// plane.
	r.Equal("", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start to be empty")

	// waitFunc should have been called, even though it timed out
	waitFuncCalled := false
	select {
	case <-waitFuncCalledCh:
		waitFuncCalled = true
	default:
	}

	r.True(waitFuncCalled, "wait function was not called")
}

// Test to make sure the proxy handler will wait for the waitFunc to
// complete
func TestWaitsForWaitFunc(t *testing.T) {
	r := require.New(t)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())

	waitFunc, waitFuncCalledCh, finishWaitFunc := notifyingFunc()
	const (
		noSuchHost     = "TestWaitsForWaitFunc.test"
		originRespCode = 201
	)
	testSrv, testSrvURL, err := kedanet.StartTestServer(
		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
			w.WriteHeader(originRespCode)
		}),
	)
	r.NoError(err)
	defer testSrv.Close()
	_, originPort, err := splitHostPort(testSrvURL.Host)
	r.NoError(err)
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&tls.Config{},
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, targetFromURL(
		testSrvURL,
		originPort,
		"nosuchdepl",
		"noservice",
	))
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, testSrvURL)
	req.Host = noSuchHost

	// make the wait function finish after a short duration
	const waitDur = 100 * time.Millisecond
	go func() {
		time.Sleep(waitDur)
		finishWaitFunc()
	}()

	start := time.Now()
	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)
	elapsed := time.Since(start)
	r.NoError(waitForSignal(waitFuncCalledCh, 1*time.Second))

	// should take at least waitDur, but no more than waitDur*4
	r.GreaterOrEqual(elapsed, waitDur)
	r.Less(elapsed, waitDur*4)

	r.Equal("true", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start true")
	r.Equal(
		originRespCode,
		res.Code,
		"response code was unexpected",
	)
}

func TestWaitsForWaitFuncTLS(t *testing.T) {
	r := require.New(t)

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())

	waitFunc, waitFuncCalledCh, finishWaitFunc := notifyingFunc()
	const (
		noSuchHost     = "TestWaitsForWaitFunc.test"
		originRespCode = 201
	)
	testSrv, testSrvURL, err := kedanet.StartTestServer(
		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
			w.WriteHeader(originRespCode)
		}),
	)
	r.NoError(err)
	defer testSrv.Close()
	_, originPort, err := splitHostPort(testSrvURL.Host)
	r.NoError(err)
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&TestTLSConfig,
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, targetFromURL(
		testSrvURL,
		originPort,
		"nosuchdepl",
		"nosuchsvc",
	))
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, testSrvURL)
	req.Host = noSuchHost

	// make the wait function finish after a short duration
	const waitDur = 100 * time.Millisecond
	go func() {
		time.Sleep(waitDur)
		finishWaitFunc()
	}()

	start := time.Now()
	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)
	elapsed := time.Since(start)
	r.NoError(waitForSignal(waitFuncCalledCh, 1*time.Second))

	// should take at least waitDur, but no more than waitDur*4
	r.GreaterOrEqual(elapsed, waitDur)
	r.Less(elapsed, waitDur*4)

	r.Equal(
		originRespCode,
		res.Code,
		"response code was unexpected",
	)
}

// the proxy should connect to a server, and then time out if
// the server doesn't respond in time
func TestWaitHeaderTimeout(t *testing.T) {
	r := require.New(t)

	// the origin will wait for this channel to receive or close before it sends any data back to the
	// proxy
	originHdlCh := make(chan struct{})
	originHdl := kedanet.NewTestHTTPHandlerWrapper(
		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
			<-originHdlCh
			w.WriteHeader(200)
			_, err := w.Write([]byte("test response"))
			r.NoError(err)
		}),
	)
	srv, originURL, err := kedanet.StartTestServer(originHdl)
	r.NoError(err)
	defer srv.Close()

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())
	waitFunc := func(context.Context, string, string) (bool, error) {
		return false, nil
	}
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&tls.Config{},
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, &httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Namespace: "testns",
		},
		Spec: httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObjectSpec{
			ScaleTargetRef: httpv1alpha1.ScaleTargetRef{
				Service: "testsvc",
				Port:    9094,
			},
			TargetPendingRequests: ptr.To[int32](1234),
		},
	})
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, originURL)
	req.Host = originURL.Host

	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)

	r.Equal("false", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start false")
	r.Equal(502, res.Code, "response code was unexpected")
	close(originHdlCh)
}

func TestWaitHeaderTimeoutTLS(t *testing.T) {
	r := require.New(t)

	// the origin will wait for this channel to receive or close before it sends any data back to the
	// proxy
	originHdlCh := make(chan struct{})
	originHdl := kedanet.NewTestHTTPHandlerWrapper(
		http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
			<-originHdlCh
			w.WriteHeader(200)
			_, err := w.Write([]byte("test response"))
			r.NoError(err)
		}),
	)
	srv, originURL, err := kedanet.StartTestServer(originHdl)
	r.NoError(err)
	defer srv.Close()

	timeouts := defaultTimeouts()
	dialCtxFunc := retryDialContextFunc(timeouts, timeouts.DefaultBackoff())
	waitFunc := func(context.Context, string, string) (bool, error) {
		return false, nil
	}
	hdl := newForwardingHandler(
		logr.Discard(),
		dialCtxFunc,
		waitFunc,
		forwardingConfig{
			waitTimeout:       timeouts.WorkloadReplicas,
			respHeaderTimeout: timeouts.ResponseHeader,
		},
		&TestTLSConfig,
		&config.Tracing{},
	)
	const path = "/testfwd"
	res, req, err := reqAndRes(path)
	r.NoError(err)
	req = util.RequestWithHTTPSO(req, &httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Namespace: "testns",
		},
		Spec: httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObjectSpec{
			ScaleTargetRef: httpv1alpha1.ScaleTargetRef{
				Name:    "nosuchdepl",
				Service: "testsvc",
				Port:    9094,
			},
			TargetPendingRequests: ptr.To[int32](1234),
		},
	})
	req = util.RequestWithStream(req, originURL)
	req.Host = originURL.Host

	hdl.ServeHTTP(res, req)

	r.Equal("false", res.Header().Get("X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start"), "expected X-KEDA-HTTP-Cold-Start false")
	r.Equal(502, res.Code, "response code was unexpected")
	close(originHdlCh)
}

func waitForSignal(sig <-chan struct{}, waitDur time.Duration) error {
	tmr := time.NewTimer(waitDur)
	defer tmr.Stop()
	select {
	case <-sig:
		return nil
	case <-tmr.C:
		return fmt.Errorf("signal didn't happen within %s", waitDur)
	}
}

// notifyingFunc creates a new function to be used as a waitFunc in the
// newForwardingHandler function. it also returns a channel that will
// be closed immediately after the function is called (not necessarily
// before it returns).
//
// the _returned_ function won't itself return until the returned func()
// is called, or the context that is passed to it is done (e.g. cancelled, timed out,
// etc...). in the former case, the returned func itself returns nil. in the latter,
// it returns ctx.Err()
func notifyingFunc() (forwardWaitFunc, <-chan struct{}, func()) {
	calledCh := make(chan struct{})
	finishCh := make(chan struct{})
	finishFunc := func() {
		close(finishCh)
	}
	return func(ctx context.Context, _, _ string) (bool, error) {
		close(calledCh)
		select {
		case <-finishCh:
			return true, nil
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return true, fmt.Errorf("TEST FUNCTION CONTEXT ERROR: %w", ctx.Err())
		}
	}, calledCh, finishFunc
}

func targetFromURL(
	u *url.URL,
	port int,
	workload string,
	service string,
) *httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject {
	host := strings.Split(u.Host, ":")[0]
	return &httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObject{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Namespace: "@" + host,
		},
		Spec: httpv1alpha1.HTTPScaledObjectSpec{
			ScaleTargetRef: httpv1alpha1.ScaleTargetRef{
				Name:    workload,
				Service: service,
				Port:    int32(port),
			},
			TargetPendingRequests: ptr.To[int32](123),
		},
	}
}

func defaultTimeouts() config.Timeouts {
	return config.Timeouts{
		Connect:          100 * time.Millisecond,
		KeepAlive:        100 * time.Millisecond,
		ResponseHeader:   500 * time.Millisecond,
		WorkloadReplicas: 1 * time.Second,
	}
}

// returns a kedanet.DialContextFunc by calling kedanet.DialContextWithRetry. if you pass nil for the
// timeoutConfig, it uses standard values. otherwise it uses the one you passed.
//
// the returned config.Timeouts is what was passed to the DialContextWithRetry function
func retryDialContextFunc(
	timeouts config.Timeouts,
	backoff wait.Backoff,
) kedanet.DialContextFunc {
	dialer := kedanet.NewNetDialer(
		timeouts.Connect,
		timeouts.KeepAlive,
	)
	return kedanet.DialContextWithRetry(dialer, backoff)
}

func reqAndRes(path string) (*httptest.ResponseRecorder, *http.Request, error) {
	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", path, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	resRecorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
	return resRecorder, req, nil
}