autoscaler/cluster-autoscaler

Cluster Autoscaler

Introduction

Cluster Autoscaler is a tool that automatically adjusts the size of the Kubernetes cluster when one of the following conditions is true:

• there are pods that failed to run in the cluster due to insufficient resources.
• there are nodes in the cluster that have been underutilized for an extended period of time and their pods can be placed on other existing nodes.

FAQ/Documentation

An FAQ is available HERE.

You should also take a look at the notes and "gotchas" for your specific cloud provider:

• AliCloud
• Azure
• AWS
• BaiduCloud
• HuaweiCloud

Releases

We recommend using Cluster Autoscaler with the Kubernetes master version for which it was meant. The below combinations have been tested on GCP. We don't do cross version testing or compatibility testing in other environments. Some user reports indicate successful use of a newer version of Cluster Autoscaler with older clusters, however, there is always a chance that it won't work as expected.

Starting from Kubernetes 1.12, versioning scheme was changed to match Kubernetes minor releases exactly.

Kubernetes Version	CA Version
1.16.X	1.16.X
1.15.X	1.15.X
1.14.X	1.14.X
1.13.X	1.13.X
1.12.X	1.12.X
1.11.X	1.3.X
1.10.X	1.2.X
1.9.X	1.1.X
1.8.X	1.0.X
1.7.X	0.6.X
1.6.X	0.5.X, 0.6.X*
1.5.X	0.4.X
1.4.X	0.3.X

^*Cluster Autoscaler 0.5.X is the official version shipped with k8s 1.6. We've done some basic tests using k8s 1.6 / CA 0.6 and we're not aware of any problems with this setup. However, Cluster Autoscaler internally simulates Kubernetes' scheduler and using different versions of scheduler code can lead to subtle issues.

Notable changes

For CA 1.1.2 and later, please check release notes.

CA version 1.1.1:

• Fixes around metrics in the multi-master configuration.
• Fixes for unready nodes issues when quota is overrun.

CA version 1.1.0:

• Added Azure support.
• Added support for pod priorities. More details here.

CA version 1.0.3:

• Adds support for safe-to-evict annotation on pod. Pods with this annotation can be evicted even if they don't meet other requirements for it.
• Fixes an issue when too many nodes with GPUs could be added during scale-up (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/54959).

CA Version 1.0.2:

• Fixes issues with scaling node groups using GPU from 0 to 1 on GKE (https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/pull/401) and AWS (https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/issues/321).
• Fixes a bug where goroutines performing API calls were leaking when using dynamic config on AWS (https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/issues/252).
• Node Autoprovisioning support for GKE (the implementation was included in 1.0.0, but this release includes some bugfixes and introduces metrics and events).

CA Version 1.0.1:

• Fixes a bug in handling nodes that, at the same time, fail to register in Kubernetes and can't be deleted from cloud provider (https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/issues/369).
• Improves estimation of resources available on a node when performing scale-from-0 on GCE (https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/issues/326).
• Bugfixes in the new GKE cloud provider implementation.

CA Version 1.0:

With this release we graduated Cluster Autoscaler to GA.

• Support for 1000 nodes running 30 pods each. See: Scalability testing report
• Support for 10 min graceful termination.
• Improved eventing and monitoring.
• Node allocatable support.
• Removed Azure support. See: PR removing support with reasoning behind this decision
• cluster-autoscaler.kubernetes.io/scale-down-disabled annotation for marking nodes that should not be scaled down.
• scale-down-delay-after-delete and scale-down-delay-after-failure flags replaced scale-down-trial-interval

CA Version 0.6:

• Allows scaling node groups to 0 (currently only in GCE/GKE, other cloud providers are coming). See: How can I scale a node group to 0?
• Price-based expander (currently only in GCE/GKE, other cloud providers are coming). See: What are Expanders?
• Similar node groups are balanced (to be enabled with a flag). See: I'm running cluster with nodes in multiple zones for HA purposes. Is that supported by Cluster Autoscaler?
• It is possible to scale-down nodes with kube-system pods if PodDisruptionBudget is provided. See: How can I scale my cluster to just 1 node?
• Automatic node group discovery on AWS (to be enabled with a flag). See: AWS doc.
• CA exposes runtime metrics. See: How can I monitor Cluster Autoscaler?
• CA exposes an endpoint for liveness probe.
• max-grateful-termination-sec flag renamed to max-graceful-termination-sec.
• Lower AWS API traffic to DescribeAutoscalingGroup.

CA Version 0.5.4:

• Fixes problems with node drain when pods are ignoring SIGTERM.

CA Version 0.5.3:

• Fixes problems with pod anti-affinity in scale up https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/issues/33.

CA Version 0.5.2:

• Fixes problems with pods using persistent volume claims in scale up https://github.com/kubernetes/contrib/issues/2507.

CA Version 0.5.1:

• Fixes problems with slow network route creations on cluster scale up https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/43709.

CA Version 0.5:

• CA continues to operate even if some nodes are unready and is able to scale-down them.
• CA exports its status to kube-system/cluster-autoscaler-status config map.
• CA respects PodDisruptionBudgets.
• Azure support.
• Alpha support for dynamic config changes.
• Multiple expanders to decide which node group to scale up.

CA Version 0.4:

• Bulk empty node deletions.
• Better scale-up estimator based on binpacking.
• Improved logging.

CA Version 0.3:

• AWS support.
• Performance improvements around scale down.

Deployment

Cluster Autoscaler is designed to run on Kubernetes master node. This is the default deployment strategy on GCP. It is possible to run a customized deployment of Cluster Autoscaler on worker nodes, but extra care needs to be taken to ensure that Cluster Autoscaler remains up and running. Users can put it into kube-system namespace (Cluster Autoscaler doesn't scale down node with non-mirrored kube-system pods running on them) and set a priorityClassName: system-cluster-critical property on your pod spec (to prevent your pod from being evicted).

Supported cloud providers:

• GCE https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/cluster-management/
• GKE https://cloud.google.com/container-engine/docs/cluster-autoscaler
• AWS https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/blob/master/cluster-autoscaler/cloudprovider/aws/README.md
• Azure https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/blob/master/cluster-autoscaler/cloudprovider/azure/README.md
• Alibaba Cloud https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/blob/master/cluster-autoscaler/cloudprovider/alicloud/README.md
• OpenStack Magnum https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/blob/master/cluster-autoscaler/cloudprovider/magnum/README.md
• DigitalOcean https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/blob/master/cluster-autoscaler/cloudprovider/digitalocean/README.md
• Exoscale https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/blob/master/cluster-autoscaler/cloudprovider/exoscale/README.md