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Validating Webhook (admission controller)
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Customization
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Custom Configuration
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Custom Errors
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Custom Headers
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Custom DH parameters for perfect forward secrecy
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</a>
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Sysctl tuning
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Docker registry
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</a>
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gRPC
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</a>
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Multi TLS certificate termination
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Rewrite
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</a>
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Static IPs
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TLS termination
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<a href="../../examples/psp/" title="Pod Security Policy (PSP)" class="md-nav__link">
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Pod Security Policy (PSP)
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="toc">
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<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
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<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">Table of contents</label>
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<a href="#overview" class="md-nav__link">
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Overview
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#configure-the-webhook" class="md-nav__link">
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Configure the webhook
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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Generate the webhook certificate
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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Self signed certificate
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</a>
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Using Kubernetes CA
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</a>
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</ul>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#using-helm" class="md-nav__link">
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Using helm
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</a>
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</ul>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#ingress-controller-flags" class="md-nav__link">
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Ingress controller flags
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</a>
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kube API server flags
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<a href="#additional-kubernetes-objects" class="md-nav__link">
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Additional kubernetes objects
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<div class="md-content">
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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
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<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/edit/master/docs/deploy/validating-webhook.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-icon md-content__icon"></a>
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<h1 id="validating-webhook-admission-controller">Validating webhook (admission controller)<a class="headerlink" href="#validating-webhook-admission-controller" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h1>
|
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<h2 id="overview">Overview<a class="headerlink" href="#overview" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Nginx ingress controller offers the option to validate ingresses before they enter the cluster, ensuring controller will generate a valid configuration.</p>
|
|
<p>This controller is called, when <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/admission-controllers/#validatingadmissionwebhook">ValidatingAdmissionWebhook</a> is enabled, by the Kubernetes API server each time a new ingress is to enter the cluster, and rejects objects for which the generated nginx configuration fails to be validated.</p>
|
|
<p>This feature requires some further configuration of the cluster, hence it is an optional feature, this section explains how to enable it for your cluster.</p>
|
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<h2 id="configure-the-webhook">Configure the webhook<a class="headerlink" href="#configure-the-webhook" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h2>
|
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<h3 id="generate-the-webhook-certificate">Generate the webhook certificate<a class="headerlink" href="#generate-the-webhook-certificate" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h3>
|
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<h4 id="self-signed-certificate">Self signed certificate<a class="headerlink" href="#self-signed-certificate" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h4>
|
|
<p>Validating webhook must be served using TLS, you need to generate a certificate. Note that kube API server is checking the hostname of the certificate, the common name of your certificate will need to match the service name.</p>
|
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<div class="admonition example">
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|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
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<p>To run the validating webhook with a service named <code class="codehilite"><span class="err">ingress-validation-webhook</span></code> in the namespace <code class="codehilite"><span class="err">ingress-nginx</span></code>, run</p>
|
|
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code>openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout certificate.pem -out key.pem -days <span class="m">365</span> -nodes -subj <span class="s2">"/CN=ingress-validation-webhook.ingress-nginx.svc"</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<h5 id="using-kubernetes-ca">Using Kubernetes CA<a class="headerlink" href="#using-kubernetes-ca" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h5>
|
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<p>Kubernetes also provides primitives to sign a certificate request. Here is an example on how to use it</p>
|
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<div class="admonition example">
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
|
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="ch">#!/bin/bash</span>
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|
|
<span class="nv">SERVICE_NAME</span><span class="o">=</span>ingress-nginx
|
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<span class="nv">NAMESPACE</span><span class="o">=</span>ingress-nginx
|
|
|
|
<span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>mktemp -d<span class="k">)</span>
|
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<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"creating certs in directory </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
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|
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cat <span class="s"><<EOF >> ${TEMP_DIRECTORY}/csr.conf</span>
|
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<span class="s">[req]</span>
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<span class="s">req_extensions = v3_req</span>
|
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<span class="s">distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name</span>
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<span class="s">[req_distinguished_name]</span>
|
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<span class="s">[ v3_req ]</span>
|
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<span class="s">basicConstraints = CA:FALSE</span>
|
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<span class="s">keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment</span>
|
|
<span class="s">extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth</span>
|
|
<span class="s">subjectAltName = @alt_names</span>
|
|
<span class="s">[alt_names]</span>
|
|
<span class="s">DNS.1 = ${SERVICE_NAME}</span>
|
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<span class="s">DNS.2 = ${SERVICE_NAME}.${NAMESPACE}</span>
|
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<span class="s">DNS.3 = ${SERVICE_NAME}.${NAMESPACE}.svc</span>
|
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<span class="s">EOF</span>
|
|
|
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openssl genrsa -out <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="si">}</span>/server-key.pem <span class="m">2048</span>
|
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openssl req -new -key <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="si">}</span>/server-key.pem <span class="se">\</span>
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-subj <span class="s2">"/CN=</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">SERVICE_NAME</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">NAMESPACE</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.svc"</span> <span class="se">\</span>
|
|
-out <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="si">}</span>/server.csr <span class="se">\</span>
|
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-config <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="si">}</span>/csr.conf
|
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|
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cat <span class="s"><<EOF | kubectl create -f -</span>
|
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<span class="s">apiVersion: certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1</span>
|
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<span class="s">kind: CertificateSigningRequest</span>
|
|
<span class="s">metadata:</span>
|
|
<span class="s"> name: ${SERVICE_NAME}.${NAMESPACE}.svc</span>
|
|
<span class="s">spec:</span>
|
|
<span class="s"> request: $(cat ${TEMP_DIRECTORY}/server.csr | base64 | tr -d '\n')</span>
|
|
<span class="s"> usages:</span>
|
|
<span class="s"> - digital signature</span>
|
|
<span class="s"> - key encipherment</span>
|
|
<span class="s"> - server auth</span>
|
|
<span class="s">EOF</span>
|
|
|
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kubectl certificate approve <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">SERVICE_NAME</span><span class="si">}</span>.<span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">NAMESPACE</span><span class="si">}</span>.svc
|
|
|
|
<span class="k">for</span> x in <span class="k">$(</span>seq <span class="m">10</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">do</span>
|
|
<span class="nv">SERVER_CERT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get csr <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">SERVICE_NAME</span><span class="si">}</span>.<span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">NAMESPACE</span><span class="si">}</span>.svc -o <span class="nv">jsonpath</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'{.status.certificate}'</span><span class="k">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">[[</span> <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">SERVER_CERT</span><span class="si">}</span> !<span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">''</span> <span class="o">]]</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">then</span>
|
|
<span class="nb">break</span>
|
|
<span class="k">fi</span>
|
|
sleep <span class="m">1</span>
|
|
<span class="k">done</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">[[</span> <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">SERVER_CERT</span><span class="si">}</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">''</span> <span class="o">]]</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">then</span>
|
|
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"ERROR: After approving csr </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">SERVICE_NAME</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">NAMESPACE</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.svc, the signed certificate did not appear on the resource. Giving up after 10 attempts."</span> ><span class="p">&</span><span class="m">2</span>
|
|
<span class="nb">exit</span> <span class="m">1</span>
|
|
<span class="k">fi</span>
|
|
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">SERVER_CERT</span><span class="si">}</span> <span class="p">|</span> openssl base64 -d -A -out <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="si">}</span>/server-cert.pem
|
|
|
|
kubectl create secret generic ingress-nginx.svc <span class="se">\</span>
|
|
--from-file<span class="o">=</span>key.pem<span class="o">=</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="si">}</span>/server-key.pem <span class="se">\</span>
|
|
--from-file<span class="o">=</span>cert.pem<span class="o">=</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">TEMP_DIRECTORY</span><span class="si">}</span>/server-cert.pem <span class="se">\</span>
|
|
-n <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">NAMESPACE</span><span class="si">}</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<h4 id="using-helm">Using helm<a class="headerlink" href="#using-helm" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h4>
|
|
<p>To generate the certificate using helm, you can use the following snippet</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition example">
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
|
|
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cp">{{</span><span class="o">-</span> <span class="err">$</span><span class="nv">cn</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nv">printf</span> <span class="s2">"%s.%s.svc"</span> <span class="o">(</span> <span class="nv">include</span> <span class="s2">"nginx-ingress.validatingWebhook.fullname"</span> <span class="err">.</span> <span class="o">)</span> <span class="nv">.Release.Namespace</span> <span class="cp">}}</span><span class="x"></span>
|
|
<span class="cp">{{</span><span class="o">-</span> <span class="err">$</span><span class="nv">ca</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nv">genCA</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">printf</span> <span class="s2">"%s-ca"</span> <span class="o">(</span> <span class="nv">include</span> <span class="s2">"nginx-ingress.validatingWebhook.fullname"</span> <span class="err">.</span> <span class="o">))</span> <span class="nv">.Values.validatingWebhook.certificateValidity</span> -<span class="cp">}}</span><span class="x"></span>
|
|
<span class="cp">{{</span><span class="o">-</span> <span class="err">$</span><span class="nv">cert</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nv">genSignedCert</span> <span class="err">$</span><span class="nv">cn</span> <span class="nv">nil</span> <span class="nv">nil</span> <span class="nv">.Values.validatingWebhook.certificateValidity</span> <span class="err">$</span><span class="nv">ca</span> -<span class="cp">}}</span><span class="x"></span>
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<h3 id="ingress-controller-flags">Ingress controller flags<a class="headerlink" href="#ingress-controller-flags" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>To enable the feature in the ingress controller, you <em>need</em> to provide 3 flags to the command line.</p>
|
|
<table>
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>flag</th>
|
|
<th>description</th>
|
|
<th>example usage</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><code class="codehilite"><span class="err">--validating-webhook</span></code></td>
|
|
<td>The address to start an admission controller on</td>
|
|
<td><code class="codehilite"><span class="err">:8080</span></code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><code class="codehilite"><span class="err">--validating-webhook-certificate</span></code></td>
|
|
<td>The certificate the webhook is using for its TLS handling</td>
|
|
<td><code class="codehilite"><span class="err">/usr/local/certificates/validating-webhook.pem</span></code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><code class="codehilite"><span class="err">--validating-webhook-key</span></code></td>
|
|
<td>The key the webhook is using for its TLS handling</td>
|
|
<td><code class="codehilite"><span class="err">/usr/local/certificates/validating-webhook-key.pem</span></code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3 id="kube-api-server-flags">kube API server flags<a class="headerlink" href="#kube-api-server-flags" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>Validating webhook feature requires specific setup on the kube API server side. Depending on your kubernetes version, the flag can, or not, be enabled by default.
|
|
To check that your kube API server runs with the required flags, please refer to the <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/admission-controllers/#validatingadmissionwebhook">kubernetes</a> documentation.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="additional-kubernetes-objects">Additional kubernetes objects<a class="headerlink" href="#additional-kubernetes-objects" title="Permanent link"> ¶</a></h3>
|
|
<p>Once both the ingress controller and the kube API server are configured to serve the webhook, add the you can configure the webhook with the following objects:</p>
|
|
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Service</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ingress-validation-webhook</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">namespace</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ingress-nginx</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">admission</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">443</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">protocol</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">TCP</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">targetPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">8080</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">selector</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">nginx-ingress</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">component</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">controller</span>
|
|
<span class="nn">---</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ValidatingWebhookConfiguration</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">check-ingress</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">webhooks</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">validate.nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">apiGroups</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">networking.k8s.io/v1beta1</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersions</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1beta1</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">operations</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">CREATE</span>
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">UPDATE</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">resources</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ingresses</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">failurePolicy</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Fail</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">clientConfig</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">service</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">namespace</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ingress-nginx</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ingress-validation-webhook</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/networking.k8s.io/v1beta1/ingress</span>
|
|
<span class="nt">caBundle</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"><pem encoded ca cert that signs the server cert used by the webhook></span>
|
|
</code></pre></div>
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