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Update images docs
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Ciprian Hacman
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# Images
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The default images for Kops clusters are based on Debian 9 (Stretch). These images are built by the [kubernetes-sigs/image-builder](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/image-builder/tree/master/images/kube-deploy/imagebuilder) project for each Kubernetes release and are available for any other use under the `kope.io` account.
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Starting Kubernetes 1.18, the default images used by Kops are the **[official Ubuntu 20.04](#ubuntu-2004-focal)** images.
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You can choose a different image for an instance group by editing it with `kops edit ig nodes`. You should see an `image` field in one of the following formats:
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* `ami-abcdef` - specifies an AMI by id directly
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* `<owner>/<name>` specifies an AMI by its owner's account ID and name properties
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* `<alias>/<name>` specifies an AMI by its owner's alias and name properties
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* `<alias>/<name>` specifies an AMI by its [owner's alias](#owner-aliases) and name properties
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Using the AMI id is precise, but ids vary by region. It is often more convenient to use the `<owner/alias>/<name>`, if equivalent images have been copied to various regions with the same name.
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Kops supports owner aliases for the official accounts of supported distros:
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* `kope.io` => `383156758163`
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* `amazon` => `137112412989`
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* `centos` => `679593333241`
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* `debian9` => `379101102735`
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* `debian10` => `136693071363`
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* `flatcar` => `075585003325`
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* `redhat` => `309956199498`
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* `ubuntu` => `099720109477`
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For example, to use Ubuntu 20.04, you could specify:
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Using the AMI id is precise, but ids vary by region. It is often more convenient to use the `<owner/alias>/<name>`, if equivalent images have been copied to various regions with the same name.
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```yaml
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image: ami-00579fbb15b954340
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```
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or
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```yaml
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image: 099720109477/ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-server-20200423
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```
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or
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```yaml
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image: ubuntu/ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-server-20200423
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```
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@ -43,7 +20,16 @@ You can find the name for an image using:
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`aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --image-id ami-00579fbb15b954340`
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## Distro Support
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## Security Updates
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Automated security updates are handled by Kops for Debian, Flatcar and Ubuntu distros. This can be disabled by editing the cluster configuration:
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```yaml
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spec:
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updatePolicy: external
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```
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## Distros Support Matrix
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The following table provides the support status for various distros with regards to Kops version:
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@ -57,14 +43,16 @@ The following table provides the support status for various distros with regards
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| [Debian 9](#debian-9-stretch) | 1.8 | 1.10 | - | - |
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| [Debian 10](#debian-10-buster) | 1.13 | 1.17 | - | - |
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| [Flatcar](#flatcar) | 1.15.1 | 1.17 | - | - |
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| [Kope.io](#kope-io) | - | - | - | 1.18 |
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| [Kope.io](#kopeio) | - | - | 1.18 | - |
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| [RHEL 7](#rhel-7) | - | 1.5 | - | - |
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| [RHEL 8](#rhel-8) | 1.15 | 1.18 | - | - |
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| [Ubuntu 16.04](#ubuntu-1604-xenial) | 1.5 | 1.10 | 1.17 | 1.20 |
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| [Ubuntu 18.04](#ubuntu-1804-bionic) | 1.10 | 1.16 | - | - |
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| [Ubuntu 20.04](#ubuntu-2004-focal) | 1.16.2 | 1.18 | - | - |
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## Amazon Linux 2
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## Supported Distros
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### Amazon Linux 2
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Amazon Linux 2 is based on Kernel version **4.14** which fixes some of the bugs present in RHEL/CentOS 7 and effects are less visible, but it's still quite old.
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@ -79,7 +67,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=amzn2-ami-hvm-2*-x86_64-gp2"
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```
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## CentOS 7
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### CentOS 7
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CentOS 7 is based on Kernel version **3.10** which has a considerable number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed in production clusters:
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@ -97,15 +85,17 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=product-code,Values=aw0evgkw8e5c1q413zgy5pjce" "Name=name,Values=CentOS*"
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```
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## CentOS 8
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### CentOS 8
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The CentOS Project doesn't provide any official images in AWS at the moment.
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Please [report](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/issues/new/choose) any changes.
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## Debian 9 (Stretch)
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### Debian 9 (Stretch)
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Debian 9 is based on Kernel version **4.9** which has number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed with larger clusters:
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This release is **EOL**, which means that the Debian Security Team no longer handles security fixes. That is now the responsibility/purview of the LTS team, which is a group of volunteers who are paid by donations to Debian LTS.
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* [kubernetes/kubernetes#56903](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/56903)
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* [kubernetes/kubernetes#67577](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/67577)
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@ -118,7 +108,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=debian-stretch-hvm-x86_64-gp2-*"
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```
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## Debian 10 (Buster)
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### Debian 10 (Buster)
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Debian 10 is based on Kernel version **4.19** which fixes some of the bugs present in Debian 9 and effects are less visible.
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@ -145,7 +135,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=debian-10-amd64-*"
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```
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## Flatcar
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### Flatcar
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Flatcar is a friendly fork of CoreOS and as such, compatible with it.
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@ -158,9 +148,9 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=Flatcar-stable-*-hvm"
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```
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## Kope.io
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### Kope.io
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The default images from `kope.io` are based on Debian 9 (Stretch). These images include all the necessary files and packages to run Kubernetes, making node startup faster. Other than that, the changes to the official Debian images are [minimal](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/image-builder/tree/master/images/kube-deploy/imagebuilder/templates).
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The images from _kope.io_ are based on [Debian 9 (Stretch)](#debian-9-stretch). These images include all the necessary files and packages to run Kubernetes, making node startup faster. Other than that, the changes to the official Debian images are [minimal](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/image-builder/blob/master/images/kube-deploy/imagebuilder/templates/1.18-stretch.yml#L174-L198).
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The latest image names are kept in the [stable channel manifest](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/master/channels/stable), but all available images can be listed using:
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@ -171,7 +161,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=*-debian-stretch-*"
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```
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## RHEL 7
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### RHEL 7
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RHEL 7 is based on Kernel version **3.10** which has a considerable number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed in production clusters:
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@ -187,7 +177,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=RHEL-7.*x86_64*"
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```
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## RHEL 8
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### RHEL 8
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RHEL 8 is based on Kernel version **4.18** which fixes some of the bugs present in RHEL/CentOS 7 and effects are less visible.
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@ -202,7 +192,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=RHEL-8.*x86_64*"
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```
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## Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic)
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### Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic)
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Ubuntu 18.04 is based on Kernel version **4.15** which has number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed with larger clusters:
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@ -218,7 +208,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-bionic-18.04-amd64-*"
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```
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## Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal)
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### Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal)
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Ubuntu 20.04 is based on Kernel version **5.4** which fixes all the known major Kernel bugs.
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@ -231,16 +221,31 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
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--filters "Name=name,Values=ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-*"
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```
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## CoreOS
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## Deprecated Distros
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Support for CoreOS is deprecated and will be removed in Kops 1.18.
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### CoreOS
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Support for CoreOS is deprecated and was removed in Kops 1.18.
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You should consider using [Flatcar](#flatcar) as a replacement.
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## Debian 8 (Jessie)
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### Debian 8 (Jessie)
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Support for Debian 8 (Jessie) is deprecated and will be removed in Kops 1.18.
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Support for Debian 8 (Jessie) is deprecated and was removed in Kops 1.18.
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## Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial)
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### Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial)
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Support for Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) is deprecated and will be removed in Kops 1.20.
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## Owner aliases
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Kops supports owner aliases for the official accounts of supported distros:
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* `kope.io` => `383156758163`
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* `amazon` => `137112412989`
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* `centos` => `679593333241`
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* `debian9` => `379101102735`
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* `debian10` => `136693071363`
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* `flatcar` => `075585003325`
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* `redhat` => `309956199498`
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* `ubuntu` => `099720109477`
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