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Update images docs

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Ciprian Hacman 2020-08-12 09:48:04 +03:00
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docs/operations/images.md
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# Images # Images
The default images for Kops clusters are based on Debian 9 (Stretch). These images are built by the [kubernetes-sigs/image-builder](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/image-builder/tree/master/images/kube-deploy/imagebuilder) project for each Kubernetes release and are available for any other use under the `kope.io` account. Starting Kubernetes 1.18, the default images used by Kops are the **[official Ubuntu 20.04](#ubuntu-2004-focal)** images.
You can choose a different image for an instance group by editing it with `kops edit ig nodes`. You should see an `image` field in one of the following formats: You can choose a different image for an instance group by editing it with `kops edit ig nodes`. You should see an `image` field in one of the following formats:
* `ami-abcdef` - specifies an AMI by id directly * `ami-abcdef` - specifies an AMI by id directly
* `<owner>/<name>` specifies an AMI by its owner's account ID and name properties * `<owner>/<name>` specifies an AMI by its owner's account ID and name properties
* `<alias>/<name>` specifies an AMI by its owner's alias and name properties * `<alias>/<name>` specifies an AMI by its [owner's alias](#owner-aliases) and name properties
Using the AMI id is precise, but ids vary by region. It is often more convenient to use the `<owner/alias>/<name>`, if equivalent images have been copied to various regions with the same name. Using the AMI id is precise, but ids vary by region. It is often more convenient to use the `<owner/alias>/<name>`, if equivalent images have been copied to various regions with the same name.
Kops supports owner aliases for the official accounts of supported distros:
* `kope.io` => `383156758163`
* `amazon` => `137112412989`
* `centos` => `679593333241`
* `debian9` => `379101102735`
* `debian10` => `136693071363`
* `flatcar` => `075585003325`
* `redhat` => `309956199498`
* `ubuntu` => `099720109477`
For example, to use Ubuntu 20.04, you could specify:
```yaml ```yaml
image: ami-00579fbb15b954340 image: ami-00579fbb15b954340
```
or
```yaml
image: 099720109477/ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-server-20200423 image: 099720109477/ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-server-20200423
```
or
```yaml
image: ubuntu/ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-server-20200423 image: ubuntu/ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-server-20200423
``` ```
@ -43,7 +20,16 @@ You can find the name for an image using:
`aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --image-id ami-00579fbb15b954340` `aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --image-id ami-00579fbb15b954340`
## Distro Support ## Security Updates
Automated security updates are handled by Kops for Debian, Flatcar and Ubuntu distros. This can be disabled by editing the cluster configuration:
```yaml
spec:
updatePolicy: external
```
## Distros Support Matrix
The following table provides the support status for various distros with regards to Kops version: The following table provides the support status for various distros with regards to Kops version:
@ -57,14 +43,16 @@ The following table provides the support status for various distros with regards
| [Debian 9](#debian-9-stretch) | 1.8 | 1.10 | - | - | | [Debian 9](#debian-9-stretch) | 1.8 | 1.10 | - | - |
| [Debian 10](#debian-10-buster) | 1.13 | 1.17 | - | - | | [Debian 10](#debian-10-buster) | 1.13 | 1.17 | - | - |
| [Flatcar](#flatcar) | 1.15.1 | 1.17 | - | - | | [Flatcar](#flatcar) | 1.15.1 | 1.17 | - | - |
| [Kope.io](#kope-io) | - | - | - | 1.18 | | [Kope.io](#kopeio) | - | - | 1.18 | - |
| [RHEL 7](#rhel-7) | - | 1.5 | - | - | | [RHEL 7](#rhel-7) | - | 1.5 | - | - |
| [RHEL 8](#rhel-8) | 1.15 | 1.18 | - | - | | [RHEL 8](#rhel-8) | 1.15 | 1.18 | - | - |
| [Ubuntu 16.04](#ubuntu-1604-xenial) | 1.5 | 1.10 | 1.17 | 1.20 | | [Ubuntu 16.04](#ubuntu-1604-xenial) | 1.5 | 1.10 | 1.17 | 1.20 |
| [Ubuntu 18.04](#ubuntu-1804-bionic) | 1.10 | 1.16 | - | - | | [Ubuntu 18.04](#ubuntu-1804-bionic) | 1.10 | 1.16 | - | - |
| [Ubuntu 20.04](#ubuntu-2004-focal) | 1.16.2 | 1.18 | - | - | | [Ubuntu 20.04](#ubuntu-2004-focal) | 1.16.2 | 1.18 | - | - |
## Amazon Linux 2 ## Supported Distros
### Amazon Linux 2
Amazon Linux 2 is based on Kernel version **4.14** which fixes some of the bugs present in RHEL/CentOS 7 and effects are less visible, but it's still quite old. Amazon Linux 2 is based on Kernel version **4.14** which fixes some of the bugs present in RHEL/CentOS 7 and effects are less visible, but it's still quite old.
@ -79,7 +67,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=amzn2-ami-hvm-2*-x86_64-gp2" --filters "Name=name,Values=amzn2-ami-hvm-2*-x86_64-gp2"
``` ```
## CentOS 7 ### CentOS 7
CentOS 7 is based on Kernel version **3.10** which has a considerable number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed in production clusters: CentOS 7 is based on Kernel version **3.10** which has a considerable number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed in production clusters:
@ -97,15 +85,17 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=product-code,Values=aw0evgkw8e5c1q413zgy5pjce" "Name=name,Values=CentOS*" --filters "Name=product-code,Values=aw0evgkw8e5c1q413zgy5pjce" "Name=name,Values=CentOS*"
``` ```
## CentOS 8 ### CentOS 8
The CentOS Project doesn't provide any official images in AWS at the moment. The CentOS Project doesn't provide any official images in AWS at the moment.
Please [report](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/issues/new/choose) any changes. Please [report](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/issues/new/choose) any changes.
## Debian 9 (Stretch) ### Debian 9 (Stretch)
Debian 9 is based on Kernel version **4.9** which has number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed with larger clusters: Debian 9 is based on Kernel version **4.9** which has number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed with larger clusters:
This release is **EOL**, which means that the Debian Security Team no longer handles security fixes. That is now the responsibility/purview of the LTS team, which is a group of volunteers who are paid by donations to Debian LTS.
* [kubernetes/kubernetes#56903](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/56903) * [kubernetes/kubernetes#56903](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/56903)
* [kubernetes/kubernetes#67577](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/67577) * [kubernetes/kubernetes#67577](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/67577)
@ -118,7 +108,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=debian-stretch-hvm-x86_64-gp2-*" --filters "Name=name,Values=debian-stretch-hvm-x86_64-gp2-*"
``` ```
## Debian 10 (Buster) ### Debian 10 (Buster)
Debian 10 is based on Kernel version **4.19** which fixes some of the bugs present in Debian 9 and effects are less visible. Debian 10 is based on Kernel version **4.19** which fixes some of the bugs present in Debian 9 and effects are less visible.
@ -145,7 +135,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=debian-10-amd64-*" --filters "Name=name,Values=debian-10-amd64-*"
``` ```
## Flatcar ### Flatcar
Flatcar is a friendly fork of CoreOS and as such, compatible with it. Flatcar is a friendly fork of CoreOS and as such, compatible with it.
@ -158,9 +148,9 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=Flatcar-stable-*-hvm" --filters "Name=name,Values=Flatcar-stable-*-hvm"
``` ```
## Kope.io ### Kope.io
The default images from `kope.io` are based on Debian 9 (Stretch). These images include all the necessary files and packages to run Kubernetes, making node startup faster. Other than that, the changes to the official Debian images are [minimal](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/image-builder/tree/master/images/kube-deploy/imagebuilder/templates). The images from _kope.io_ are based on [Debian 9 (Stretch)](#debian-9-stretch). These images include all the necessary files and packages to run Kubernetes, making node startup faster. Other than that, the changes to the official Debian images are [minimal](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/image-builder/blob/master/images/kube-deploy/imagebuilder/templates/1.18-stretch.yml#L174-L198).
The latest image names are kept in the [stable channel manifest](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/master/channels/stable), but all available images can be listed using: The latest image names are kept in the [stable channel manifest](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/master/channels/stable), but all available images can be listed using:
@ -171,7 +161,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=*-debian-stretch-*" --filters "Name=name,Values=*-debian-stretch-*"
``` ```
## RHEL 7 ### RHEL 7
RHEL 7 is based on Kernel version **3.10** which has a considerable number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed in production clusters: RHEL 7 is based on Kernel version **3.10** which has a considerable number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed in production clusters:
@ -187,7 +177,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=RHEL-7.*x86_64*" --filters "Name=name,Values=RHEL-7.*x86_64*"
``` ```
## RHEL 8 ### RHEL 8
RHEL 8 is based on Kernel version **4.18** which fixes some of the bugs present in RHEL/CentOS 7 and effects are less visible. RHEL 8 is based on Kernel version **4.18** which fixes some of the bugs present in RHEL/CentOS 7 and effects are less visible.
@ -202,7 +192,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=RHEL-8.*x86_64*" --filters "Name=name,Values=RHEL-8.*x86_64*"
``` ```
## Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic) ### Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic)
Ubuntu 18.04 is based on Kernel version **4.15** which has number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed with larger clusters: Ubuntu 18.04 is based on Kernel version **4.15** which has number of known bugs that affect it and may be noticed with larger clusters:
@ -218,7 +208,7 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-bionic-18.04-amd64-*" --filters "Name=name,Values=ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-bionic-18.04-amd64-*"
``` ```
## Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal) ### Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal)
Ubuntu 20.04 is based on Kernel version **5.4** which fixes all the known major Kernel bugs. Ubuntu 20.04 is based on Kernel version **5.4** which fixes all the known major Kernel bugs.
@ -231,16 +221,31 @@ aws ec2 describe-images --region us-east-1 --output table \
--filters "Name=name,Values=ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-*" --filters "Name=name,Values=ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-focal-20.04-amd64-*"
``` ```
## CoreOS ## Deprecated Distros
Support for CoreOS is deprecated and will be removed in Kops 1.18. ### CoreOS
Support for CoreOS is deprecated and was removed in Kops 1.18.
You should consider using [Flatcar](#flatcar) as a replacement. You should consider using [Flatcar](#flatcar) as a replacement.
## Debian 8 (Jessie) ### Debian 8 (Jessie)
Support for Debian 8 (Jessie) is deprecated and will be removed in Kops 1.18. Support for Debian 8 (Jessie) is deprecated and was removed in Kops 1.18.
## Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) ### Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial)
Support for Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) is deprecated and will be removed in Kops 1.20. Support for Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) is deprecated and will be removed in Kops 1.20.
## Owner aliases
Kops supports owner aliases for the official accounts of supported distros:
* `kope.io` => `383156758163`
* `amazon` => `137112412989`
* `centos` => `679593333241`
* `debian9` => `379101102735`
* `debian10` => `136693071363`
* `flatcar` => `075585003325`
* `redhat` => `309956199498`
* `ubuntu` => `099720109477`