hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/java/chapter_tree/array_binary_tree.java

137 lines
3.9 KiB
Java
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

/**
* File: array_binary_tree.java
* Created Time: 2023-07-19
* Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
*/
package chapter_tree;
import utils.*;
import java.util.*;
/* 陣列表示下的二元樹類別 */
class ArrayBinaryTree {
private List<Integer> tree;
/* 建構子 */
public ArrayBinaryTree(List<Integer> arr) {
tree = new ArrayList<>(arr);
}
/* 串列容量 */
public int size() {
return tree.size();
}
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的值 */
public Integer val(int i) {
// 若索引越界,則返回 null ,代表空位
if (i < 0 || i >= size())
return null;
return tree.get(i);
}
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的左子節點的索引 */
public Integer left(int i) {
return 2 * i + 1;
}
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的右子節點的索引 */
public Integer right(int i) {
return 2 * i + 2;
}
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的父節點的索引 */
public Integer parent(int i) {
return (i - 1) / 2;
}
/* 層序走訪 */
public List<Integer> levelOrder() {
List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
// 直接走訪陣列
for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++) {
if (val(i) != null)
res.add(val(i));
}
return res;
}
/* 深度優先走訪 */
private void dfs(Integer i, String order, List<Integer> res) {
// 若為空位,則返回
if (val(i) == null)
return;
// 前序走訪
if ("pre".equals(order))
res.add(val(i));
dfs(left(i), order, res);
// 中序走訪
if ("in".equals(order))
res.add(val(i));
dfs(right(i), order, res);
// 後序走訪
if ("post".equals(order))
res.add(val(i));
}
/* 前序走訪 */
public List<Integer> preOrder() {
List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
dfs(0, "pre", res);
return res;
}
/* 中序走訪 */
public List<Integer> inOrder() {
List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
dfs(0, "in", res);
return res;
}
/* 後序走訪 */
public List<Integer> postOrder() {
List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
dfs(0, "post", res);
return res;
}
}
public class array_binary_tree {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 初始化二元樹
// 這裡藉助了一個從陣列直接生成二元樹的函式
List<Integer> arr = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15);
TreeNode root = TreeNode.listToTree(arr);
System.out.println("\n初始化二元樹\n");
System.out.println("二元樹的陣列表示:");
System.out.println(arr);
System.out.println("二元樹的鏈結串列表示:");
PrintUtil.printTree(root);
// 陣列表示下的二元樹類別
ArrayBinaryTree abt = new ArrayBinaryTree(arr);
// 訪問節點
int i = 1;
Integer l = abt.left(i);
Integer r = abt.right(i);
Integer p = abt.parent(i);
System.out.println("\n當前節點的索引為 " + i + " ,值為 " + abt.val(i));
System.out.println("其左子節點的索引為 " + l + " ,值為 " + (l == null ? "null" : abt.val(l)));
System.out.println("其右子節點的索引為 " + r + " ,值為 " + (r == null ? "null" : abt.val(r)));
System.out.println("其父節點的索引為 " + p + " ,值為 " + (p == null ? "null" : abt.val(p)));
// 走訪樹
List<Integer> res = abt.levelOrder();
System.out.println("\n層序走訪為" + res);
res = abt.preOrder();
System.out.println("前序走訪為:" + res);
res = abt.inOrder();
System.out.println("中序走訪為:" + res);
res = abt.postOrder();
System.out.println("後序走訪為:" + res);
}
}