var linux_commands=[{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},{"n":"column","p":"/column","d":"按列格式化输出文件"},{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},{"n":"createrepo","p":"/createrepo","d":"创建YUM仓库"},{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},{"n":"docker","p":"/docker","d":"容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行"},{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},{"n":"figlet","p":"/figlet","d":"字符串转为 “字画符”。"},{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},{"n":"getfacl","p":"/getfacl","d":"获取文件访问控制列表(access control lists)"},{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},{"n":"gpg","p":"/gpg","d":"可用于签名、检查、加密或解密的工具"},{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},{"n":"hcitool","p":"/hcitool","d":"hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，用于管理和调试蓝牙设备。它可以用于扫描周围的蓝牙设备、连接到蓝牙设备发送命令和数据包等。"},{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},{"n":"iscsiadm","p":"/iscsiadm","d":"管理iSCSI连接"},{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},{"n":"modetest","p":"/modetest","d":"DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具"},{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},{"n":"mtr","p":"/mtr","d":"`mtr` 结合了 `traceroute` 和 `ping` 程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具"},{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},{"n":"nstat","p":"/nstat","d":"nstat 是一个简单的监视内核的 SNMP 计数器和网络接口状态的实用工具。"},{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)"},{"n":"ping6","p":"/ping6","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)"},{"n":"pip","p":"/pip","d":"Python 编程语言中的包管理器，用于安装和管理第三方 Python 模块"},{"n":"pkexec","p":"/pkexec","d":"以其他用户身份执行命令"},{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},{"n":"prtstat","p":"/prtstat","d":"显示进程信息"},{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},{"n":"reposync","p":"/reposync","d":"同步yum存储库到本地目录"},{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},{"n":"sha256sum","p":"/sha256sum","d":"用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值"},{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},{"n":"sshpass","p":"/sshpass","d":"免交互 SSH 登录工具。"},{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},{"n":"ufw","p":"/ufw","d":"  ubuntu防火墙管理工具"},{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}]