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|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="search">
|
||
<ul class="search-list" id="result">
|
||
<!-- <li><a href="#"><strong>find</strong> - 指定目录下查找文件。</a></li> -->
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<input type="text" class="query" id="query" autocomplete="off" autofocus="autofocus" placeholder="Linux 命令搜索"/>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/copy-to-clipboard.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
<span class="split"></span>
|
||
<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/edit/master/command/vi.md">添加实例</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
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} markdown-style [type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button, markdown-style [type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration { -webkit-appearance: none; } markdown-style ::-webkit-input-placeholder { color: inherit; opacity: .54; } markdown-style ::-webkit-file-upload-button { -webkit-appearance: button; font: inherit; } markdown-style a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } markdown-style hr::before { display: table; content: ""; } markdown-style hr::after { display: table; clear: both; content: ""; } markdown-style table { border-spacing: 0; border-collapse: collapse; display: block; width: max-content; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; } markdown-style td, markdown-style th { padding: 0; } markdown-style details summary { cursor: pointer; } markdown-style details:not([open])>*:not(summary) { display: none !important; } markdown-style kbd { display: inline-block; padding: 3px 5px; font: 11px ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; line-height: 10px; color: var(--color-fg-default); vertical-align: middle; background-color: var(--color-canvas-subtle); border: solid 1px var(--color-neutral-muted); border-bottom-color: var(--color-neutral-muted); border-radius: 6px; box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 var(--color-neutral-muted); } markdown-style h1, markdown-style h2, markdown-style h3, markdown-style h4, markdown-style h5, markdown-style h6 { margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 16px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.25; } markdown-style h2 { font-weight: 600; padding-bottom: .3em; font-size: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-muted); } markdown-style h3 { font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.25em; } markdown-style h4 { font-weight: 600; font-size: 1em; } markdown-style h5 { font-weight: 600; font-size: .875em; } markdown-style h6 { font-weight: 600; font-size: .85em; color: var(--color-fg-muted); } markdown-style p { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10px; } markdown-style blockquote { margin: 0; padding: 0 1em; color: var(--color-fg-muted); border-left: .25em solid var(--color-border-default); } markdown-style ul, markdown-style ol { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 2em; } markdown-style ol ol, markdown-style ul ol { list-style-type: lower-roman; } markdown-style ul ul ol, markdown-style ul ol ol, markdown-style ol ul ol, markdown-style ol ol ol { list-style-type: lower-alpha; } markdown-style dd { margin-left: 0; } markdown-style tt, markdown-style code { font-family: ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; font-size: 12px; } markdown-style pre { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; font-family: ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; font-size: 12px; word-wrap: normal; } markdown-style .octicon { display: inline-block; overflow: visible !important; vertical-align: text-bottom; fill: currentColor; } markdown-style ::placeholder { color: var(--color-fg-subtle); opacity: 1; } markdown-style input::-webkit-outer-spin-button, markdown-style input::-webkit-inner-spin-button { margin: 0; -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; }
|
||
markdown-style .token.comment, markdown-style .token.prolog, markdown-style .token.doctype, markdown-style .token.cdata { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-comment); } markdown-style .token.namespace { opacity: 0.7; } markdown-style .token.tag, markdown-style .token.selector, markdown-style .token.constant, markdown-style .token.symbol, markdown-style .token.deleted { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-entity-tag); } markdown-style .token.maybe-class-name { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-variable); } markdown-style .token.property-access, markdown-style .token.operator, markdown-style .token.boolean, markdown-style .token.number, markdown-style .token.selector markdown-style .token.class, markdown-style .token.attr-name, markdown-style .token.string, markdown-style .token.char, markdown-style .token.builtin { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant); } markdown-style .token.deleted { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-text); } markdown-style .token.property { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant); } markdown-style .token.punctuation { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-bold); } markdown-style .token.function { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-entity); } markdown-style .code-line .token.deleted { background-color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-bg); } markdown-style .token.inserted { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-text); } markdown-style .code-line .token.inserted { background-color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-bg); } markdown-style .token.variable { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant); } markdown-style .token.entity, markdown-style .token.url, .language-css markdown-style .token.string, .style markdown-style .token.string { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-string); } markdown-style .token.color, markdown-style .token.atrule, markdown-style .token.attr-value, markdown-style .token.function, markdown-style .token.class-name { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-string); } markdown-style .token.rule, markdown-style .token.regex, markdown-style .token.important, markdown-style .token.keyword { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-keyword); } markdown-style .token.coord { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-meta-diff-range); } markdown-style .token.important, markdown-style .token.bold { font-weight: bold; } markdown-style .token.italic { font-style: italic; } markdown-style .token.entity { cursor: help; }
|
||
markdown-style [data-catalyst] { display: block; } markdown-style g-emoji { font-family: "Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 1em; font-style: normal !important; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; vertical-align: -0.075em; } markdown-style g-emoji img { width: 1em; height: 1em; } markdown-style::before { display: table; content: ""; } markdown-style::after { display: table; clear: both; content: ""; } markdown-style>*:first-child { margin-top: 0 !important; } markdown-style>*:last-child { margin-bottom: 0 !important; } markdown-style a:not([href]) { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; } markdown-style .absent { color: var(--color-danger-fg); } markdown-style a.anchor { float: left; padding-right: 4px; margin-left: -20px; line-height: 1; } markdown-style a.anchor:focus { outline: none; } markdown-style p, markdown-style blockquote, markdown-style ul, markdown-style ol, markdown-style dl, markdown-style table, markdown-style pre, markdown-style details { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 16px; } markdown-style blockquote>:first-child { margin-top: 0; } markdown-style blockquote>:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } markdown-style sup>a::before { content: "["; } markdown-style sup>a::after { content: "]"; }
|
||
markdown-style .octicon-video { border: 1px solid #d0d7de !important; border-radius: 6px !important; display: block; } markdown-style .octicon-video summary { border-bottom: 1px solid #d0d7de !important; padding: 8px 16px !important; cursor: pointer; } markdown-style .octicon-video > video { display: block !important; max-width: 100% !important; padding: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-right-radius: 6px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 6px !important; } markdown-style details.octicon-video:not([open])>*:not(summary) { display: none !important; } markdown-style details.octicon-video:not([open]) > summary { border-bottom: 0 !important; } markdown-style h1 .octicon-link, markdown-style h2 .octicon-link, markdown-style h3 .octicon-link, markdown-style h4 .octicon-link, markdown-style h5 .octicon-link, markdown-style h6 .octicon-link { color: var(--color-fg-default); vertical-align: middle; visibility: hidden; } markdown-style h1:hover .anchor, markdown-style h2:hover .anchor, markdown-style h3:hover .anchor, markdown-style h4:hover .anchor, markdown-style h5:hover .anchor, markdown-style h6:hover .anchor { text-decoration: none; } markdown-style h1:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h2:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h3:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h4:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h5:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h6:hover .anchor .octicon-link { visibility: visible; } markdown-style h1 tt, markdown-style h1 code, markdown-style h2 tt, markdown-style h2 code, markdown-style h3 tt, markdown-style h3 code, markdown-style h4 tt, markdown-style h4 code, markdown-style h5 tt, markdown-style h5 code, markdown-style h6 tt, markdown-style h6 code { padding: 0 .2em; font-size: inherit; } markdown-style ul.no-list, markdown-style ol.no-list { padding: 0; list-style-type: none; } markdown-style ol[type="1"] { list-style-type: decimal; } markdown-style ol[type=a] { list-style-type: lower-alpha; } markdown-style ol[type=i] { list-style-type: lower-roman; } markdown-style div>ol:not([type]) { list-style-type: decimal; } markdown-style ul ul, markdown-style ul ol, markdown-style ol ol, markdown-style ol ul { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; } markdown-style li>p { margin-top: 16px; } markdown-style li+li { margin-top: .25em; } markdown-style dl { padding: 0; } markdown-style dl dt { padding: 0; margin-top: 16px; font-size: 1em; font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; } markdown-style dl dd { padding: 0 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; } markdown-style table th { font-weight: 600; } markdown-style table th, markdown-style table td { padding: 6px 13px; border: 1px solid var(--color-border-default); } markdown-style table tr { background-color: var(--color-canvas-default); border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-muted); } markdown-style table tr:nth-child(2n) { background-color: var(--color-canvas-subtle); } markdown-style table img { background-color: transparent; vertical-align: middle; } markdown-style img[align=right] { padding-left: 20px; } markdown-style img[align=left] { padding-right: 20px; } markdown-style .emoji { max-width: none; vertical-align: text-top; background-color: transparent; } markdown-style span.frame { display: block; overflow: hidden; } markdown-style span.frame>span { display: block; float: left; width: auto; padding: 7px; margin: 13px 0 0; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--color-border-default); } markdown-style span.frame span img { display: block; float: left; } markdown-style span.frame span span { display: block; padding: 5px 0 0; clear: both; color: var(--color-fg-default); } markdown-style span.align-center { display: block; overflow: hidden; clear: both; } markdown-style span.align-center>span { display: block; margin: 13px auto 0; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; } markdown-style span.align-center span img { margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; } markdown-style span.align-right { display: block; overflow: hidden; clear: both; } markdown-style span.align-right>span { display: block; margin: 13px 0 0; overflow: hidden; text-align: right; } markdown-style span.align-right span img { margin: 0; text-align: right; } markdown-style span.float-left { display: block; float: left; margin-right: 13px; overflow: hidden; } markdown-style span.float-left span { margin: 13px 0 0; } markdown-style span.float-right { display: block; float: right; margin-left: 13px; overflow: hidden; } markdown-style span.float-right>span { display: block; margin: 13px auto 0; overflow: hidden; text-align: right; } markdown-style code, markdown-style tt { padding: .2em .4em; margin: 0; font-size: 85%; background-color: var(--color-neutral-muted); border-radius: 6px; } markdown-style code br, markdown-style tt br { display: none; } markdown-style del code { text-decoration: inherit; } markdown-style pre code { font-size: 100%; } markdown-style pre>code { padding: 0; margin: 0; word-break: normal; white-space: pre; background: transparent; border: 0; } markdown-style pre { position: relative; font-size: 85%; line-height: 1.45; background-color: var(--color-canvas-subtle); border-radius: 6px; } markdown-style pre code, markdown-style pre tt { display: inline; max-width: auto; padding: 0; margin: 0; overflow: visible; line-height: inherit; word-wrap: normal; background-color: transparent; border: 0; } markdown-style pre > code { padding: 16px; overflow: auto; display: block; } markdown-style .csv-data td, markdown-style .csv-data th { padding: 5px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap; } markdown-style .csv-data .blob-num { padding: 10px 8px 9px; text-align: right; background: var(--color-canvas-default); border: 0; } markdown-style .csv-data tr { border-top: 0; } markdown-style .csv-data th { font-weight: 600; background: var(--color-canvas-subtle); border-top: 0; } markdown-style .footnotes { font-size: 12px; color: var(--color-fg-muted); border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-default); } markdown-style .footnotes ol { padding-left: 16px; } markdown-style .footnotes li { position: relative; } markdown-style .footnotes li:target::before { position: absolute; top: -8px; right: -8px; bottom: -8px; left: -24px; pointer-events: none; content: ""; border: 2px solid var(--color-accent-emphasis); border-radius: 6px; } markdown-style .footnotes li:target { color: var(--color-fg-default); } markdown-style .footnotes .data-footnote-backref g-emoji { font-family: monospace; } markdown-style .task-list-item { list-style-type: none; } markdown-style .task-list-item label { font-weight: 400; } markdown-style .task-list-item.enabled label { cursor: pointer; } markdown-style .task-list-item+.task-list-item { margin-top: 3px; } markdown-style .task-list-item .handle { display: none; } markdown-style .task-list-item-checkbox, markdown-style input[type="checkbox"] { margin: 0 .2em .25em -1.6em; vertical-align: middle; } markdown-style .contains-task-list:dir(rtl) .task-list-item-checkbox, markdown-style .contains-task-list:dir(rtl) input[type="checkbox"] { margin: 0 -1.6em .25em .2em; } markdown-style ::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator { filter: invert(50%); }
|
||
</style>
|
||
<slot></slot>
|
||
`;
|
||
class MarkdownStyle extends HTMLElement {
|
||
constructor() {
|
||
super();
|
||
this.shadow = this.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });
|
||
this.shadow.appendChild(__TEMPLATE__.content.cloneNode(true));
|
||
const style = Array.prototype.slice
|
||
.call(this.shadow.children)
|
||
.find((item) => item.tagName === 'STYLE');
|
||
if (style) {
|
||
const id = '__MARKDOWN_STYLE__';
|
||
const findStyle = document.getElementById(id);
|
||
if (!findStyle) {
|
||
style.id = id;
|
||
document.head.append(style);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
get theme() {
|
||
const value = this.getAttribute('theme');
|
||
return value === null ? '' : value;
|
||
}
|
||
set theme(name) {
|
||
this.setAttribute('theme', name);
|
||
}
|
||
connectedCallback() {
|
||
if (!this.theme) {
|
||
const { colorMode } = document.documentElement.dataset;
|
||
this.theme = colorMode;
|
||
const observer = new MutationObserver((mutationsList, observer) => {
|
||
this.theme = document.documentElement.dataset.colorMode;
|
||
});
|
||
observer.observe(document.documentElement, { attributes: true });
|
||
window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: light)').onchange = (event) => {
|
||
this.theme = event.matches ? 'light' : 'dark';
|
||
};
|
||
window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').onchange = (event) => {
|
||
this.theme = event.matches ? 'dark' : 'light';
|
||
};
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
customElements.define('markdown-style', MarkdownStyle);</script><markdown-style style="max-width: 960px; margin: 0 auto 60px auto; padding: 8px;" class="markdown-style">
|
||
<h1 id="vi"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#vi"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>vi</h1>
|
||
<p>功能强大的纯文本编辑器</p>
|
||
<h2 id="补充说明"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#补充说明"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>补充说明</h2>
|
||
<p><strong>vi命令</strong> 是UNIX操作系统和类UNIX操作系统中最通用的全屏幕纯文本编辑器。Linux中的vi编辑器叫vim，它是vi的增强版（vi Improved），与vi编辑器完全兼容，而且实现了很多增强功能。</p>
|
||
<p>vi编辑器支持编辑模式和命令模式，编辑模式下可以完成文本的编辑功能，命令模式下可以完成对文件的操作命令，要正确使用vi编辑器就必须熟练掌握着两种模式的切换。默认情况下，打开vi编辑器后自动进入命令模式。从编辑模式切换到命令模式使用“esc”键，从命令模式切换到编辑模式使用“A”、“a”、“O”、“o”、“I”、“i”键。</p>
|
||
<p>vi编辑器提供了丰富的内置命令，有些内置命令使用键盘组合键即可完成，有些内置命令则需要以冒号“：”开头输入。常用内置命令如下：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">Ctrl+u：向文件首翻半屏；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">Ctrl+d：向文件尾翻半屏；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">Ctrl+f：向文件尾翻一屏；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">Ctrl+b：向文件首翻一屏；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">Esc：从编辑模式切换到命令模式；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">ZZ：命令模式下保存当前文件所做的修改后退出vi；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">:行号：光标跳转到指定行的行首；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">:$：光标跳转到最后一行的行首；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">x或X：删除一个字符，x删除光标后的，而X删除光标前的；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">D：删除从当前光标到光标所在行尾的全部字符；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">dd：删除光标行正行内容；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">ndd：删除当前行及其后n-1行；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13">nyy：将当前行及其下n行的内容保存到寄存器？中，其中？为一个字母，n为一个数字；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14">p：粘贴文本操作，用于将缓存区的内容粘贴到当前光标所在位置的下方；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="15">P：粘贴文本操作，用于将缓存区的内容粘贴到当前光标所在位置的上方；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="16">/字符串：文本查找操作，用于从当前光标所在位置开始向文件尾部查找指定字符串的内容，查找的字符串会被加亮显示；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="17">?字符串：文本查找操作，用于从当前光标所在位置开始向文件头部查找指定字符串的内容，查找的字符串会被加亮显示；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="18">a，bs/F/T：替换文本操作，用于在第a行到第b行之间，将F字符串换成T字符串。其中，“s/”表示进行替换操作；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="19">a：在当前字符后添加文本；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="20">A：在行末添加文本；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="21">i：在当前字符前插入文本；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="22">I：在行首插入文本；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="23">o：在当前行后面插入一空行；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="24">O：在当前行前面插入一空行；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="25">:wq：在命令模式下，执行存盘退出操作；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="26">:w：在命令模式下，执行存盘操作；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="27">:w<span class="token operator">!</span>：在命令模式下，执行强制存盘操作；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="28">:q：在命令模式下，执行退出vi操作；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="29">:q<span class="token operator">!</span>：在命令模式下，执行强制退出vi操作；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="30">:e文件名：在命令模式下，打开并编辑指定名称的文件；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="31">:n：在命令模式下，如果同时打开多个文件，则继续编辑下一个文件；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="32">:f：在命令模式下，用于显示当前的文件名、光标所在行的行号以及显示比例；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="33">:set number：在命令模式下，用于在最左端显示行号；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="34">:set nonumber：在命令模式下，用于在最左端不显示行号；
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="Ctrl+u：向文件首翻半屏；
|
||
Ctrl+d：向文件尾翻半屏；
|
||
Ctrl+f：向文件尾翻一屏；
|
||
Ctrl+b：向文件首翻一屏；
|
||
Esc：从编辑模式切换到命令模式；
|
||
ZZ：命令模式下保存当前文件所做的修改后退出vi；
|
||
:行号：光标跳转到指定行的行首；
|
||
:$：光标跳转到最后一行的行首；
|
||
x或X：删除一个字符，x删除光标后的，而X删除光标前的；
|
||
D：删除从当前光标到光标所在行尾的全部字符；
|
||
dd：删除光标行正行内容；
|
||
ndd：删除当前行及其后n-1行；
|
||
nyy：将当前行及其下n行的内容保存到寄存器？中，其中？为一个字母，n为一个数字；
|
||
p：粘贴文本操作，用于将缓存区的内容粘贴到当前光标所在位置的下方；
|
||
P：粘贴文本操作，用于将缓存区的内容粘贴到当前光标所在位置的上方；
|
||
/字符串：文本查找操作，用于从当前光标所在位置开始向文件尾部查找指定字符串的内容，查找的字符串会被加亮显示；
|
||
?字符串：文本查找操作，用于从当前光标所在位置开始向文件头部查找指定字符串的内容，查找的字符串会被加亮显示；
|
||
a，bs/F/T：替换文本操作，用于在第a行到第b行之间，将F字符串换成T字符串。其中，“s/”表示进行替换操作；
|
||
a：在当前字符后添加文本；
|
||
A：在行末添加文本；
|
||
i：在当前字符前插入文本；
|
||
I：在行首插入文本；
|
||
o：在当前行后面插入一空行；
|
||
O：在当前行前面插入一空行；
|
||
:wq：在命令模式下，执行存盘退出操作；
|
||
:w：在命令模式下，执行存盘操作；
|
||
:w!：在命令模式下，执行强制存盘操作；
|
||
:q：在命令模式下，执行退出vi操作；
|
||
:q!：在命令模式下，执行强制退出vi操作；
|
||
:e文件名：在命令模式下，打开并编辑指定名称的文件；
|
||
:n：在命令模式下，如果同时打开多个文件，则继续编辑下一个文件；
|
||
:f：在命令模式下，用于显示当前的文件名、光标所在行的行号以及显示比例；
|
||
:set number：在命令模式下，用于在最左端显示行号；
|
||
:set nonumber：在命令模式下，用于在最左端不显示行号；
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="语法"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#语法"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>语法</h3>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">vi<span class="token punctuation">(</span>选项<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>参数<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="vi(选项)(参数)
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="选项"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选项"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>选项</h3>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">+<span class="token operator"><</span>行号<span class="token operator">></span>：从指定行号的行开始显示文本内容；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">-b：以二进制模式打开文件，用于编辑二进制文件和可执行文件；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">-c<span class="token operator"><</span>指令<span class="token operator">></span>：在完成对第一个文件编辑任务后，执行给出的指令；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">-d：以diff模式打开文件，当多个文件编辑时，显示文件差异部分；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">-l：使用lisp模式，打开“lisp”和“showmatch”；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">-m：取消写文件功能，重设“write”选项；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">-M：关闭修改功能；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">-n：不实用缓存功能；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">-o<span class="token operator"><</span>文件数目<span class="token operator">></span>：指定同时打开指定数目的文件；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">-R：以只读方式打开文件；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">-s：安静模式，不显示指令的任何错误信息。
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="+<行号>：从指定行号的行开始显示文本内容；
|
||
-b：以二进制模式打开文件，用于编辑二进制文件和可执行文件；
|
||
-c<指令>：在完成对第一个文件编辑任务后，执行给出的指令；
|
||
-d：以diff模式打开文件，当多个文件编辑时，显示文件差异部分；
|
||
-l：使用lisp模式，打开“lisp”和“showmatch”；
|
||
-m：取消写文件功能，重设“write”选项；
|
||
-M：关闭修改功能；
|
||
-n：不实用缓存功能；
|
||
-o<文件数目>：指定同时打开指定数目的文件；
|
||
-R：以只读方式打开文件；
|
||
-s：安静模式，不显示指令的任何错误信息。
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="参数"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#参数"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>参数</h3>
|
||
<p>文件列表：指定要编辑的文件列表。多个文件之间使用空格分隔开。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="知识扩展"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#知识扩展"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>知识扩展</h2>
|
||
<p>vi编辑器有三种工作方式：命令方式、输入方式和ex转义方式。通过相应的命令或操作，在这三种工作方式之间可以进行转换。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>命令方式</strong></p>
|
||
<p>在Shell提示符后输入命令vi，进入vi编辑器，并处于vi的命令方式。此时，从键盘上输入的任何字符都被作为编辑命令来解释，例如，a(append）表示附加命令，i(insert）表示插入命令，x表示删除字符命令等。如果输入的字符不是vi的合法命令，则机器发出“报警声”，光标不移动。另外，在命令方式下输入的字符（即vi命令）并不在屏幕上显示出来，例如，输入i，屏幕上并无变化，但通过执行i命令，编辑器的工作方式却发生变化：由命令方式变为输入方式。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>输入方式</strong></p>
|
||
<p>通过输入vi的插入命令（i）、附加命令（a）、打开命令（o）、替换命令（s）、修改命令(c）或取代命令（r）可以从命令方式进入输入方式。在输入方式下，从键盘上输入的所有字符都被插入到正在编辑的缓冲区中，被当做该文件的正文。进入输入方式后，输入的可见字符都在屏幕上显示出来，而编辑命令不再起作用，仅作为普通字母出现。例如，在命令方式下输入字母i，进到输入方式，然后再输入i，就在屏幕上相应光标处添加一个字母i。</p>
|
||
<p>由输入方式回到命令方式的办法是按下Esc键。如果已在命令方式下，那么按下Esc键就会发出“嘟嘟”声。为了确保用户想执行的vi命令是在命令方式下输入的，不妨多按几下Esc键，听到嘟声后再输入命令。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>ex转义方式</strong></p>
|
||
<p>vi和ex编辑器的功能是相同的，二者的主要区别是用户界面。在vi中，命令通常是单个字母，如a,x,r等。而在ex中，命令是以Enter；键结束的命令行。vi有一个专门的“转义”命令，可访问很多面向行的ex命令。为使用ex转义方式，可输入一个冒号（:）。作为ex命令提示符，冒号出现在状态行（通常在屏幕最下一行）。按下中断键（通常是Del键），可终止正在执行的命令。多数文件管理命令都是在ex转义方式下执行的（例如，读取文件，把编辑缓冲区的内容写到文件中等）。转义命令执行后，自动回到命令方式。例如：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">:1,<span class="token variable">$s</span>/I/i/g 按Enter键
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code=":1,$s/I/i/g 按Enter键
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>则从文件第一行至文件末尾（$）将大写I全部替换成小写i。vi编辑器的三种工作方式之间的转换如图所示。</p>
|
||
<p>
|
||
!vi
|
||
【查看行号】
|
||
在 vi 或 vim 编辑器中，按 Esc，然后输入：
|
||
:set number
|
||
</p>
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
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|
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