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<h1 id="bzip2"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#bzip2"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>bzip2</h1>
<p>将文件压缩成bz2格式</p>
<h2 id="补充说明"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#补充说明"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>补充说明</h2>
<p><strong>bzip2命令</strong> 用于创建和管理(包括解压缩)“.bz2”格式的压缩包。</p>
<p>bzip2 采用 Burrows-Wheeler 块排序文本压缩算法和 Huffman 编码方式压缩文件。 压缩率一般比基于 LZ77/LZ78 的压缩软件好得多,其性能接近 PPM 族统计类压缩软件。</p>
<p>命令行参数有意设计为非常接近 GNU gzip 的形式,但也不完全相同。</p>
<p>bzip2 从命令行读入文件名和参数。 每个文件被名为 "原始文件名.bz2" 的压缩文件替换。 每个压缩文件具有与原文件相同的修改时间、 权限, 如果可能的话,还具有相同的属主, 因此在解压缩时这些特性将正确地恢复。 在某些文件系统中, 没有权限、 属主或时间的概念, 或者对文件名的长度有严格限制, 例如 MSDOS在这种情况下bzip2 没有保持原文件名、 属主、 权限以及时间的机制, 从这个意义上说bzip2 对文件名的处理是幼稚的。</p>
<p>bzip2 和 bunzip2 在缺省情况下不覆盖已有的文件。 如果想覆盖已有的文件,要指定 -f 选项。</p>
<p>如果未指定文件名, bzip2 将压缩来自标准输入的数据并写往标准输出。在这种情况下, bzip2 会拒绝将压缩结果写往终端,因为这完全无法理解并且是没有意义的。</p>
<p>bunzip2 (以及 bzip2 -d) 对所有指定的文件进行解压缩处理。不是由 bzip2 产生的文件将被忽略,同时发出一个警告信息。 bzip2 按下列方式由压缩文件名确定解压后的文件名:</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">filename.bz2 解压成 filename
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">filename.bz 解压成 filename
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">filename.tbz2 解压成 filename.tar
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">filename.tbz 解压成 filename.tar
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">anyothername 解压成 anyothername.out
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="filename.bz2 解压成 filename
filename.bz 解压成 filename
filename.tbz2 解压成 filename.tar
filename.tbz 解压成 filename.tar
anyothername 解压成 anyothername.out
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>如果文件名的后缀不是下列之一: .bz2, .bz, .tbz2 或 .tbz, .bzip2 将抱怨无法确定原始文件名,并采用原文件名加 .out 作为解压缩文件名。</p>
<p>在压缩时如果不提供文件名bzip2 将从标准输入读取数据,压缩结果写往标准输出。</p>
<p>bzip2 采用 32 位 CRC 校验码作自我检查,以确认解压后的文件与原始文件相同。 这可用于检测压缩文件是否损坏,并防止 bzip2 中未知的缺陷(运气好的话这种可能性非常小)。 数据损坏而未检测到的几率非常之小, 对于每个被处理的文件大约是四十亿分之一。 检查是在解压缩时进行的,因此它只能说明某个地方出问题了。 它能帮助恢复原始未压缩的数据。可以用 bzip2recover 来尝试从损坏的文件中恢复数据。</p>
<p>返回值:正常退出返回 0 出现环境问题返回 1 文件未找到非法的选项I/O错误等 返回 2 表明压缩文件损坏,出现导致 bzip2 紧急退出的内部一致性错误(例如缺陷)时返回 3。</p>
<h3 id="语法"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#语法"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>语法</h3>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-cdfkqstvzVL123456789</span> <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> filenames <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. <span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="bzip2 [ -cdfkqstvzVL123456789 ] [ filenames ... ]
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h3 id="选项"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选项"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>选项</h3>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token parameter variable">-c</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--stdout</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"> <span class="token comment"># 将数据压缩或解压缩至标准输出。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--decompress</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5"> <span class="token comment"># 强制解压缩。 bzip2, bunzip2 以及 bzcat 实际上是同一个程序,进行何种操作将根据程序名确定。 指定该选项后将不考虑这一机制,强制 bzip2 进行解压缩。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7"><span class="token parameter variable">-z</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--compress</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8"> <span class="token comment"># -d 选项的补充:强制进行压缩操作,而不管执行的是哪个程序。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10"><span class="token parameter variable">-t</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--test</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11"> <span class="token comment"># 检查指定文件的完整性,但并不对其解压缩。 实际上将对数据进行实验性的解压缩操作,而不输出结果。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13"><span class="token parameter variable">-f</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--force</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14"> <span class="token comment"># 强制覆盖输出文件。通常 bzip2 不会覆盖已经存在的文件。该选项还强制 bzip2 打破文件的硬连接,缺省情况下 bzip2 不会这么做。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="15">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="16"><span class="token parameter variable">-k</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--keep</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="17"> <span class="token comment"># 在压缩或解压缩时保留输入文件(不删除这些文件)。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="18">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="19"><span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--small</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="20"> <span class="token comment"># 在压缩、解压缩及检查时减少内存用量。采用一种修正的算法进行压缩和测试,每个数据块仅需要 2.5 个字节。这意味着任何文件都可以在 2300k</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="21"> <span class="token comment"># 的内存中进行解压缩, 尽管速度只有通常情况下的一半。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="22">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="23"> <span class="token comment"># 在压缩时,-s将选定 200k 的块长度,内存用量也限制在 200k 左右, 代价是压缩率会降低。 总之如果机器的内存较少8兆字节或更少</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="24"> <span class="token comment"># 可对所有操作都采用-s选项。参见下面的内存管理。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="25">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="26"><span class="token parameter variable">-q</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--quiet</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="27"> <span class="token comment"># 压制不重要的警告信息。属于 I/O 错误及其它严重事件的信息将不会被压制。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="28">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="29"><span class="token parameter variable">-v</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--verbose</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="30"> <span class="token comment"># 详尽模式 -- 显示每个被处理文件的压缩率。 命令行中更多的 -v 选项将增加详细的程度, 使 bzip2 显示出许多主要用于诊断目的信息。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="31">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="32"><span class="token parameter variable">-L</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--license</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-V</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--version</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="33"> <span class="token comment"># 显示软件版本,许可证条款及条件。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="34">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="35"><span class="token parameter variable">-1</span> to <span class="token parameter variable">-9</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="36"> <span class="token comment"># 在压缩时将块长度设为 100 k、200 k .. 900 k。 对解压缩没有影响。参见下面的内存管理。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="37">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="38">-- <span class="token comment"># 将所有后面的命令行变量看作文件名,即使这些变量以减号"-"打头。 可用这一选项处理以减号"-"打头的文件名, 例如bzip2 -- -myfilename.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="39">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="40">--repetitive-fast --repetitive-best
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="41"> <span class="token comment"># 这些选项在 0.9.5 及其以上版本中是多余的。 在较早的版本中,这两个选项对排序算法的行为提供了一些粗糙的控制,有些情况下很有用。 0.9.5</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="42"> <span class="token comment"># 及其以上版本采用了改进的算法而与这些选项无关。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="-c --stdout
# 将数据压缩或解压缩至标准输出。
-d --decompress
# 强制解压缩。 bzip2, bunzip2 以及 bzcat 实际上是同一个程序,进行何种操作将根据程序名确定。 指定该选项后将不考虑这一机制,强制 bzip2 进行解压缩。
-z --compress
# -d 选项的补充:强制进行压缩操作,而不管执行的是哪个程序。
-t --test
# 检查指定文件的完整性,但并不对其解压缩。 实际上将对数据进行实验性的解压缩操作,而不输出结果。
-f --force
# 强制覆盖输出文件。通常 bzip2 不会覆盖已经存在的文件。该选项还强制 bzip2 打破文件的硬连接,缺省情况下 bzip2 不会这么做。
-k --keep
# 在压缩或解压缩时保留输入文件(不删除这些文件)。
-s --small
# 在压缩、解压缩及检查时减少内存用量。采用一种修正的算法进行压缩和测试,每个数据块仅需要 2.5 个字节。这意味着任何文件都可以在 2300k
# 的内存中进行解压缩, 尽管速度只有通常情况下的一半。
# 在压缩时,-s将选定 200k 的块长度,内存用量也限制在 200k 左右, 代价是压缩率会降低。 总之如果机器的内存较少8兆字节或更少
# 可对所有操作都采用-s选项。参见下面的内存管理。
-q --quiet
# 压制不重要的警告信息。属于 I/O 错误及其它严重事件的信息将不会被压制。
-v --verbose
# 详尽模式 -- 显示每个被处理文件的压缩率。 命令行中更多的 -v 选项将增加详细的程度, 使 bzip2 显示出许多主要用于诊断目的信息。
-L --license -V --version
# 显示软件版本,许可证条款及条件。
-1 to -9
# 在压缩时将块长度设为 100 k、200 k .. 900 k。 对解压缩没有影响。参见下面的内存管理。
-- # 将所有后面的命令行变量看作文件名,即使这些变量以减号&#x22;-&#x22;打头。 可用这一选项处理以减号&#x22;-&#x22;打头的文件名, 例如bzip2 -- -myfilename.
--repetitive-fast --repetitive-best
# 这些选项在 0.9.5 及其以上版本中是多余的。 在较早的版本中,这两个选项对排序算法的行为提供了一些粗糙的控制,有些情况下很有用。 0.9.5
# 及其以上版本采用了改进的算法而与这些选项无关。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h3 id="参数"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#参数"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>参数</h3>
<p>文件:指定要压缩的文件。</p>
<h3 id="实例"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#实例"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>实例</h3>
<p><strong>压缩指定文件filename:</strong></p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> filename
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-z</span> filename
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="bzip2 filename
bzip2 -z filename
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这里压缩的时候不会输出会将原来的文件filename给删除替换成filename.bz2.如果以前有filename.bz2则不会替换并提示错误如果想要替换则指定-f选项例如<code>bzip2 -f filename</code>如果filename是目录则也提醒错误不做任何操作如果filename已经是压过的了有bz2后缀就提醒一下不再压缩没有bz2后缀会再次压缩。</p>
<p><strong>解压指定的文件filename.bz2:</strong></p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> filename.bz2
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">bunzip2 filename.bz2
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="bzip2 -d filename.bz2
bunzip2 filename.bz2
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这里解压的时候没标准输出会将原来的文件filename.bz2给替换成filename。如果以前有filename则不会替换并提示错误如果想要替换则指定<code>-f</code>选项,例如<code>bzip2 -df filename.bz2</code></p>
<p><strong>压缩解压的时候将结果也输出:</strong></p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token variable">$bzip2</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-v</span> filename
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="$bzip2 -v filename
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>输入之后,输出如下:</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">filename: <span class="token number">0.119</span>:1, <span class="token number">67.200</span> bits/byte, -740.00% saved, <span class="token number">5</span> in, <span class="token number">42</span> out.
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="filename: 0.119:1, 67.200 bits/byte, -740.00% saved, 5 in, 42 out.
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这里,加上<code>-v</code>选项就会输出了,只用压缩举例了,解压的时候同理<code>bzip2 -dv filename.bz2</code>不再举例了。</p>
<p><strong>模拟解压实际并不解压:</strong></p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-tv</span> filename.bz2
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="bzip2 -tv filename.bz2
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>输入之后,输出如下:</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">filename.bz2: ok
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="filename.bz2: ok
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这里,<code>-t</code>指定要进行模拟解压,不实际生成结果,也就是说类似检查文件,当然就算目录下面有filename也不会有什么错误输出了因为它根本不会真的解压文件。为了在屏幕上输出这里加上<code>-v</code>选项了,如果是真的解压<code>bzip2 -dv filename.bz2</code>则输出的是把"ok"替换成了"done"。</p>
<p><strong>压缩解压的时候,除了生成结果文件,将原来的文件也保存:</strong></p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-k</span> filename
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="bzip2 -k filename
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这里,加上<code>-k</code>就保存原始的文件了,否则原始文件会被结果文件替代。只用压缩举例了,解压的时候同理<code>$bzip2 -dk filename.bz2</code>不再举例了。</p>
<p><strong>解压到标准输出:</strong></p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-dc</span> filename.bz2
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="bzip2 -dc filename.bz2
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>输入之后,输出如下:</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">hahahhaahahha
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="hahahhaahahha
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这里,使用<code>-c</code>指定到标准输出输出的是文件filename的内容不会将filename.bz2删除。</p>
<p><strong>压缩到标准输出:</strong></p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-c</span> filename
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">bzip2: I won<span class="token string">'t write compressed data to a terminal.
</span></span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token string">bzip2: For help, type: `bzip2 --help'</span><span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="bzip2 -c filename
bzip2: I won&#x27;t write compressed data to a terminal.
bzip2: For help, type: &#x60;bzip2 --help&#x27;.
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这里,使用<code>-c</code>指定压缩到标准输出不删除原有文件,不同的是,压缩后的文件无法输出到标准输出。</p>
<p><strong>使用bzip2的时候将所有后面的看作文件(即使文件名以'-'开头)</strong></p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">bzip2</span> -- <span class="token parameter variable">-myfilename</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="bzip2 -- -myfilename
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这里主要是为了防止文件名中<code>-</code>产生以为是选项的歧义。</p>
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