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|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="search">
|
||
<ul class="search-list" id="result">
|
||
<!-- <li><a href="#"><strong>find</strong> - 指定目录下查找文件。</a></li> -->
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<input type="text" class="query" id="query" autocomplete="off" autofocus="autofocus" placeholder="Linux 命令搜索"/>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/copy-to-clipboard.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
|
||
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|
||
<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/edit/master/command/sed.md">纠正错误</a>
|
||
<span class="split"></span>
|
||
<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/edit/master/command/sed.md">添加实例</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
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} markdown-style [type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button, markdown-style [type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration { -webkit-appearance: none; } markdown-style ::-webkit-input-placeholder { color: inherit; opacity: .54; } markdown-style ::-webkit-file-upload-button { -webkit-appearance: button; font: inherit; } markdown-style a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } markdown-style hr::before { display: table; content: ""; } markdown-style hr::after { display: table; clear: both; content: ""; } markdown-style table { border-spacing: 0; border-collapse: collapse; display: block; width: max-content; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; } markdown-style td, markdown-style th { padding: 0; } markdown-style details summary { cursor: pointer; } markdown-style details:not([open])>*:not(summary) { display: none !important; } markdown-style kbd { display: inline-block; padding: 3px 5px; font: 11px ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; line-height: 10px; color: var(--color-fg-default); vertical-align: middle; background-color: var(--color-canvas-subtle); border: solid 1px var(--color-neutral-muted); border-bottom-color: var(--color-neutral-muted); border-radius: 6px; box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 var(--color-neutral-muted); } markdown-style h1, markdown-style h2, markdown-style h3, markdown-style h4, markdown-style h5, markdown-style h6 { margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 16px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.25; } markdown-style h2 { font-weight: 600; padding-bottom: .3em; font-size: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-muted); } markdown-style h3 { font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.25em; } markdown-style h4 { font-weight: 600; font-size: 1em; } markdown-style h5 { font-weight: 600; font-size: .875em; } markdown-style h6 { font-weight: 600; font-size: .85em; color: var(--color-fg-muted); } markdown-style p { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10px; } markdown-style blockquote { margin: 0; padding: 0 1em; color: var(--color-fg-muted); border-left: .25em solid var(--color-border-default); } markdown-style ul, markdown-style ol { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 2em; } markdown-style ol ol, markdown-style ul ol { list-style-type: lower-roman; } markdown-style ul ul ol, markdown-style ul ol ol, markdown-style ol ul ol, markdown-style ol ol ol { list-style-type: lower-alpha; } markdown-style dd { margin-left: 0; } markdown-style tt, markdown-style code { font-family: ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; font-size: 12px; } markdown-style pre { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; font-family: ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; font-size: 12px; word-wrap: normal; } markdown-style .octicon { display: inline-block; overflow: visible !important; vertical-align: text-bottom; fill: currentColor; } markdown-style ::placeholder { color: var(--color-fg-subtle); opacity: 1; } markdown-style input::-webkit-outer-spin-button, markdown-style input::-webkit-inner-spin-button { margin: 0; -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; }
|
||
markdown-style .token.comment, markdown-style .token.prolog, markdown-style .token.doctype, markdown-style .token.cdata { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-comment); } markdown-style .token.namespace { opacity: 0.7; } markdown-style .token.tag, markdown-style .token.selector, markdown-style .token.constant, markdown-style .token.symbol, markdown-style .token.deleted { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-entity-tag); } markdown-style .token.maybe-class-name { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-variable); } markdown-style .token.property-access, markdown-style .token.operator, markdown-style .token.boolean, markdown-style .token.number, markdown-style .token.selector markdown-style .token.class, markdown-style .token.attr-name, markdown-style .token.string, markdown-style .token.char, markdown-style .token.builtin { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant); } markdown-style .token.deleted { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-text); } markdown-style .token.property { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant); } markdown-style .token.punctuation { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-bold); } markdown-style .token.function { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-entity); } markdown-style .code-line .token.deleted { background-color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-bg); } markdown-style .token.inserted { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-text); } markdown-style .code-line .token.inserted { background-color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-bg); } markdown-style .token.variable { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant); } markdown-style .token.entity, markdown-style .token.url, .language-css markdown-style .token.string, .style markdown-style .token.string { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-string); } markdown-style .token.color, markdown-style .token.atrule, markdown-style .token.attr-value, markdown-style .token.function, markdown-style .token.class-name { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-string); } markdown-style .token.rule, markdown-style .token.regex, markdown-style .token.important, markdown-style .token.keyword { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-keyword); } markdown-style .token.coord { color: var(--color-prettylights-syntax-meta-diff-range); } markdown-style .token.important, markdown-style .token.bold { font-weight: bold; } markdown-style .token.italic { font-style: italic; } markdown-style .token.entity { cursor: help; }
|
||
markdown-style [data-catalyst] { display: block; } markdown-style g-emoji { font-family: "Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 1em; font-style: normal !important; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; vertical-align: -0.075em; } markdown-style g-emoji img { width: 1em; height: 1em; } markdown-style::before { display: table; content: ""; } markdown-style::after { display: table; clear: both; content: ""; } markdown-style>*:first-child { margin-top: 0 !important; } markdown-style>*:last-child { margin-bottom: 0 !important; } markdown-style a:not([href]) { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; } markdown-style .absent { color: var(--color-danger-fg); } markdown-style a.anchor { float: left; padding-right: 4px; margin-left: -20px; line-height: 1; } markdown-style a.anchor:focus { outline: none; } markdown-style p, markdown-style blockquote, markdown-style ul, markdown-style ol, markdown-style dl, markdown-style table, markdown-style pre, markdown-style details { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 16px; } markdown-style blockquote>:first-child { margin-top: 0; } markdown-style blockquote>:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } markdown-style sup>a::before { content: "["; } markdown-style sup>a::after { content: "]"; }
|
||
markdown-style .octicon-video { border: 1px solid #d0d7de !important; border-radius: 6px !important; display: block; } markdown-style .octicon-video summary { border-bottom: 1px solid #d0d7de !important; padding: 8px 16px !important; cursor: pointer; } markdown-style .octicon-video > video { display: block !important; max-width: 100% !important; padding: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-right-radius: 6px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 6px !important; } markdown-style details.octicon-video:not([open])>*:not(summary) { display: none !important; } markdown-style details.octicon-video:not([open]) > summary { border-bottom: 0 !important; } markdown-style h1 .octicon-link, markdown-style h2 .octicon-link, markdown-style h3 .octicon-link, markdown-style h4 .octicon-link, markdown-style h5 .octicon-link, markdown-style h6 .octicon-link { color: var(--color-fg-default); vertical-align: middle; visibility: hidden; } markdown-style h1:hover .anchor, markdown-style h2:hover .anchor, markdown-style h3:hover .anchor, markdown-style h4:hover .anchor, markdown-style h5:hover .anchor, markdown-style h6:hover .anchor { text-decoration: none; } markdown-style h1:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h2:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h3:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h4:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h5:hover .anchor .octicon-link, markdown-style h6:hover .anchor .octicon-link { visibility: visible; } markdown-style h1 tt, markdown-style h1 code, markdown-style h2 tt, markdown-style h2 code, markdown-style h3 tt, markdown-style h3 code, markdown-style h4 tt, markdown-style h4 code, markdown-style h5 tt, markdown-style h5 code, markdown-style h6 tt, markdown-style h6 code { padding: 0 .2em; font-size: inherit; } markdown-style ul.no-list, markdown-style ol.no-list { padding: 0; list-style-type: none; } markdown-style ol[type="1"] { list-style-type: decimal; } markdown-style ol[type=a] { list-style-type: lower-alpha; } markdown-style ol[type=i] { list-style-type: lower-roman; } markdown-style div>ol:not([type]) { list-style-type: decimal; } markdown-style ul ul, markdown-style ul ol, markdown-style ol ol, markdown-style ol ul { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; } markdown-style li>p { margin-top: 16px; } markdown-style li+li { margin-top: .25em; } markdown-style dl { padding: 0; } markdown-style dl dt { padding: 0; margin-top: 16px; font-size: 1em; font-style: italic; font-weight: 600; } markdown-style dl dd { padding: 0 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; } markdown-style table th { font-weight: 600; } markdown-style table th, markdown-style table td { padding: 6px 13px; border: 1px solid var(--color-border-default); } markdown-style table tr { background-color: var(--color-canvas-default); border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-muted); } markdown-style table tr:nth-child(2n) { background-color: var(--color-canvas-subtle); } markdown-style table img { background-color: transparent; vertical-align: middle; } markdown-style img[align=right] { padding-left: 20px; } markdown-style img[align=left] { padding-right: 20px; } markdown-style .emoji { max-width: none; vertical-align: text-top; background-color: transparent; } markdown-style span.frame { display: block; overflow: hidden; } markdown-style span.frame>span { display: block; float: left; width: auto; padding: 7px; margin: 13px 0 0; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--color-border-default); } markdown-style span.frame span img { display: block; float: left; } markdown-style span.frame span span { display: block; padding: 5px 0 0; clear: both; color: var(--color-fg-default); } markdown-style span.align-center { display: block; overflow: hidden; clear: both; } markdown-style span.align-center>span { display: block; margin: 13px auto 0; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; } markdown-style span.align-center span img { margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; } markdown-style span.align-right { display: block; overflow: hidden; clear: both; } markdown-style span.align-right>span { display: block; margin: 13px 0 0; overflow: hidden; text-align: right; } markdown-style span.align-right span img { margin: 0; text-align: right; } markdown-style span.float-left { display: block; float: left; margin-right: 13px; overflow: hidden; } markdown-style span.float-left span { margin: 13px 0 0; } markdown-style span.float-right { display: block; float: right; margin-left: 13px; overflow: hidden; } markdown-style span.float-right>span { display: block; margin: 13px auto 0; overflow: hidden; text-align: right; } markdown-style code, markdown-style tt { padding: .2em .4em; margin: 0; font-size: 85%; background-color: var(--color-neutral-muted); border-radius: 6px; } markdown-style code br, markdown-style tt br { display: none; } markdown-style del code { text-decoration: inherit; } markdown-style pre code { font-size: 100%; } markdown-style pre>code { padding: 0; margin: 0; word-break: normal; white-space: pre; background: transparent; border: 0; } markdown-style pre { position: relative; font-size: 85%; line-height: 1.45; background-color: var(--color-canvas-subtle); border-radius: 6px; } markdown-style pre code, markdown-style pre tt { display: inline; max-width: auto; padding: 0; margin: 0; overflow: visible; line-height: inherit; word-wrap: normal; background-color: transparent; border: 0; } markdown-style pre > code { padding: 16px; overflow: auto; display: block; } markdown-style .csv-data td, markdown-style .csv-data th { padding: 5px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap; } markdown-style .csv-data .blob-num { padding: 10px 8px 9px; text-align: right; background: var(--color-canvas-default); border: 0; } markdown-style .csv-data tr { border-top: 0; } markdown-style .csv-data th { font-weight: 600; background: var(--color-canvas-subtle); border-top: 0; } markdown-style .footnotes { font-size: 12px; color: var(--color-fg-muted); border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-default); } markdown-style .footnotes ol { padding-left: 16px; } markdown-style .footnotes li { position: relative; } markdown-style .footnotes li:target::before { position: absolute; top: -8px; right: -8px; bottom: -8px; left: -24px; pointer-events: none; content: ""; border: 2px solid var(--color-accent-emphasis); border-radius: 6px; } markdown-style .footnotes li:target { color: var(--color-fg-default); } markdown-style .footnotes .data-footnote-backref g-emoji { font-family: monospace; } markdown-style .task-list-item { list-style-type: none; } markdown-style .task-list-item label { font-weight: 400; } markdown-style .task-list-item.enabled label { cursor: pointer; } markdown-style .task-list-item+.task-list-item { margin-top: 3px; } markdown-style .task-list-item .handle { display: none; } markdown-style .task-list-item-checkbox, markdown-style input[type="checkbox"] { margin: 0 .2em .25em -1.6em; vertical-align: middle; } markdown-style .contains-task-list:dir(rtl) .task-list-item-checkbox, markdown-style .contains-task-list:dir(rtl) input[type="checkbox"] { margin: 0 -1.6em .25em .2em; } markdown-style ::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator { filter: invert(50%); }
|
||
</style>
|
||
<slot></slot>
|
||
`;
|
||
class MarkdownStyle extends HTMLElement {
|
||
constructor() {
|
||
super();
|
||
this.shadow = this.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });
|
||
this.shadow.appendChild(__TEMPLATE__.content.cloneNode(true));
|
||
const style = Array.prototype.slice
|
||
.call(this.shadow.children)
|
||
.find((item) => item.tagName === 'STYLE');
|
||
if (style) {
|
||
const id = '__MARKDOWN_STYLE__';
|
||
const findStyle = document.getElementById(id);
|
||
if (!findStyle) {
|
||
style.id = id;
|
||
document.head.append(style);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
get theme() {
|
||
const value = this.getAttribute('theme');
|
||
return value === null ? '' : value;
|
||
}
|
||
set theme(name) {
|
||
this.setAttribute('theme', name);
|
||
}
|
||
connectedCallback() {
|
||
if (!this.theme) {
|
||
const { colorMode } = document.documentElement.dataset;
|
||
this.theme = colorMode;
|
||
const observer = new MutationObserver((mutationsList, observer) => {
|
||
this.theme = document.documentElement.dataset.colorMode;
|
||
});
|
||
observer.observe(document.documentElement, { attributes: true });
|
||
window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: light)').onchange = (event) => {
|
||
this.theme = event.matches ? 'light' : 'dark';
|
||
};
|
||
window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').onchange = (event) => {
|
||
this.theme = event.matches ? 'dark' : 'light';
|
||
};
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
customElements.define('markdown-style', MarkdownStyle);</script><markdown-style style="max-width: 960px; margin: 0 auto 60px auto; padding: 8px;" class="markdown-style">
|
||
<h1 id="sed"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>sed</h1>
|
||
<p>功能强大的流式文本编辑器</p>
|
||
<h2 id="补充说明"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#补充说明"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>补充说明</h2>
|
||
<p><strong>sed</strong> 是一种流编辑器，它是文本处理中非常重要的工具，能够完美的配合正则表达式使用，功能不同凡响。处理时，把当前处理的行存储在临时缓冲区中，称为“模式空间”（pattern space），接着用sed命令处理缓冲区中的内容，处理完成后，把缓冲区的内容送往屏幕。接着处理下一行，这样不断重复，直到文件末尾。文件内容并没有 改变，除非你使用重定向存储输出。Sed主要用来自动编辑一个或多个文件；简化对文件的反复操作；编写转换程序等。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="sed的选项命令替换标记"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed的选项命令替换标记"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>sed的选项、命令、替换标记</h2>
|
||
<p><strong>命令格式</strong></p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token string">'command'</span> file<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-f</span> scriptfile file<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed [options] 'command' file(s)
|
||
sed [options] -f scriptfile file(s)
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="选项"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选项"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>选项</h3>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">-e<span class="token operator"><</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>或--expression<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator"><</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>：以选项中的指定的script来处理输入的文本文件；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">-f<span class="token operator"><</span>script文件<span class="token operator">></span>或--file<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator"><</span>script文件<span class="token operator">></span>：以选项中指定的script文件来处理输入的文本文件；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">-h或--help：显示帮助；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">-n或--quiet或——silent：仅显示script处理后的结果；
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">-V或--version：显示版本信息。
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="-e<script>或--expression=<script>：以选项中的指定的script来处理输入的文本文件；
|
||
-f<script文件>或--file=<script文件>：以选项中指定的script文件来处理输入的文本文件；
|
||
-h或--help：显示帮助；
|
||
-n或--quiet或——silent：仅显示script处理后的结果；
|
||
-V或--version：显示版本信息。
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="参数"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#参数"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>参数</h3>
|
||
<p>文件：指定待处理的文本文件列表。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="sed命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>sed命令</h3>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">a<span class="token punctuation">\</span> <span class="token comment"># 在当前行下面插入文本。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">i<span class="token punctuation">\</span> <span class="token comment"># 在当前行上面插入文本。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">c<span class="token punctuation">\</span> <span class="token comment"># 把选定的行改为新的文本。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">d <span class="token comment"># 删除，删除选择的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">D <span class="token comment"># 删除模板块的第一行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">s <span class="token comment"># 替换指定字符</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">h <span class="token comment"># 拷贝模板块的内容到内存中的缓冲区。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">H <span class="token comment"># 追加模板块的内容到内存中的缓冲区。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">g <span class="token comment"># 获得内存缓冲区的内容，并替代当前模板块中的文本。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">G <span class="token comment"># 获得内存缓冲区的内容，并追加到当前模板块文本的后面。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">l <span class="token comment"># 列表不能打印字符的清单。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">n <span class="token comment"># 读取下一个输入行，用下一个命令处理新的行而不是用第一个命令。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13">N <span class="token comment"># 追加下一个输入行到模板块后面并在二者间嵌入一个新行，改变当前行号码。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14">p <span class="token comment"># 打印模板块的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="15">P <span class="token comment"># (大写) 打印模板块的第一行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="16">q <span class="token comment"># 退出Sed。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="17">b lable <span class="token comment"># 分支到脚本中带有标记的地方，如果分支不存在则分支到脚本的末尾。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="18">r <span class="token function">file</span> <span class="token comment"># 从file中读行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="19">t label <span class="token comment"># if分支，从最后一行开始，条件一旦满足或者T，t命令，将导致分支到带有标号的命令处，或者到脚本的末尾。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="20">T label <span class="token comment"># 错误分支，从最后一行开始，一旦发生错误或者T，t命令，将导致分支到带有标号的命令处，或者到脚本的末尾。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="21">w <span class="token function">file</span> <span class="token comment"># 写并追加模板块到file末尾。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="22">W <span class="token function">file</span> <span class="token comment"># 写并追加模板块的第一行到file末尾。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="23"><span class="token operator">!</span> <span class="token comment"># 表示后面的命令对所有没有被选定的行发生作用。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="24"><span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token comment"># 打印当前行号码。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="25"><span class="token comment"># # 把注释扩展到下一个换行符以前。 </span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="a\ # 在当前行下面插入文本。
|
||
i\ # 在当前行上面插入文本。
|
||
c\ # 把选定的行改为新的文本。
|
||
d # 删除，删除选择的行。
|
||
D # 删除模板块的第一行。
|
||
s # 替换指定字符
|
||
h # 拷贝模板块的内容到内存中的缓冲区。
|
||
H # 追加模板块的内容到内存中的缓冲区。
|
||
g # 获得内存缓冲区的内容，并替代当前模板块中的文本。
|
||
G # 获得内存缓冲区的内容，并追加到当前模板块文本的后面。
|
||
l # 列表不能打印字符的清单。
|
||
n # 读取下一个输入行，用下一个命令处理新的行而不是用第一个命令。
|
||
N # 追加下一个输入行到模板块后面并在二者间嵌入一个新行，改变当前行号码。
|
||
p # 打印模板块的行。
|
||
P # (大写) 打印模板块的第一行。
|
||
q # 退出Sed。
|
||
b lable # 分支到脚本中带有标记的地方，如果分支不存在则分支到脚本的末尾。
|
||
r file # 从file中读行。
|
||
t label # if分支，从最后一行开始，条件一旦满足或者T，t命令，将导致分支到带有标号的命令处，或者到脚本的末尾。
|
||
T label # 错误分支，从最后一行开始，一旦发生错误或者T，t命令，将导致分支到带有标号的命令处，或者到脚本的末尾。
|
||
w file # 写并追加模板块到file末尾。
|
||
W file # 写并追加模板块的第一行到file末尾。
|
||
! # 表示后面的命令对所有没有被选定的行发生作用。
|
||
= # 打印当前行号码。
|
||
# # 把注释扩展到下一个换行符以前。
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="sed替换标记"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed替换标记"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>sed替换标记</h3>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">g <span class="token comment"># 表示行内全面替换。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">p <span class="token comment"># 表示打印行。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">w <span class="token comment"># 表示把行写入一个文件。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">x <span class="token comment"># 表示互换模板块中的文本和缓冲区中的文本。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">y <span class="token comment"># 表示把一个字符翻译为另外的字符（但是不用于正则表达式）</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6"><span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token comment"># 子串匹配标记</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7"><span class="token operator">&</span> <span class="token comment"># 已匹配字符串标记</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="g # 表示行内全面替换。
|
||
p # 表示打印行。
|
||
w # 表示把行写入一个文件。
|
||
x # 表示互换模板块中的文本和缓冲区中的文本。
|
||
y # 表示把一个字符翻译为另外的字符（但是不用于正则表达式）
|
||
\1 # 子串匹配标记
|
||
& # 已匹配字符串标记
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="sed元字符集"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed元字符集"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>sed元字符集</h3>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">^ <span class="token comment"># 匹配行开始，如：/^sed/匹配所有以sed开头的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">$ <span class="token comment"># 匹配行结束，如：/sed$/匹配所有以sed结尾的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token builtin class-name">.</span> <span class="token comment"># 匹配一个非换行符的任意字符，如：/s.d/匹配s后接一个任意字符，最后是d。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">* <span class="token comment"># 匹配0个或多个字符，如：/*sed/匹配所有模板是一个或多个空格后紧跟sed的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token comment"># 匹配一个指定范围内的字符，如/[sS]ed/匹配sed和Sed。 </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>^<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token comment"># 匹配一个不在指定范围内的字符，如：/[^A-RT-Z]ed/匹配不包含A-R和T-Z的一个字母开头，紧跟ed的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7"><span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># 匹配子串，保存匹配的字符，如s/\(love\)able/\1rs，loveable被替换成lovers。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8"><span class="token operator">&</span> <span class="token comment"># 保存搜索字符用来替换其他字符，如s/love/ **&** /，love这成 **love** 。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9"><span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token comment"># 匹配单词的开始，如:/\<love/匹配包含以love开头的单词的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10"><span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token comment"># 匹配单词的结束，如/love\>/匹配包含以love结尾的单词的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">x<span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>m<span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token comment"># 重复字符x，m次，如：/0\{5\}/匹配包含5个0的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">x<span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>m,<span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token comment"># 重复字符x，至少m次，如：/0\{5,\}/匹配至少有5个0的行。</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13">x<span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>m,n<span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token comment"># 重复字符x，至少m次，不多于n次，如：/0\{5,10\}/匹配5~10个0的行。 </span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="^ # 匹配行开始，如：/^sed/匹配所有以sed开头的行。
|
||
$ # 匹配行结束，如：/sed$/匹配所有以sed结尾的行。
|
||
. # 匹配一个非换行符的任意字符，如：/s.d/匹配s后接一个任意字符，最后是d。
|
||
* # 匹配0个或多个字符，如：/*sed/匹配所有模板是一个或多个空格后紧跟sed的行。
|
||
[] # 匹配一个指定范围内的字符，如/[sS]ed/匹配sed和Sed。
|
||
[^] # 匹配一个不在指定范围内的字符，如：/[^A-RT-Z]ed/匹配不包含A-R和T-Z的一个字母开头，紧跟ed的行。
|
||
\(..\) # 匹配子串，保存匹配的字符，如s/\(love\)able/\1rs，loveable被替换成lovers。
|
||
& # 保存搜索字符用来替换其他字符，如s/love/ **&** /，love这成 **love** 。
|
||
\< # 匹配单词的开始，如:/\<love/匹配包含以love开头的单词的行。
|
||
\> # 匹配单词的结束，如/love\>/匹配包含以love结尾的单词的行。
|
||
x\{m\} # 重复字符x，m次，如：/0\{5\}/匹配包含5个0的行。
|
||
x\{m,\} # 重复字符x，至少m次，如：/0\{5,\}/匹配至少有5个0的行。
|
||
x\{m,n\} # 重复字符x，至少m次，不多于n次，如：/0\{5,10\}/匹配5~10个0的行。
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h2 id="sed用法实例"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed用法实例"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>sed用法实例</h2>
|
||
<h3 id="替换操作s命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#替换操作s命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>替换操作：s命令</h3>
|
||
<p>替换文本中的字符串：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/book/books/'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed 's/book/books/' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p><strong>-n选项</strong> 和 <strong>p命令</strong> 一起使用表示只打印那些发生替换的行：</p>
|
||
<p>sed -n 's/test/TEST/p' file</p>
|
||
<p>直接编辑文件 <strong>选项-i</strong> ，会匹配file文件中每一行的所有book替换为books：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-i</span> <span class="token string">'s/book/books/g'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -i 's/book/books/g' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="全面替换标记g"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#全面替换标记g"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>全面替换标记g</h3>
|
||
<p>使用后缀 /g 标记会替换每一行中的所有匹配：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/book/books/g'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed 's/book/books/g' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>当需要从第N处匹配开始替换时，可以使用 /Ng：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> sksksksksksk <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/sk/SK/2g'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">skSKSKSKSKSK
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> sksksksksksk <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/sk/SK/3g'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">skskSKSKSKSK
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7"><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> sksksksksksk <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/sk/SK/4g'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">skskskSKSKSK
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="echo sksksksksksk | sed 's/sk/SK/2g'
|
||
skSKSKSKSKSK
|
||
|
||
echo sksksksksksk | sed 's/sk/SK/3g'
|
||
skskSKSKSKSK
|
||
|
||
echo sksksksksksk | sed 's/sk/SK/4g'
|
||
skskskSKSKSK
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="定界符"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#定界符"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>定界符</h3>
|
||
<p>以上命令中字符 / 在sed中作为定界符使用，也可以使用任意的定界符：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s:test:TEXT:g'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s|test|TEXT|g'</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed 's:test:TEXT:g'
|
||
sed 's|test|TEXT|g'
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>定界符出现在样式内部时，需要进行转义：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/\/bin/\/usr\/local\/bin/g'</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed 's/\/bin/\/usr\/local\/bin/g'
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="删除操作d命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#删除操作d命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>删除操作：d命令</h3>
|
||
<p>删除空白行：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^$/d'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '/^$/d' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>删除文件的第2行：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'2d'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '2d' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>删除文件的第2行到末尾所有行：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'2,$d'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '2,$d' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>删除文件最后一行：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'$d'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '$d' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>删除文件中所有开头是test的行(d写外边效果一样)：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^test/d'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^test/'</span>d <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '/^test/d' file
|
||
sed '/^test/'d file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="已匹配字符串标记"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#已匹配字符串标记"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>已匹配字符串标记&</h3>
|
||
<p>正则表达式 \w+ 匹配每一个单词，使用 [&] 替换它，& 对应于之前所匹配到的单词：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> this is a <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> line <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/\w\+/[&]/g'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>this<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>is<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>a<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>test<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>line<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="echo this is a test line | sed 's/\w\+/[&]/g'
|
||
[this] [is] [a] [test] [line]
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>所有以192.168.0.1开头的行都会被替换成它自已加localhost：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/^192.168.0.1/&localhost/'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token number">192.168</span>.0.1localhost
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed 's/^192.168.0.1/&localhost/' file
|
||
192.168.0.1localhost
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="子串匹配标记1"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#子串匹配标记1"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>子串匹配标记\1</h3>
|
||
<p>匹配给定样式的其中一部分：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> this is digit <span class="token number">7</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> a number <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/digit \([0-9]\)/\1/'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">this is <span class="token number">7</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> a number
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="echo this is digit 7 in a number | sed 's/digit \([0-9]\)/\1/'
|
||
this is 7 in a number
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>命令中 digit 7，被替换成了 7。样式匹配到的子串是 7，(..) 用于匹配子串，对于匹配到的第一个子串就标记为 <strong>\1</strong> ，依此类推匹配到的第二个结果就是 <strong>\2</strong> ，例如：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> aaa BBB <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/\([a-z]\+\) \([A-Z]\+\)/\2 \1/'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">BBB aaa
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="echo aaa BBB | sed 's/\([a-z]\+\) \([A-Z]\+\)/\2 \1/'
|
||
BBB aaa
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>love被标记为1，所有loveable会被替换成lovers，并打印出来：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'s/\(love\)able/\1rs/p'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -n 's/\(love\)able/\1rs/p' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>通过替换获取ip：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">ifconfig</span> ens32 <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'/inet /p'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/inet \([0-9.]\+\).*/\1/'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token number">192.168</span>.75.126
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="ifconfig ens32 | sed -n '/inet /p' | sed 's/inet \([0-9.]\+\).*/\1/'
|
||
192.168.75.126
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="大小写转换ul"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#大小写转换ul"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>大小写转换U/L</h3>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token punctuation">\</span>u： 首字母转换为大写
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token punctuation">\</span>U： 全部转换为大写
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token punctuation">\</span>l： 首字母转换为小写
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token punctuation">\</span>L： 全部转换为小写
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="\u： 首字母转换为大写
|
||
\U： 全部转换为大写
|
||
\l： 首字母转换为小写
|
||
\L： 全部转换为小写
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>首字母转换为大写：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@node6 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># sed 's/^[a-z]\+/\u&/' passwd </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">Root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">Bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">Daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">Adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">Lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">Sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="[root@node6 ~]# sed 's/^[a-z]\+/\u&/' passwd
|
||
Root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
|
||
Bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
|
||
Daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
|
||
Adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
|
||
Lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
|
||
Sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>匹配到的字符全部转换为大写：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@node6 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># sed 's/^[a-z]\+/\U&/' passwd </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">ROOT:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">BIN:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="[root@node6 ~]# sed 's/^[a-z]\+/\U&/' passwd
|
||
ROOT:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
|
||
BIN:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="组合多个表达式"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#组合多个表达式"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>组合多个表达式</h3>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>替换文本中的多个字符串：</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'s/old_string/new_string/g'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'s/another_old_string/another_new_string/g'</span> file.txt
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -e 's/old_string/new_string/g' -e 's/another_old_string/another_new_string/g' file.txt
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<ol start="2">
|
||
<li>删除文本中的多个行：</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'1d'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'/pattern/d'</span> file.txt
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -e '1d' -e '/pattern/d' file.txt
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<ol start="3">
|
||
<li>在文本中插入多个行：</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'1i\inserted_line1'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'2i\inserted_line2'</span> file.txt
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -e '1i\inserted_line1' -e '2i\inserted_line2' file.txt
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>其中，-e 表示指定一个表达式，多个表达式之间用 -e 分隔。每个表达式可以是一个 sed 命令，例如 s、d、i 等。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="引用"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#引用"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>引用</h3>
|
||
<p>sed表达式可以使用单引号来引用，但是如果表达式内部包含变量字符串，就需要使用双引号。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token assign-left variable">test</span><span class="token operator">=</span>hello
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> hello WORLD <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">"s/<span class="token variable">$test</span>/HELLO"</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">HELLO WORLD
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="test=hello
|
||
echo hello WORLD | sed "s/$test/HELLO"
|
||
HELLO WORLD
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="选定行的范围逗号"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选定行的范围逗号"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>选定行的范围：,（逗号）</h3>
|
||
<p>所有在模板test和check所确定的范围内的行都被打印：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'/test/,/check/p'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -n '/test/,/check/p' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>打印从第5行开始到第一个包含以test开始的行之间的所有行：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'5,/^test/p'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -n '5,/^test/p' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>对于模板test和west之间的行，每行的末尾用字符串aaa bbb替换：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/test/,/west/s/$/aaa bbb/'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '/test/,/west/s/$/aaa bbb/' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="多点编辑e命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#多点编辑e命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>多点编辑：e命令</h3>
|
||
<p>-e选项允许在同一行里执行多条命令：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'1,5d'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'s/test/check/'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -e '1,5d' -e 's/test/check/' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>上面sed表达式的第一条命令删除1至5行，第二条命令用check替换test。命令的执行顺序对结果有影响。如果两个命令都是替换命令，那么第一个替换命令将影响第二个替换命令的结果。</p>
|
||
<p>和 -e 等价的命令是 --expression：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--expression</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'s/test/check/'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--expression</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'/love/d'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed --expression='s/test/check/' --expression='/love/d' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="从文件读入r命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#从文件读入r命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>从文件读入：r命令</h3>
|
||
<p>file里的内容被读进来，显示在与test匹配的行后面，如果匹配多行，则file的内容将显示在所有匹配行的下面：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/test/r file'</span> filename
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '/test/r file' filename
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="写入文件w命令-"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#写入文件w命令-"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>写入文件：w命令 </h3>
|
||
<p>在example中所有包含test的行都被写入file里：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'/test/w file'</span> example
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -n '/test/w file' example
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="追加行下a命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#追加行下a命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>追加（行下）：a\命令</h3>
|
||
<p>将 this is a test line 追加到 以test 开头的行后面：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^test/a\this is a test line'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '/^test/a\this is a test line' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>在 test.conf 文件第2行之后插入 this is a test line：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-i</span> <span class="token string">'2a\this is a test line'</span> test.conf
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -i '2a\this is a test line' test.conf
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="插入行上i命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#插入行上i命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>插入（行上）：i\命令</h3>
|
||
<p>将 this is a test line 追加到以test开头的行前面：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^test/i\this is a test line'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '/^test/i\this is a test line' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>在test.conf文件第5行之前插入this is a test line：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-i</span> <span class="token string">'5i\this is a test line'</span> test.conf
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -i '5i\this is a test line' test.conf
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="替换指定行c命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#替换指定行c命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>替换指定行：c\命令</h3>
|
||
<p>把root开头的行替换新内容：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@node6 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># sed '/^root/c this is new line!' passwd </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">this is new line<span class="token operator">!</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="[root@node6 ~]# sed '/^root/c this is new line!' passwd
|
||
this is new line!
|
||
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>如果是指定范围替换，需要注意，sed不是每行进行替换，而是把整个范围作为整体替换：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@node6 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># nl passwd | sed '1,5c\ this is dangerous!'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"> this is dangerous<span class="token operator">!</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"> <span class="token number">6</span> sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"> <span class="token number">7</span> shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="[root@node6 ~]# nl passwd | sed '1,5c\ this is dangerous!'
|
||
this is dangerous!
|
||
6 sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
|
||
7 shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>如果想实现对第一行到第五行统一替换为相同内容，可以用下面的命令实现：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@node5 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># sed '1{:a;s/.*/lutxixia/;n;6!ba}' passwd </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">lutxixia
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">lutxixia
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">lutxixia
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">lutxixia
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">lutxixia
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">其中：
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">:a 是设置一个循环标签
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">s/.*/lutixia/ 是用lutixia字符替换匹配到的每行内容
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">n 是读取下一行
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13"><span class="token number">6</span><span class="token operator">!</span> 是读到第六行退出循环，终止操作,如果没有，则继续循环。
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14">ba 是如果没有到第六行就跳转到a继续循环
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="[root@node5 ~]# sed '1{:a;s/.*/lutxixia/;n;6!ba}' passwd
|
||
lutxixia
|
||
lutxixia
|
||
lutxixia
|
||
lutxixia
|
||
lutxixia
|
||
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
|
||
|
||
其中：
|
||
:a 是设置一个循环标签
|
||
s/.*/lutixia/ 是用lutixia字符替换匹配到的每行内容
|
||
n 是读取下一行
|
||
6! 是读到第六行退出循环，终止操作,如果没有，则继续循环。
|
||
ba 是如果没有到第六行就跳转到a继续循环
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="下一个n命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#下一个n命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>下一个：n命令</h3>
|
||
<p>如果test被匹配，则移动到匹配行的下一行，替换这一行的aa，变为bb，并打印该行，然后继续：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/test/{ n; s/aa/bb/; }'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '/test/{ n; s/aa/bb/; }' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="变形y命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#变形y命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>变形：y命令</h3>
|
||
<p>把1~10行内所有abcde转变为大写，注意，正则表达式元字符不能使用这个命令：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'1,10y/abcde/ABCDE/'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '1,10y/abcde/ABCDE/' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="退出q命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#退出q命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>退出：q命令</h3>
|
||
<p>打印完前10行后，退出sed:</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'10q'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed '10q' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>直到找到第一个匹配项，退出sed：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@node4 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># sed '/nginx/q' nginx.yml </span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">---
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">- hosts: nginx
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="[root@node4 ~]# sed '/nginx/q' nginx.yml
|
||
---
|
||
- hosts: nginx
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="保持和获取h命令和g命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#保持和获取h命令和g命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>保持和获取：h命令和G命令</h3>
|
||
<p>在sed处理文件的时候，每一行都被保存在一个叫模式空间的临时缓冲区中，除非行被删除或者输出被取消，否则所有被处理的行都将 打印在屏幕上。接着模式空间被清空，并存入新的一行等待处理。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'/test/h'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'$G'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -e '/test/h' -e '$G' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>在这个例子里，匹配test的行被找到后，将存入模式空间，h命令将其复制并存入一个称为保持缓存区的特殊缓冲区内。第二条语句的意思是，当到达最后一行后，G命令取出保持缓冲区的行，然后把它放回模式空间中，且追加到现在已经存在于模式空间中的行的末尾。在这个例子中就是追加到最后一行。简单来说，任何包含test的行都被复制并追加到该文件的末尾。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="保持和互换h命令和x命令"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#保持和互换h命令和x命令"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>保持和互换：h命令和x命令</h3>
|
||
<p>互换模式空间和保持缓冲区的内容。也就是把包含test与check的行互换：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'/test/h'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'/check/x'</span> <span class="token function">file</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -e '/test/h' -e '/check/x' file
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="脚本scriptfile"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#脚本scriptfile"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>脚本scriptfile</h3>
|
||
<p>sed脚本是一个sed的命令清单，启动Sed时以-f选项引导脚本文件名。Sed对于脚本中输入的命令非常挑剔，在命令的末尾不能有任何空白或文本，如果在一行中有多个命令，要用分号分隔。以#开头的行为注释行，且不能跨行。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-f</span> scriptfile file<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed [options] -f scriptfile file(s)
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="打印奇数行或偶数行"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#打印奇数行或偶数行"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>打印奇数行或偶数行</h3>
|
||
<p>方法1：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'p;n'</span> test.txt <span class="token comment">#奇数行</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'n;p'</span> test.txt <span class="token comment">#偶数行</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -n 'p;n' test.txt #奇数行
|
||
sed -n 'n;p' test.txt #偶数行
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<p>方法2：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'1~2p'</span> test.txt <span class="token comment">#奇数行</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'2~2p'</span> test.txt <span class="token comment">#偶数行</span>
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="sed -n '1~2p' test.txt #奇数行
|
||
sed -n '2~2p' test.txt #偶数行
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="打印匹配字符串的下一行"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#打印匹配字符串的下一行"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>打印匹配字符串的下一行</h3>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">grep</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-A</span> <span class="token number">1</span> SCC URFILE
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'/SCC/{n;p}'</span> URFILE
|
||
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token function">awk</span> <span class="token string">'/SCC/{getline; print}'</span> URFILE
|
||
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="grep -A 1 SCC URFILE
|
||
sed -n '/SCC/{n;p}' URFILE
|
||
awk '/SCC/{getline; print}' URFILE
|
||
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
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markdown-style pre:hover .copied:hover {
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markdown-style pre:hover .copied:active,
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markdown-style pre .copied.active {
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markdown-style pre .copied .octicon-copy {
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markdown-style pre .copied .octicon-check {
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markdown-style pre .active .octicon-copy {
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markdown-style pre .active .octicon-check {
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}</style><script>/*! @uiw/copy-to-clipboard v1.0.12 | MIT (c) 2021 Kenny Wang | https://github.com/uiwjs/copy-to-clipboard.git */
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|
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|
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