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<title>ag 命令Linux ag 命令详解ack 的升级版C语言编写更快更人性化 - Linux 命令搜索引擎</title>
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<h1 id="ag"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#ag"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>ag</h1>
<p>ack 的升级版C语言编写更快更人性化</p>
<h2 id="补充说明"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#补充说明"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>补充说明</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>摘自 <a href="https://github.com/ggreer/the_silver_searcher">https://github.com/ggreer/the_silver_searcher</a> 项目的 Readme.md</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>它比ack快一个数量级。</li>
<li>它忽略了你的 <code>.gitignore</code><code>.hgignore</code> 中的文件模式。</li>
<li>如果你的源码库里有你不想搜索的文件,只要把它们的模式添加到一个.ignore文件里。(<em>cough</em> <em>.min.js</em>cough*)</li>
<li>这个命令的名字比ack短33%,而且所有的键都在主行上!</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="语法"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#语法"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>语法</h3>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">ag <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> pattern <span class="token punctuation">[</span>path <span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">ag <span class="token punctuation">[</span>可选项<span class="token punctuation">]</span> 匹配模式 <span class="token punctuation">[</span>路径<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="ag [options] pattern [path ...]
ag [可选项] 匹配模式 [路径...]
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h3 id="选项"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选项"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>选项</h3>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">输出选项:
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"> <span class="token parameter variable">--ackmate</span> 以 AckMate-parseable 的格式显示结果
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"> <span class="token parameter variable">-A</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--after</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token environment constant">LINES</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> 显示匹配行之后的行默认2行
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"> <span class="token parameter variable">-B</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--before</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token environment constant">LINES</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> 显示匹配行之前的行默认2行
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5"> --<span class="token punctuation">[</span>no<span class="token punctuation">]</span>break 不同文件中匹配到的内容新建一行显示(默认开启)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6"> <span class="token parameter variable">-c</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--count</span> 只显示每个文件中匹配到的数量 (通常与匹配行数不同)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7"> --<span class="token punctuation">[</span>no<span class="token punctuation">]</span>color 在结果中打印颜色代码(默认启用)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8"> --color-line-number 行号的颜色代码默认值为1<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token number">33</span>)。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9"> --color-match 匹配结果的颜色代码默认值为30<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token number">43</span>)。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10"> --color-path 路径名称的颜色代码默认值为1<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token number">32</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11"> <span class="token parameter variable">--column</span> 打印结果中的列号
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12"> --<span class="token punctuation">[</span>no<span class="token punctuation">]</span>filename 打印文件名(除非搜索单个文件,否则启用)。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13"> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> --<span class="token punctuation">[</span>no<span class="token punctuation">]</span>heading 在每个文件匹配前输出文件名(默认开启)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14"> <span class="token parameter variable">-C</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--context</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token environment constant">LINES</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> 显示匹配行上下两行默认2行
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="15"> --<span class="token punctuation">[</span>no<span class="token punctuation">]</span>group 和这些一样: --<span class="token punctuation">[</span>no<span class="token punctuation">]</span>break --<span class="token punctuation">[</span>no<span class="token punctuation">]</span>heading
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="16"> <span class="token parameter variable">-g</span> --filename-pattern PATTERN 打印匹配PATTERN的文件名
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="17"> <span class="token parameter variable">-l</span> --files-with-matches 显示包含匹配的文件名(不显示匹配的行)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="18"> <span class="token parameter variable">-L</span> --files-without-matches 只显示不包含匹配项的文件名
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="19"> --print-all-files 打印所有搜索到的文件的标题,甚至那些不包含匹配的文件。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="20"> --<span class="token punctuation">[</span>no<span class="token punctuation">]</span>numbers 打印行号。默认情况是在搜索流时省略行号。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="21"> <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> --only-matching 只输出每行匹配的部分
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="22"> --print-long-lines 在很长的行上打印匹配信息(默认:<span class="token operator">></span>2k字符
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="23"> <span class="token parameter variable">--passthrough</span> 当搜索一个流时,打印所有的行,即使它们不匹配。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="24"> <span class="token parameter variable">--silent</span> 抑制所有的日志信息,包括错误
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="25"> <span class="token parameter variable">--stats</span> 打印统计(扫描的文件、花费的时间等)。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="26"> --stats-only 打印统计信息,不打印其他信息(与搜索单个文件时的--计数相同)。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="27"> <span class="token parameter variable">--vimgrep</span> 像vim的:vimgrep /pattern/g那样打印结果它报告每一行的匹配结果
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="28"> <span class="token parameter variable">-0</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--null</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--print0</span> 用null分隔文件名用于<span class="token string">'xargs -0'</span>)。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="29">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="30">搜索选项:
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="31"> <span class="token parameter variable">-a</span> --all-types 搜索所有文件(包括隐藏文件)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="32"> <span class="token parameter variable">-D</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--debug</span> 可笑的调试(可能没有用)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="33"> <span class="token parameter variable">--depth</span> NUM 目录搜索最大深度默认25
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="34"> <span class="token parameter variable">-f</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--follow</span> 跟随链接进行搜索
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="35"> <span class="token parameter variable">-F</span> --fixed-strings 为了与grep兼容--literal的别名。
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="36"> <span class="token parameter variable">-G</span> --file-search-regex 根据正则匹配搜索指定类型的文件
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="37"> <span class="token parameter variable">--hidden</span> 搜索隐藏文件 (但遵从 .*ignore 文件)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="38"> <span class="token parameter variable">-i</span> --ignore-case 不区分大小写匹配
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="39"> <span class="token parameter variable">--ignore</span> PATTERN 忽略匹配 PATTERN 的文件/目录(也允许使用文字文件/目录名称)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="40"> --ignore-dir NAME 为了与ack兼容--ignore的别名
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="41"> <span class="token parameter variable">-m</span> --max-count NUM 在一个文件中最大匹配的数量(默认: <span class="token number">10,000</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="42"> --one-device 不跟随其他设备的链接搜索
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="43"> <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> --path-to-ignore STRING 在STRING使用.ignore文件
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="44"> <span class="token parameter variable">-Q</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--literal</span> 不要将PATTERN解析为正则表达式
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="45"> <span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> --case-sensitive 敏感地匹配案例
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="46"> <span class="token parameter variable">-S</span> --smart-case 不区分大小写匹配,除非 PATTERN 包含大写字符
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="47"> --search-binary 搜索二进制文件
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="48"> <span class="token parameter variable">-t</span> --all-text 搜索所有文本文件(不包括隐藏文件)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="49"> <span class="token parameter variable">-u</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--unrestricted</span> 搜索所有文件 (忽略 .ignore, .gitignore, 比如:搜索二进制和隐藏文件)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="50"> <span class="token parameter variable">-U</span> --skip-vcs-ignores 忽略VCS的忽略文件指的是 .gitignore.hgignore仍然遵从.ignore
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="51"> <span class="token parameter variable">-v</span> --invert-match 反向匹配
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="52"> <span class="token parameter variable">-w</span> --word-regexp 只匹配整个单词
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="53"> <span class="token parameter variable">-W</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--width</span> NUM 在NUM字符后截断匹配行
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="54"> <span class="token parameter variable">-z</span> --search-zip 搜索压缩文件中的内容
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="55">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="56">文件类型:
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="57">搜索可以限制在某些类型的文件中,例如:
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="58"> ag <span class="token parameter variable">--html</span> needle 结果输出到指定类型文件
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="59"> - 在后缀为 .htm、.html、.shtml 或 .xhtml 的文件中搜索“needle”
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="60">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="61">有关支持的文件类型的列表,可以运行:
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="62"> ag --list-file-types 列出支持的文件类型
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="输出选项:
--ackmate 以 AckMate-parseable 的格式显示结果
-A --after [LINES] 显示匹配行之后的行默认2行
-B --before [LINES] 显示匹配行之前的行默认2行
--[no]break 不同文件中匹配到的内容新建一行显示(默认开启)
-c --count 只显示每个文件中匹配到的数量 (通常与匹配行数不同)
--[no]color 在结果中打印颜色代码(默认启用)
--color-line-number 行号的颜色代码默认值为1;33
--color-match 匹配结果的颜色代码默认值为30;43
--color-path 路径名称的颜色代码默认值为1;32
--column 打印结果中的列号
--[no]filename 打印文件名(除非搜索单个文件,否则启用)。
-H --[no]heading 在每个文件匹配前输出文件名(默认开启)
-C --context [LINES] 显示匹配行上下两行默认2行
--[no]group 和这些一样: --[no]break --[no]heading
-g --filename-pattern PATTERN 打印匹配PATTERN的文件名
-l --files-with-matches 显示包含匹配的文件名(不显示匹配的行)
-L --files-without-matches 只显示不包含匹配项的文件名
--print-all-files 打印所有搜索到的文件的标题,甚至那些不包含匹配的文件。
--[no]numbers 打印行号。默认情况是在搜索流时省略行号。
-o --only-matching 只输出每行匹配的部分
--print-long-lines 在很长的行上打印匹配信息(默认:>2k字符
--passthrough 当搜索一个流时,打印所有的行,即使它们不匹配。
--silent 抑制所有的日志信息,包括错误
--stats 打印统计(扫描的文件、花费的时间等)。
--stats-only 打印统计信息,不打印其他信息(与搜索单个文件时的--计数相同)。
--vimgrep 像vim的:vimgrep /pattern/g那样打印结果它报告每一行的匹配结果
-0 --null --print0 用null分隔文件名用于&#x27;xargs -0&#x27;)。
搜索选项:
-a --all-types 搜索所有文件(包括隐藏文件)
-D --debug 可笑的调试(可能没有用)
--depth NUM 目录搜索最大深度默认25
-f --follow 跟随链接进行搜索
-F --fixed-strings 为了与grep兼容--literal的别名。
-G --file-search-regex 根据正则匹配搜索指定类型的文件
--hidden 搜索隐藏文件 (但遵从 .*ignore 文件)
-i --ignore-case 不区分大小写匹配
--ignore PATTERN 忽略匹配 PATTERN 的文件/目录(也允许使用文字文件/目录名称)
--ignore-dir NAME 为了与ack兼容--ignore的别名
-m --max-count NUM 在一个文件中最大匹配的数量(默认: 10,000
--one-device 不跟随其他设备的链接搜索
-p --path-to-ignore STRING 在STRING使用.ignore文件
-Q --literal 不要将PATTERN解析为正则表达式
-s --case-sensitive 敏感地匹配案例
-S --smart-case 不区分大小写匹配,除非 PATTERN 包含大写字符
--search-binary 搜索二进制文件
-t --all-text 搜索所有文本文件(不包括隐藏文件)
-u --unrestricted 搜索所有文件 (忽略 .ignore, .gitignore, 比如:搜索二进制和隐藏文件)
-U --skip-vcs-ignores 忽略VCS的忽略文件指的是 .gitignore.hgignore仍然遵从.ignore
-v --invert-match 反向匹配
-w --word-regexp 只匹配整个单词
-W --width NUM 在NUM字符后截断匹配行
-z --search-zip 搜索压缩文件中的内容
文件类型:
搜索可以限制在某些类型的文件中,例如:
ag --html needle 结果输出到指定类型文件
- 在后缀为 .htm、.html、.shtml 或 .xhtml 的文件中搜索“needle”
有关支持的文件类型的列表,可以运行:
ag --list-file-types 列出支持的文件类型
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h3 id="实例"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#实例"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>实例</h3>
<p>列出当前目录下包含 <code>npm</code> 的文件</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">➜ vue-project ag <span class="token function">npm</span> ./
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">README.md
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token number">16</span>:npm <span class="token function">install</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token number">22</span>:npm run dev
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5"><span class="token number">28</span>:npm run build
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="➜ vue-project ag npm ./
README.md
16:npm install
22:npm run dev
28:npm run build
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
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