diff --git a/proxy/router/src/lib.rs b/proxy/router/src/lib.rs
index f089cf227..a615ad601 100644
--- a/proxy/router/src/lib.rs
+++ b/proxy/router/src/lib.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 pub struct Router<T>
 where T: Recognize,
 {
-    inner: Arc<Mutex<Inner<T>>>,
+    inner: Arc<Inner<T>>,
 }
 
 /// Provides a strategy for routing a Request to a Service.
@@ -51,11 +51,9 @@ pub trait Recognize {
     ///
     /// The returned service must always be in the ready state (i.e.
     /// `poll_ready` must always return `Ready` or `Err`).
-    fn bind_service(&mut self, key: &Self::Key) -> Result<Self::Service, Self::RouteError>;
+    fn bind_service(&self, key: &Self::Key) -> Result<Self::Service, Self::RouteError>;
 }
 
-pub struct Single<S>(Option<S>);
-
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
 pub enum Error<T, U> {
     Inner(T),
@@ -73,8 +71,13 @@ where T: Recognize,
 struct Inner<T>
 where T: Recognize,
 {
-    routes: IndexMap<T::Key, T::Service>,
     recognize: T,
+    cache: Mutex<Cache<T::Key, T::Service>>,
+}
+
+struct Cache<K: Hash + Eq, V>
+{
+    routes: IndexMap<K, V>,
     capacity: usize,
 }
 
@@ -95,11 +98,13 @@ where T: Recognize
 {
     pub fn new(recognize: T, capacity: usize) -> Self {
         Router {
-            inner: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Inner {
-                routes: IndexMap::default(),
+            inner: Arc::new(Inner {
                 recognize,
-                capacity,
-            })),
+                cache: Mutex::new(Cache {
+                    routes: IndexMap::default(),
+                    capacity,
+                }),
+            }),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -127,34 +132,34 @@ where T: Recognize,
     ///
     /// The response fails when the request cannot be routed.
     fn call(&mut self, request: Self::Request) -> Self::Future {
-        let inner = &mut *self.inner.lock().expect("lock router cache");
-
-        let key = match inner.recognize.recognize(&request) {
+        let key = match self.inner.recognize.recognize(&request) {
             Some(key) => key,
             None => return ResponseFuture::not_recognized(),
         };
 
+        let cache = &mut *self.inner.cache.lock().expect("lock router cache");
+
         // First, try to load a cached route for `key`.
-        if let Some(service) = inner.routes.get_mut(&key) {
+        if let Some(service) = cache.routes.get_mut(&key) {
             return ResponseFuture::new(service.call(request));
         }
 
         // Since there wasn't a cached route, ensure that there is capacity for a
         // new one.
-        if inner.routes.len() == inner.capacity {
+        if cache.routes.len() == cache.capacity {
             // TODO If the cache is full, evict the oldest inactive route. If all
             // routes are active, fail the request.
-            return ResponseFuture::no_capacity(inner.capacity);
+            return ResponseFuture::no_capacity(cache.capacity);
         }
 
         // Bind a new route, send the request on the route, and cache the route.
-        let mut service = match inner.recognize.bind_service(&key) {
+        let mut service = match self.inner.recognize.bind_service(&key) {
             Ok(svc) => svc,
             Err(e) => return ResponseFuture { state: State::RouteError(e) },
         };
 
         let response = service.call(request);
-        inner.routes.insert(key, service);
+        cache.routes.insert(key, service);
         ResponseFuture::new(response)
     }
 }
@@ -167,31 +172,6 @@ where T: Recognize,
     }
 }
 
-// ===== impl Single =====
-
-impl<S: Service> Single<S> {
-    pub fn new(svc: S) -> Self {
-        Single(Some(svc))
-    }
-}
-
-impl<S: Service> Recognize for Single<S> {
-    type Request = S::Request;
-    type Response = S::Response;
-    type Error = S::Error;
-    type Key = ();
-    type RouteError = ();
-    type Service = S;
-
-    fn recognize(&self, _: &Self::Request) -> Option<Self::Key> {
-        Some(())
-    }
-
-    fn bind_service(&mut self, _: &Self::Key) -> Result<S, Self::RouteError> {
-        Ok(self.0.take().expect("static route bound twice"))
-    }
-}
-
 // ===== impl ResponseFuture =====
 
 impl<T> ResponseFuture<T>
@@ -305,7 +285,7 @@ mod tests {
             }
         }
 
-        fn bind_service(&mut self, _: &Self::Key) -> Result<Self::Service, Self::RouteError> {
+        fn bind_service(&self, _: &Self::Key) -> Result<Self::Service, Self::RouteError> {
             Ok(MultiplyAndAssign(1))
         }
     }
diff --git a/proxy/src/control/mod.rs b/proxy/src/control/mod.rs
index 6fd972597..884f11a3a 100644
--- a/proxy/src/control/mod.rs
+++ b/proxy/src/control/mod.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ use self::discovery::{Background as DiscoBg, Discovery, Watch};
 pub use self::discovery::Bind;
 pub use self::observe::Observe;
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Control {
     disco: Discovery,
 }
diff --git a/proxy/src/inbound.rs b/proxy/src/inbound.rs
index 77941e721..6e338dc67 100644
--- a/proxy/src/inbound.rs
+++ b/proxy/src/inbound.rs
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ where
     ///
     /// Buffering is currently unbounded and does not apply timeouts. This must be
     /// changed.
-    fn bind_service(&mut self, key: &Self::Key) -> Result<Self::Service, Self::RouteError> {
+    fn bind_service(&self, key: &Self::Key) -> Result<Self::Service, Self::RouteError> {
         let &(ref addr, ref proto) = key;
         debug!("building inbound {:?} client to {}", proto, addr);
 
diff --git a/proxy/src/outbound.rs b/proxy/src/outbound.rs
index d0deea4a3..7ad3150ce 100644
--- a/proxy/src/outbound.rs
+++ b/proxy/src/outbound.rs
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ where
     /// Buffering is currently unbounded and does not apply timeouts. This must be
     /// changed.
     fn bind_service(
-        &mut self,
+        &self,
         key: &Self::Key,
     ) -> Result<Self::Service, Self::RouteError> {
         let &(ref dest, ref protocol) = key;