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# Semantic Conventions for RabbitMQ

**Status**: [Experimental][DocumentStatus]

The Semantic Conventions for [RabbitMQ](https://www.rabbitmq.com/) extend and override the [Messaging Semantic Conventions](README.md)
that describe common messaging operations attributes in addition to the Semantic Conventions
described on this page.

`messaging.system` MUST be set to `"rabbitmq"` and SHOULD be provided **at span creation time**.

## RabbitMQ attributes

In RabbitMQ, the destination is defined by an *exchange* and a *routing key*.
`messaging.destination.name` MUST be set to the name of the exchange. This will be an empty string if the default exchange is used.

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| Attribute  | Type | Description  | Examples  | [Requirement Level](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/general/attribute-requirement-level/) | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [`messaging.operation.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md) | string | The system-specific name of the messaging operation. | `ack`; `nack`; `send` | `Required` | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| [`error.type`](/docs/attributes-registry/error.md) | string | Describes a class of error the operation ended with. [1] | `amqp:decode-error`; `KAFKA_STORAGE_ERROR`; `channel-error` | `Conditionally Required` If and only if the messaging operation has failed. | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`messaging.destination.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md) | string | The message destination name [2] | `MyQueue`; `MyTopic` | `Conditionally Required` [3] | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| [`messaging.operation.type`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md) | string | A string identifying the type of the messaging operation. [4] | `publish`; `create`; `receive` | `Conditionally Required` If applicable. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| [`messaging.rabbitmq.destination.routing_key`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md) | string | RabbitMQ message routing key. | `myKey` | `Conditionally Required` If not empty. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| [`messaging.rabbitmq.message.delivery_tag`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md) | int | RabbitMQ message delivery tag | `123` | `Conditionally Required` When available. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| [`server.address`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md) | string | Server domain name if available without reverse DNS lookup; otherwise, IP address or Unix domain socket name. [5] | `example.com`; `10.1.2.80`; `/tmp/my.sock` | `Conditionally Required` If available. | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`messaging.message.body.size`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md) | int | The size of the message body in bytes. [6] | `1439` | `Recommended` | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| [`messaging.message.conversation_id`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md) | string | Message [correlation Id](https://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-six-java#correlation-id) property. | `MyConversationId` | `Recommended` | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| [`messaging.message.id`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md) | string | A value used by the messaging system as an identifier for the message, represented as a string. | `452a7c7c7c7048c2f887f61572b18fc2` | `Recommended` If span describes operation on a single message. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| [`network.peer.address`](/docs/attributes-registry/network.md) | string | Peer address of the network connection - IP address or Unix domain socket name. [7] | `10.1.2.80`; `/tmp/my.sock` | `Recommended` | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`network.peer.port`](/docs/attributes-registry/network.md) | int | Peer port number of the network connection. | `65123` | `Recommended` | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`server.port`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md) | int | Server port number. [8] | `80`; `8080`; `443` | `Recommended` | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |

**[1]:** The `error.type` SHOULD be predictable, and SHOULD have low cardinality.

When `error.type` is set to a type (e.g., an exception type), its
canonical class name identifying the type within the artifact SHOULD be used.

Instrumentations SHOULD document the list of errors they report.

The cardinality of `error.type` within one instrumentation library SHOULD be low.
Telemetry consumers that aggregate data from multiple instrumentation libraries and applications
should be prepared for `error.type` to have high cardinality at query time when no
additional filters are applied.

If the operation has completed successfully, instrumentations SHOULD NOT set `error.type`.

If a specific domain defines its own set of error identifiers (such as HTTP or gRPC status codes),
it's RECOMMENDED to:

* Use a domain-specific attribute
* Set `error.type` to capture all errors, regardless of whether they are defined within the domain-specific set or not.

**[2]:** Destination name SHOULD uniquely identify a specific queue, topic or other entity within the broker. If
the broker doesn't have such notion, the destination name SHOULD uniquely identify the broker.

**[3]:** If span describes operation on a single message or if the value applies to all messages in the batch.

**[4]:** If a custom value is used, it MUST be of low cardinality.

**[5]:** Server domain name of the broker if available without reverse DNS lookup; otherwise, IP address or Unix domain socket name.

**[6]:** This can refer to both the compressed or uncompressed body size. If both sizes are known, the uncompressed
body size should be used.

**[7]:** If an operation involved multiple network calls (for example retries), the address of the last contacted node SHOULD be used.

**[8]:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.port` SHOULD represent the server port behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.



The following attributes can be important for making sampling decisions
and SHOULD be provided **at span creation time** (if provided at all):

* [`messaging.destination.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md)
* [`messaging.operation.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md)
* [`messaging.operation.type`](/docs/attributes-registry/messaging.md)
* [`server.address`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md)
* [`server.port`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md)

`error.type` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.

| Value  | Description | Stability |
|---|---|---|
| `_OTHER` | A fallback error value to be used when the instrumentation doesn't define a custom value. | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |


`messaging.operation.type` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.

| Value  | Description | Stability |
|---|---|---|
| `create` | A message is created. "Create" spans always refer to a single message and are used to provide a unique creation context for messages in batch publishing scenarios. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| `process` | One or more messages are processed by a consumer. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| `publish` | One or more messages are provided for publishing to an intermediary. If a single message is published, the context of the "Publish" span can be used as the creation context and no "Create" span needs to be created. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| `receive` | One or more messages are requested by a consumer. This operation refers to pull-based scenarios, where consumers explicitly call methods of messaging SDKs to receive messages. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |
| `settle` | One or more messages are settled. | ![Experimental](https://img.shields.io/badge/-experimental-blue) |



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[DocumentStatus]: https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/document-status
