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# Semantic conventions for Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

**Status**: [Development][DocumentStatus]

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- [Spans](#spans)
  - [Example](#example)
- [Metrics](#metrics)
  - [Metric: `db.client.operation.duration`](#metric-dbclientoperationduration)
  - [Metric: `db.client.response.returned_rows`](#metric-dbclientresponsereturned_rows)
  - [Metric: `azure.cosmosdb.client.operation.request_charge`](#metric-azurecosmosdbclientoperationrequest_charge)
  - [Metric: `azure.cosmosdb.client.active_instance.count`](#metric-azurecosmosdbclientactive_instancecount)

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The Semantic Conventions for [Microsoft Cosmos DB](https://azure.microsoft.com/products/cosmos-db/)
extend and override the [Database Semantic Conventions](README.md).

## Spans

Cosmos DB instrumentations include call-level spans that represent logical database
calls and adhere to the general [Semantic Conventions for Database Client Spans](database-spans.md).

Additional spans representing network calls may also be created depending on the connection mode (Gateway or Direct). Semantic conventions described in this document apply to the call-level spans only.

The following table outlines the span attributes applicable to Cosmos DB.

`db.system.name` MUST be set to `"azure.cosmosdb"` and SHOULD be provided **at span creation time**.

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| Attribute  | Type | Description  | Examples  | [Requirement Level](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/general/attribute-requirement-level/) | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [`azure.cosmosdb.connection.mode`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | string | Cosmos client connection mode. | `gateway`; `direct` | `Conditionally Required` [1] | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`azure.cosmosdb.consistency.level`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | string | Account or request [consistency level](https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/consistency-levels). | `Eventual`; `ConsistentPrefix`; `BoundedStaleness`; `Strong`; `Session` | `Conditionally Required` If available. | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`azure.cosmosdb.operation.contacted_regions`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | string[] | List of regions contacted during operation in the order that they were contacted. If there is more than one region listed, it indicates that the operation was performed on multiple regions i.e. cross-regional call. [2] | `["North Central US", "Australia East", "Australia Southeast"]` | `Conditionally Required` If available. | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`azure.cosmosdb.operation.request_charge`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | double | The number of request units consumed by the operation. | `46.18`; `1.0` | `Conditionally Required` when available | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`azure.cosmosdb.response.sub_status_code`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | int | Cosmos DB sub status code. | `1000`; `1002` | `Conditionally Required` when response was received and contained sub-code. | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`db.collection.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | Cosmos DB container name. [3] | `public.users`; `customers` | `Conditionally Required` if available | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`db.namespace`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | The name of the database, fully qualified within the server address and port. | `customers`; `test.users` | `Conditionally Required` If available. | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`db.operation.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | The name of the operation or command being executed. [4] | `create_item`; `query_items`; `read_item` | `Conditionally Required` [5] | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`db.response.returned_rows`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | int | Cosmos DB row count in result set. | `10`; `20` | `Conditionally Required` if response was received and returned any rows | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`db.response.status_code`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | Cosmos DB status code. [6] | `200`; `201` | `Conditionally Required` if response was received | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`error.type`](/docs/attributes-registry/error.md) | string | Describes a class of error the operation ended with. [7] | `timeout`; `java.net.UnknownHostException`; `server_certificate_invalid`; `500` | `Conditionally Required` If and only if the operation failed. | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`server.port`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md) | int | Server port number. [8] | `80`; `8080`; `443` | `Conditionally Required` If not default (443). | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`az.namespace`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | string | [Azure Resource Provider Namespace](https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/azure-services-resource-providers) as recognized by the client. [9] | `Microsoft.DocumentDB` | `Recommended` | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`azure.client.id`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | string | The unique identifier of the client instance. | `3ba4827d-4422-483f-b59f-85b74211c11d`; `storage-client-1` | `Recommended` | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`azure.cosmosdb.request.body.size`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | int | Request payload size in bytes. |  | `Recommended` | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`db.operation.batch.size`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | int | The number of queries included in a batch operation. [10] | `2`; `3`; `4` | `Recommended` | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`db.query.summary`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | Low cardinality representation of a database query text. [11] | `SELECT wuser_table`; `INSERT shipping_details SELECT orders`; `get user by id` | `Recommended` [12] | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`db.query.text`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | The database query being executed. [13] | `SELECT * FROM wuser_table where username = ?`; `SET mykey ?` | `Recommended` [14] | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`server.address`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md) | string | Name of the database host. [15] | `example.com`; `10.1.2.80`; `/tmp/my.sock` | `Recommended` | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`user_agent.original`](/docs/attributes-registry/user-agent.md) | string | Full user-agent string is generated by Cosmos DB SDK [16] | `cosmos-netstandard-sdk/3.23.0\|3.23.1\|1\|X64\|Linux 5.4.0-1098-azure 104 18\|.NET Core 3.1.32\|S\|` | `Recommended` | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`db.operation.parameter.<key>`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | A database operation parameter, with `<key>` being the parameter name, and the attribute value being a string representation of the parameter value. [17] | `someval`; `55` | `Opt-In` | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |

**[1] `azure.cosmosdb.connection.mode`:** if not `gateway` (the default value is assumed to be `gateway`).

**[2] `azure.cosmosdb.operation.contacted_regions`:** Region name matches the format of `displayName` in [Azure Location API](https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/subscription/subscriptions/list-locations?view=rest-subscription-2021-10-01&tabs=HTTP#location)

**[3] `db.collection.name`:** It is RECOMMENDED to capture the value as provided by the application without attempting to do any case normalization.

**[4] `db.operation.name`:** The `db.operation.name` has the following list of well-known values.
If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used.

Batch operations:

- `execute_batch`

Bulk operations:

- `execute_bulk` SHOULD be used on spans reported for methods like
  [`executeBulkOperations`](https://javadoc.io/doc/com.azure/azure-cosmos/latest/com/azure/cosmos/CosmosAsyncContainer.html#executeBulkOperations)).
  which represents a bulk execution of multiple operations.
- `bulk_{operation name}` (`bulk_create_item`, `bulk_upsert_item`, etc) SHOULD be used on spans describing individual operations (when they are reported)
  within the bulk. This pattern SHOULD be used when instrumentation creates span per each operation, but operations are buffered and then performed in bulk.
  For example, this applies when [`AllowBulkExecution`](https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/api/microsoft.azure.cosmos.cosmosclientoptions.allowbulkexecution)
  property is configured on the `Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos` client.

Change feed operations:

- `query_change_feed`

Conflicts operations:

- `delete_conflict`
- `query_conflicts`
- `read_all_conflicts`
- `read_conflict`

Container operations:

- `create_container`
- `create_container_if_not_exists`
- `delete_container`
- `query_containers`
- `read_all_containers`
- `read_container`
- `read_container_throughput`
- `replace_container`
- `replace_container_throughput`

Database operations:

- `create_database`
- `create_database_if_not_exists`
- `delete_database`
- `query_databases`
- `read_all_databases`
- `read_database`
- `read_database_throughput`
- `replace_database_throughput`

Encryption key operations:

- `create_client_encryption_key`
- `query_client_encryption_keys`
- `read_all_client_encryption_keys`
- `read_client_encryption_key`
- `replace_client_encryption_key`

Item operations:

- `create_item`
- `delete_all_items_by_partition_key`
- `delete_item`
- `patch_item`
- `query_items`
- `read_all_items`
- `read_all_items_of_logical_partition`
- `read_many_items`
- `read_item`
- `replace_item`
- `upsert_item`

Permission operations:

- `create_permission`
- `delete_permission`
- `query_permissions`
- `read_all_permissions`
- `read_permission`
- `replace_permission`
- `upsert_permission`

Stored procedure operations:

- `create_stored_procedure`
- `delete_stored_procedure`
- `execute_stored_procedure`
- `query_stored_procedures`
- `read_all_stored_procedures`
- `read_stored_procedure`
- `replace_stored_procedure`

Trigger operations:

- `create_trigger`
- `delete_trigger`
- `query_triggers`
- `read_all_triggers`
- `read_trigger`
- `replace_trigger`

User operations:

- `create_user`
- `delete_user`
- `query_users`
- `read_all_users`
- `read_user`
- `replace_user`
- `upsert_user`

User-defined function operations:

- `create_user_defined_function`
- `delete_user_defined_function`
- `query_user_defined_functions`
- `read_all_user_defined_functions`
- `read_user_defined_function`

If none of them applies, it's RECOMMENDED to use language-agnostic representation of
client method name in snake_case. Instrumentations SHOULD document
additional values when introducing new operations.

**[5] `db.operation.name`:** If readily available and if there is a single operation name that describes the database call.

**[6] `db.response.status_code`:** Response codes in the 4xx and 5xx range SHOULD be considered errors.

**[7] `error.type`:** The `error.type` SHOULD match the `db.response.status_code` returned by the database or the client library, or the canonical name of exception that occurred.
When using canonical exception type name, instrumentation SHOULD do the best effort to report the most relevant type. For example, if the original exception is wrapped into a generic one, the original exception SHOULD be preferred.
Instrumentations SHOULD document how `error.type` is populated.

**[8] `server.port`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.port` SHOULD represent the server port behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.

**[9] `az.namespace`:** When `az.namespace` attribute is populated, it MUST be set to `Microsoft.DocumentDB` for all operations performed by Cosmos DB client.

**[10] `db.operation.batch.size`:** Operations are only considered batches when they contain two or more operations, and so `db.operation.batch.size` SHOULD never be `1`.

**[11] `db.query.summary`:** `db.query.summary` provides static summary of the query text. It describes a class of database queries and is useful as a grouping key, especially when analyzing telemetry for database calls involving complex queries.
Summary may be available to the instrumentation through instrumentation hooks or other means. If it is not available, instrumentations that support query parsing SHOULD generate a summary following [Generating query summary](../database/database-spans.md#generating-a-summary-of-the-query-text) section.

**[12] `db.query.summary`:** if readily available or if instrumentation supports query summarization.

**[13] `db.query.text`:** For sanitization see [Sanitization of `db.query.text`](../database/database-spans.md#sanitization-of-dbquerytext).
For batch operations, if the individual operations are known to have the same query text then that query text SHOULD be used, otherwise all of the individual query texts SHOULD be concatenated with separator `; ` or some other database system specific separator if more applicable.
Even though parameterized query text can potentially have sensitive data, by using a parameterized query the user is giving a strong signal that any sensitive data will be passed as parameter values, and the benefit to observability of capturing the static part of the query text by default outweighs the risk.

**[14] `db.query.text`:** Non-parameterized query text SHOULD NOT be collected by default unless there is sanitization that excludes sensitive data, e.g. by redacting all literal values present in the query text. See [Sanitization of `db.query.text`](../database/database-spans.md#sanitization-of-dbquerytext).
Parameterized query text SHOULD be collected by default (the query parameter values themselves are opt-in, see [`db.operation.parameter.<key>`](../attributes-registry/db.md)).

**[15] `server.address`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.address` SHOULD represent the server address behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.

**[16] `user_agent.original`:** The user-agent value is generated by SDK which is a combination of<br> `sdk_version` : Current version of SDK. e.g. 'cosmos-netstandard-sdk/3.23.0'<br> `direct_pkg_version` : Direct package version used by Cosmos DB SDK. e.g. '3.23.1'<br> `number_of_client_instances` : Number of cosmos client instances created by the application. e.g. '1'<br> `type_of_machine_architecture` : Machine architecture. e.g. 'X64'<br> `operating_system` : Operating System. e.g. 'Linux 5.4.0-1098-azure 104 18'<br> `runtime_framework` : Runtime Framework. e.g. '.NET Core 3.1.32'<br> `failover_information` : Generated key to determine if region failover enabled.
   Format Reg-{D (Disabled discovery)}-S(application region)|L(List of preferred regions)|N(None, user did not configure it).
   Default value is "NS".

**[17] `db.operation.parameter`:** If a parameter has no name and instead is referenced only by index, then `<key>` SHOULD be the 0-based index.
If `db.query.text` is also captured, then `db.operation.parameter.<key>` SHOULD match up with the parameterized placeholders present in `db.query.text`.

The following attributes can be important for making sampling decisions
and SHOULD be provided **at span creation time** (if provided at all):

* [`db.collection.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md)
* [`db.namespace`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md)
* [`db.operation.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md)
* [`db.query.summary`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md)
* [`db.query.text`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md)
* [`server.address`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md)
* [`server.port`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md)

---

`azure.cosmosdb.connection.mode` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.

| Value  | Description | Stability |
|---|---|---|
| `direct` | Direct connection. | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `gateway` | Gateway (HTTP) connection. | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |

---

`azure.cosmosdb.consistency.level` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.

| Value  | Description | Stability |
|---|---|---|
| `BoundedStaleness` | bounded_staleness | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `ConsistentPrefix` | consistent_prefix | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `Eventual` | eventual | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `Session` | session | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `Strong` | strong | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |

---

`error.type` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.

| Value  | Description | Stability |
|---|---|---|
| `_OTHER` | A fallback error value to be used when the instrumentation doesn't define a custom value. | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |

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### Example

| Key                                  | Value |
|:-------------------------------------| :------------------- |
| Span name                            | `"read_item orders"` |
| `az.namespace`                       | `"Microsoft.DocumentDB"` |
| `azure.client.id`                    | `"3ba4827d-4422-483f-b59f-85b74211c11d"` |
| `azure.cosmosdb.operation.request_charge`  | `7.43` |
| `azure.cosmosdb.request.body.size`   | `20` |
| `azure.cosmosdb.response.sub_status_code` | `0` |
| `db.system.name`                     | `"azure.cosmosdb"` |
| `db.collection.name`                 | `"orders"` |
| `db.namespace`                       | `"ShopDb"` |
| `db.operation.name`                  | `"read_item"` |
| `db.response.status_code`            | `201` |
| `server.address`                     | `"account.documents.azure.com"` |
| `user_agent.original`                | `"cosmos-netstandard-sdk/3.23.0\|3.23.1\|1\|X64\|Linux 5.4.0-1098-azure 104 18\|.NET Core 3.1.32\|S\|"` |

## Metrics

The following metrics provide insights into Azure Cosmos DB client operation performance and behavior.

### Metric: `db.client.operation.duration`

This metric is [required][MetricRequired].

It captures the total time taken by an Azure Cosmos DB operation. This metric follows the common [db.client.operation.duration](/docs/database/database-metrics.md#metric-dbclientoperationduration) definition.

Refer [azure.cosmosdb.client.operation.request_charge](#metric-azurecosmosdbclientoperationrequest_charge) metrics for dimensions.

### Metric: `db.client.response.returned_rows`

This metric is [required][MetricRequired].

It captures the number of items returned by a query or feed operation in Azure Cosmos DB. It helps identify response sizes that may contribute to high latency, increased memory/CPU usage, or network call failures. This metric follows the common [`db.client.response.returned_rows`](/docs/database/database-metrics.md#metric-dbclientresponsereturned_rows) definition.

Refer [azure.cosmosdb.client.operation.request_charge](#metric-azurecosmosdbclientoperationrequest_charge) metrics for dimensions.

### Metric: `azure.cosmosdb.client.operation.request_charge`

This metric is [required][MetricRequired].

It captures the Request Units consumed by each operation in Azure Cosmos DB. Since Request Units serve as a form of throughput control within the Azure Cosmos DB database, monitoring their usage is crucial to avoid throttling.

this metric SHOULD be specified with
[`ExplicitBucketBoundaries`](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/tree/v1.43.0/specification/metrics/api.md#instrument-advisory-parameters)
of `[ 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000]`.

Explaining bucket configuration:

1. 1, 5, 10: Low Usage Levels, These smaller buckets allow for precise tracking of operations that consume a minimal number of Request Units. This is important for lightweight operations, such as basic read requests or small queries, where resource utilization should be optimized. Monitoring these low usage levels can help ensure that the application is not inadvertently using more resources than necessary.
2. 25, 50: Moderate Usage Levels, These ranges capture more moderate operations, which are typical in many applications. For example, queries that return a reasonable amount of data or perform standard CRUD operations may fall within these limits. Identifying usage patterns in these buckets can help detect efficiency issues in routine operations.
3. 100, 250: Higher Usage Levels, These boundaries represent operations that may require significant resources, such as complex queries or larger transactions. Monitoring RUs in these ranges can help identify performance bottlenecks or costly queries that might lead to throttling.
4. 500, 1000: Very High Usage Levels, These buckets capture operations that consume a substantial number of Request Units, which may indicate potentially expensive queries or batch processes. Understanding the frequency and patterns of such high RU usage can be critical in optimizing performance and ensuring the application remains within provisioned throughput limits.

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| Name     | Instrument Type | Unit (UCUM) | Description    | Stability |
| -------- | --------------- | ----------- | -------------- | --------- |
| `azure.cosmosdb.client.operation.request_charge` | Histogram | `{request_unit}` | [Request units](https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/request-units) consumed by the operation | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |

| Attribute  | Type | Description  | Examples  | [Requirement Level](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/general/attribute-requirement-level/) | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [`azure.cosmosdb.consistency.level`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | string | Account or request [consistency level](https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/consistency-levels). | `Eventual`; `ConsistentPrefix`; `BoundedStaleness`; `Strong`; `Session` | `Conditionally Required` If available. | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`azure.cosmosdb.response.sub_status_code`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | int | Cosmos DB sub status code. | `1000`; `1002` | `Conditionally Required` when response was received and contained sub-code. | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`db.collection.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | Cosmos DB container name. [1] | `public.users`; `customers` | `Conditionally Required` If available. | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`db.namespace`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | The name of the database, fully qualified within the server address and port. | `customers`; `test.users` | `Conditionally Required` If available. | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`db.operation.name`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | The name of the operation or command being executed. [2] | `findAndModify`; `HMSET`; `SELECT` | `Conditionally Required` If readily available. | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`db.response.status_code`](/docs/attributes-registry/db.md) | string | Database response status code. [3] | `102`; `ORA-17002`; `08P01`; `404` | `Conditionally Required` [4] | ![Release Candidate](https://img.shields.io/badge/-rc-mediumorchid) |
| [`error.type`](/docs/attributes-registry/error.md) | string | Describes a class of error the operation ended with. [5] | `timeout`; `java.net.UnknownHostException`; `server_certificate_invalid`; `500` | `Conditionally Required` If and only if the operation failed. | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`server.port`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md) | int | Server port number. [6] | `80`; `8080`; `443` | `Conditionally Required` [7] | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`azure.cosmosdb.operation.contacted_regions`](/docs/attributes-registry/azure.md) | string[] | List of regions contacted during operation in the order that they were contacted. If there is more than one region listed, it indicates that the operation was performed on multiple regions i.e. cross-regional call. [8] | `["North Central US", "Australia East", "Australia Southeast"]` | `Recommended` If available | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| [`server.address`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md) | string | Name of the database host. [9] | `example.com`; `10.1.2.80`; `/tmp/my.sock` | `Recommended` | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |

**[1] `db.collection.name`:** It is RECOMMENDED to capture the value as provided by the application without attempting to do any case normalization.

**[2] `db.operation.name`:** It is RECOMMENDED to capture the value as provided by the application
without attempting to do any case normalization.

The operation name SHOULD NOT be extracted from `db.query.text`,
when the database system supports cross-table queries in non-batch operations.

For batch operations, if the individual operations are known to have the same operation name
then that operation name SHOULD be used prepended by `BATCH `,
otherwise `db.operation.name` SHOULD be `BATCH` or some other database
system specific term if more applicable.

**[3] `db.response.status_code`:** The status code returned by the database. Usually it represents an error code, but may also represent partial success, warning, or differentiate between various types of successful outcomes.
Semantic conventions for individual database systems SHOULD document what `db.response.status_code` means in the context of that system.

**[4] `db.response.status_code`:** If the operation failed and status code is available.

**[5] `error.type`:** The `error.type` SHOULD match the `db.response.status_code` returned by the database or the client library, or the canonical name of exception that occurred.
When using canonical exception type name, instrumentation SHOULD do the best effort to report the most relevant type. For example, if the original exception is wrapped into a generic one, the original exception SHOULD be preferred.
Instrumentations SHOULD document how `error.type` is populated.

**[6] `server.port`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.port` SHOULD represent the server port behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.

**[7] `server.port`:** If using a port other than the default port for this DBMS and if `server.address` is set.

**[8] `azure.cosmosdb.operation.contacted_regions`:** Region name matches the format of `displayName` in [Azure Location API](https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/subscription/subscriptions/list-locations?view=rest-subscription-2021-10-01&tabs=HTTP#location)

**[9] `server.address`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.address` SHOULD represent the server address behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.

---

`azure.cosmosdb.consistency.level` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.

| Value  | Description | Stability |
|---|---|---|
| `BoundedStaleness` | bounded_staleness | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `ConsistentPrefix` | consistent_prefix | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `Eventual` | eventual | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `Session` | session | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |
| `Strong` | strong | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |

---

`error.type` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.

| Value  | Description | Stability |
|---|---|---|
| `_OTHER` | A fallback error value to be used when the instrumentation doesn't define a custom value. | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |

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### Metric: `azure.cosmosdb.client.active_instance.count`

This metric is [required][MetricRequired].

It captures the number of active instances at any given time. Best practices dictate that there should ideally be only one instance of the SDK client per Azure Cosmos DB account. Having multiple instances of the SDK client for the same account in a single process can lead to CPU or memory-related issues.

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| Name     | Instrument Type | Unit (UCUM) | Description    | Stability |
| -------- | --------------- | ----------- | -------------- | --------- |
| `azure.cosmosdb.client.active_instance.count` | UpDownCounter | `{instance}` | Number of active client instances | ![Development](https://img.shields.io/badge/-development-blue) |

| Attribute  | Type | Description  | Examples  | [Requirement Level](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/general/attribute-requirement-level/) | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [`server.port`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md) | int | Server port number. [1] | `80`; `8080`; `443` | `Conditionally Required` [2] | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |
| [`server.address`](/docs/attributes-registry/server.md) | string | Name of the database host. [3] | `example.com`; `10.1.2.80`; `/tmp/my.sock` | `Recommended` | ![Stable](https://img.shields.io/badge/-stable-lightgreen) |

**[1] `server.port`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.port` SHOULD represent the server port behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.

**[2] `server.port`:** If using a port other than the default port for this DBMS and if `server.address` is set.

**[3] `server.address`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.address` SHOULD represent the server address behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.

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[DocumentStatus]: https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/document-status
[MetricRequired]: /docs/general/metric-requirement-level.md#required
