307 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
307 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
<!--- Hugo front matter used to generate the website version of this page:
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linkTitle: Spans
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--->
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# Semantic conventions for generative client AI spans
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**Status**: [Development][DocumentStatus]
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<!-- toc -->
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- [Spans](#spans)
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- [Inference](#inference)
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- [Embeddings](#embeddings)
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- [Execute tool span](#execute-tool-span)
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- [Capturing inputs and outputs](#capturing-inputs-and-outputs)
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<!-- tocstop -->
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## Spans
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### Inference
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**Status:** 
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This span represents a client call to Generative AI model or service that generates a response or requests a tool call based on the input prompt.
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**Span name** SHOULD be `{gen_ai.operation.name} {gen_ai.request.model}`.
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Semantic conventions for individual GenAI systems and frameworks MAY specify different span name format
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and MUST follow the overall [guidelines for span names](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/tree/v1.37.0/specification/trace/api.md#span).
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**Span kind** SHOULD be `CLIENT`and MAY be set to `INTERNAL` on spans representing
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call to models running in the same process. It's RECOMMENDED to use `CLIENT` kind
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when the GenAI system being instrumented usually runs in a different process than its
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client or when the GenAI call happens over instrumented protocol such as HTTP.
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**Span status** SHOULD follow the [Recording Errors](/docs/general/recording-errors.md) document.
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| Attribute | Type | Description | Examples | [Requirement Level](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/general/attribute-requirement-level/) | Stability |
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| [`gen_ai.operation.name`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The name of the operation being performed. [1] | `chat`; `generate_content`; `text_completion` | `Required` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.system`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The Generative AI product as identified by the client or server instrumentation. [2] | `openai` | `Required` |  |
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| [`error.type`](/docs/registry/attributes/error.md) | string | Describes a class of error the operation ended with. [3] | `timeout`; `java.net.UnknownHostException`; `server_certificate_invalid`; `500` | `Conditionally Required` if the operation ended in an error |  |
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| [`gen_ai.conversation.id`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The unique identifier for a conversation (session, thread), used to store and correlate messages within this conversation. [4] | `conv_5j66UpCpwteGg4YSxUnt7lPY` | `Conditionally Required` when available |  |
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| [`gen_ai.output.type`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | Represents the content type requested by the client. [5] | `text`; `json`; `image` | `Conditionally Required` [6] |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.choice.count`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | int | The target number of candidate completions to return. | `3` | `Conditionally Required` if available, in the request, and !=1 |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.model`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The name of the GenAI model a request is being made to. [7] | `gpt-4` | `Conditionally Required` If available. |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.seed`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | int | Requests with same seed value more likely to return same result. | `100` | `Conditionally Required` if applicable and if the request includes a seed |  |
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| [`server.port`](/docs/registry/attributes/server.md) | int | GenAI server port. [8] | `80`; `8080`; `443` | `Conditionally Required` If `server.address` is set. |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.frequency_penalty`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | double | The frequency penalty setting for the GenAI request. | `0.1` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.max_tokens`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | int | The maximum number of tokens the model generates for a request. | `100` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.presence_penalty`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | double | The presence penalty setting for the GenAI request. | `0.1` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.stop_sequences`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string[] | List of sequences that the model will use to stop generating further tokens. | `["forest", "lived"]` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.temperature`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | double | The temperature setting for the GenAI request. | `0.0` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.top_k`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | double | The top_k sampling setting for the GenAI request. | `1.0` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.top_p`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | double | The top_p sampling setting for the GenAI request. | `1.0` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.response.finish_reasons`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string[] | Array of reasons the model stopped generating tokens, corresponding to each generation received. | `["stop"]`; `["stop", "length"]` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.response.id`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The unique identifier for the completion. | `chatcmpl-123` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.response.model`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The name of the model that generated the response. [9] | `gpt-4-0613` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.usage.input_tokens`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | int | The number of tokens used in the GenAI input (prompt). | `100` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.usage.output_tokens`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | int | The number of tokens used in the GenAI response (completion). | `180` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`server.address`](/docs/registry/attributes/server.md) | string | GenAI server address. [10] | `example.com`; `10.1.2.80`; `/tmp/my.sock` | `Recommended` |  |
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**[1] `gen_ai.operation.name`:** If one of the predefined values applies, but specific system uses a different name it's RECOMMENDED to document it in the semantic conventions for specific GenAI system and use system-specific name in the instrumentation. If a different name is not documented, instrumentation libraries SHOULD use applicable predefined value.
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**[2] `gen_ai.system`:** The `gen_ai.system` describes a family of GenAI models with specific model identified
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by `gen_ai.request.model` and `gen_ai.response.model` attributes.
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The actual GenAI product may differ from the one identified by the client.
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Multiple systems, including Azure OpenAI and Gemini, are accessible by OpenAI client
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libraries. In such cases, the `gen_ai.system` is set to `openai` based on the
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instrumentation's best knowledge, instead of the actual system. The `server.address`
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attribute may help identify the actual system in use for `openai`.
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For custom model, a custom friendly name SHOULD be used.
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If none of these options apply, the `gen_ai.system` SHOULD be set to `_OTHER`.
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**[3] `error.type`:** The `error.type` SHOULD match the error code returned by the Generative AI provider or the client library,
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the canonical name of exception that occurred, or another low-cardinality error identifier.
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Instrumentations SHOULD document the list of errors they report.
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**[4] `gen_ai.conversation.id`:** Instrumentations SHOULD populate conversation id when they have it readily available
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for a given operation, for example:
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- when client framework being instrumented manages conversation history
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(see [LlamaIndex chat store](https://docs.llamaindex.ai/en/stable/module_guides/storing/chat_stores/))
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- when instrumenting GenAI client libraries that maintain conversation on the backend side
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(see [AWS Bedrock agent sessions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/bedrock/latest/userguide/agents-session-state.html),
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[OpenAI Assistant threads](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/threads))
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Application developers that manage conversation history MAY add conversation id to GenAI and other
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spans or logs using custom span or log record processors or hooks provided by instrumentation
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libraries.
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**[5] `gen_ai.output.type`:** This attribute SHOULD be used when the client requests output of a specific type. The model may return zero or more outputs of this type.
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This attribute specifies the output modality and not the actual output format. For example, if an image is requested, the actual output could be a URL pointing to an image file.
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Additional output format details may be recorded in the future in the `gen_ai.output.{type}.*` attributes.
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**[6] `gen_ai.output.type`:** when applicable and if the request includes an output format.
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**[7] `gen_ai.request.model`:** The name of the GenAI model a request is being made to. If the model is supplied by a vendor, then the value must be the exact name of the model requested. If the model is a fine-tuned custom model, the value should have a more specific name than the base model that's been fine-tuned.
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**[8] `server.port`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.port` SHOULD represent the server port behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.
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**[9] `gen_ai.response.model`:** If available. The name of the GenAI model that provided the response. If the model is supplied by a vendor, then the value must be the exact name of the model actually used. If the model is a fine-tuned custom model, the value should have a more specific name than the base model that's been fine-tuned.
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**[10] `server.address`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.address` SHOULD represent the server address behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.
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---
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`error.type` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.
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| Value | Description | Stability |
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| `_OTHER` | A fallback error value to be used when the instrumentation doesn't define a custom value. |  |
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---
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`gen_ai.operation.name` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.
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| Value | Description | Stability |
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| `chat` | Chat completion operation such as [OpenAI Chat API](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/chat) |  |
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| `create_agent` | Create GenAI agent |  |
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| `embeddings` | Embeddings operation such as [OpenAI Create embeddings API](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/embeddings/create) |  |
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| `execute_tool` | Execute a tool |  |
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| `generate_content` | Multimodal content generation operation such as [Gemini Generate Content](https://ai.google.dev/api/generate-content) |  |
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| `invoke_agent` | Invoke GenAI agent |  |
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| `text_completion` | Text completions operation such as [OpenAI Completions API (Legacy)](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/completions) |  |
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---
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`gen_ai.output.type` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.
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| Value | Description | Stability |
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| `image` | Image |  |
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| `json` | JSON object with known or unknown schema |  |
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| `speech` | Speech |  |
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| `text` | Plain text |  |
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---
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`gen_ai.system` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.
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| Value | Description | Stability |
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| `anthropic` | Anthropic |  |
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| `aws.bedrock` | AWS Bedrock |  |
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| `az.ai.inference` | Azure AI Inference |  |
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| `az.ai.openai` | Azure OpenAI |  |
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| `cohere` | Cohere |  |
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| `deepseek` | DeepSeek |  |
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| `gcp.gemini` | Gemini [11] |  |
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| `gcp.gen_ai` | Any Google generative AI endpoint [12] |  |
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| `gcp.vertex_ai` | Vertex AI [13] |  |
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| `groq` | Groq |  |
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| `ibm.watsonx.ai` | IBM Watsonx AI |  |
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| `mistral_ai` | Mistral AI |  |
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| `openai` | OpenAI |  |
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| `perplexity` | Perplexity |  |
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| `xai` | xAI |  |
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**[11]:** This refers to the 'generativelanguage.googleapis.com' endpoint. Also known as the AI Studio API. May use common attributes prefixed with 'gcp.gen_ai.'.
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**[12]:** May be used when specific backend is unknown. May use common attributes prefixed with 'gcp.gen_ai.'.
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**[13]:** This refers to the 'aiplatform.googleapis.com' endpoint. May use common attributes prefixed with 'gcp.gen_ai.'.
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<!-- END AUTOGENERATED TEXT -->
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<!-- endsemconv -->
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### Embeddings
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<!-- semconv span.gen_ai.embeddings.client -->
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<!-- NOTE: THIS TEXT IS AUTOGENERATED. DO NOT EDIT BY HAND. -->
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**Status:** 
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Describes GenAI embeddings span - a request to a Generative AI model or service that generates an embeddings based on the input.
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The `gen_ai.operation.name` SHOULD be `embeddings`.
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**Span name** SHOULD be `{gen_ai.operation.name} {gen_ai.request.model}`.
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**Span kind** SHOULD be `CLIENT`.
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**Span status** SHOULD follow the [Recording Errors](/docs/general/recording-errors.md) document.
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| Attribute | Type | Description | Examples | [Requirement Level](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/general/attribute-requirement-level/) | Stability |
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| [`gen_ai.operation.name`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The name of the operation being performed. [1] | `chat`; `generate_content`; `text_completion` | `Required` |  |
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| [`error.type`](/docs/registry/attributes/error.md) | string | Describes a class of error the operation ended with. [2] | `timeout`; `java.net.UnknownHostException`; `server_certificate_invalid`; `500` | `Conditionally Required` if the operation ended in an error |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.model`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The name of the GenAI model a request is being made to. [3] | `gpt-4` | `Conditionally Required` If available. |  |
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| [`server.port`](/docs/registry/attributes/server.md) | int | GenAI server port. [4] | `80`; `8080`; `443` | `Conditionally Required` If `server.address` is set. |  |
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| [`gen_ai.request.encoding_formats`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string[] | The encoding formats requested in an embeddings operation, if specified. [5] | `["base64"]`; `["float", "binary"]` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`gen_ai.usage.input_tokens`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | int | The number of tokens used in the GenAI input (prompt). | `100` | `Recommended` |  |
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| [`server.address`](/docs/registry/attributes/server.md) | string | GenAI server address. [6] | `example.com`; `10.1.2.80`; `/tmp/my.sock` | `Recommended` |  |
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**[1] `gen_ai.operation.name`:** If one of the predefined values applies, but specific system uses a different name it's RECOMMENDED to document it in the semantic conventions for specific GenAI system and use system-specific name in the instrumentation. If a different name is not documented, instrumentation libraries SHOULD use applicable predefined value.
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**[2] `error.type`:** The `error.type` SHOULD match the error code returned by the Generative AI provider or the client library,
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the canonical name of exception that occurred, or another low-cardinality error identifier.
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Instrumentations SHOULD document the list of errors they report.
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**[3] `gen_ai.request.model`:** The name of the GenAI model a request is being made to. If the model is supplied by a vendor, then the value must be the exact name of the model requested. If the model is a fine-tuned custom model, the value should have a more specific name than the base model that's been fine-tuned.
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**[4] `server.port`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.port` SHOULD represent the server port behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.
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**[5] `gen_ai.request.encoding_formats`:** In some GenAI systems the encoding formats are called embedding types. Also, some GenAI systems only accept a single format per request.
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**[6] `server.address`:** When observed from the client side, and when communicating through an intermediary, `server.address` SHOULD represent the server address behind any intermediaries, for example proxies, if it's available.
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---
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`error.type` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.
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| Value | Description | Stability |
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| `_OTHER` | A fallback error value to be used when the instrumentation doesn't define a custom value. |  |
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---
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`gen_ai.operation.name` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.
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| Value | Description | Stability |
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| `chat` | Chat completion operation such as [OpenAI Chat API](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/chat) |  |
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| `create_agent` | Create GenAI agent |  |
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| `embeddings` | Embeddings operation such as [OpenAI Create embeddings API](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/embeddings/create) |  |
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| `execute_tool` | Execute a tool |  |
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| `generate_content` | Multimodal content generation operation such as [Gemini Generate Content](https://ai.google.dev/api/generate-content) |  |
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| `invoke_agent` | Invoke GenAI agent |  |
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| `text_completion` | Text completions operation such as [OpenAI Completions API (Legacy)](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/completions) |  |
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<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
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<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
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<!-- END AUTOGENERATED TEXT -->
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<!-- endsemconv -->
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### Execute tool span
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<!-- semconv span.gen_ai.execute_tool.internal -->
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<!-- NOTE: THIS TEXT IS AUTOGENERATED. DO NOT EDIT BY HAND. -->
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**Status:** 
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Describes tool execution span.
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`gen_ai.operation.name` SHOULD be `execute_tool`.
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**Span name** SHOULD be `execute_tool {gen_ai.tool.name}`.
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GenAI instrumentations that are able to instrument tool execution call SHOULD do so.
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However, it's common for tools to be executed by the application code. It's recommended
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for the application developers to follow this semantic convention for tools invoked
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by the application code.
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**Span kind** SHOULD be `INTERNAL`.
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**Span status** SHOULD follow the [Recording Errors](/docs/general/recording-errors.md) document.
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| Attribute | Type | Description | Examples | [Requirement Level](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/general/attribute-requirement-level/) | Stability |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| [`error.type`](/docs/registry/attributes/error.md) | string | Describes a class of error the operation ended with. [1] | `timeout`; `java.net.UnknownHostException`; `server_certificate_invalid`; `500` | `Conditionally Required` if the operation ended in an error |  |
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| [`gen_ai.tool.call.id`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The tool call identifier. | `call_mszuSIzqtI65i1wAUOE8w5H4` | `Recommended` if available |  |
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| [`gen_ai.tool.description`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | The tool description. | `Multiply two numbers` | `Recommended` if available |  |
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| [`gen_ai.tool.name`](/docs/registry/attributes/gen-ai.md) | string | Name of the tool utilized by the agent. | `Flights` | `Recommended` |  |
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**[1] `error.type`:** The `error.type` SHOULD match the error code returned by the Generative AI provider or the client library,
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the canonical name of exception that occurred, or another low-cardinality error identifier.
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Instrumentations SHOULD document the list of errors they report.
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---
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`error.type` has the following list of well-known values. If one of them applies, then the respective value MUST be used; otherwise, a custom value MAY be used.
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| Value | Description | Stability |
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|---|---|---|
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| `_OTHER` | A fallback error value to be used when the instrumentation doesn't define a custom value. |  |
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<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
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<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
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<!-- endsemconv -->
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## Capturing inputs and outputs
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User inputs and model responses may be recorded as events parented to GenAI operation span. See [Semantic Conventions for GenAI events](./gen-ai-events.md) for the details.
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[DocumentStatus]: https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/document-status
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