diff --git a/internal/apicodec/codec.go b/internal/apicodec/codec.go
index ea3ab091..f8f9ce19 100644
--- a/internal/apicodec/codec.go
+++ b/internal/apicodec/codec.go
@@ -29,6 +29,25 @@ const (
 	NullspaceID = KeyspaceID(constants.NullKeyspaceID)
 )
 
+// CodecV2Prefixes returns a sorted list of prefixes that will be used by Codec V2.
+func CodecV2Prefixes() [][]byte {
+	result := [][]byte{
+		{RawModePrefix},
+		{TxnModePrefix},
+	}
+	// The result should be sorted.
+	// If the list becomes larger in the future, add explicit sorting if necessary.
+	return result
+}
+
+// CodecV1ExcludePrefixes returns a sorted list of prefixes that will not be used by Codec V1. This function can be
+// used to determine if a key belongs to codec v1 in v1+v2 mixed deployment.
+func CodecV1ExcludePrefixes() [][]byte {
+	// Currently this is identical with CodecV2Prefixes, but this function has different semantics. In the future
+	// if other special prefixes or codec versions are introduced, those prefixes should be added here.
+	return CodecV2Prefixes()
+}
+
 // ParseKeyspaceID retrieves the keyspaceID from the given keyspace-encoded key.
 // It returns error if the given key is not in proper api-v2 format.
 func ParseKeyspaceID(b []byte) (KeyspaceID, error) {
diff --git a/internal/apicodec/codec_test.go b/internal/apicodec/codec_test.go
index d8e5cfc0..3344b203 100644
--- a/internal/apicodec/codec_test.go
+++ b/internal/apicodec/codec_test.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package apicodec
 
 import (
+	"slices"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/pingcap/kvproto/pkg/kvrpcpb"
@@ -57,3 +58,11 @@ func TestEncodeUnknownRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	_, err := c.EncodeRequest(req)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 }
+
+func TestCodecListUtilityFunctions(t *testing.T) {
+	keyCmp := func(lhs, rhs []byte) int {
+		return slices.Compare(lhs, rhs)
+	}
+	assert.True(t, slices.IsSortedFunc(CodecV2Prefixes(), keyCmp))
+	assert.True(t, slices.IsSortedFunc(CodecV1ExcludePrefixes(), keyCmp))
+}
diff --git a/internal/apicodec/codec_v2.go b/internal/apicodec/codec_v2.go
index 19de78ce..d7f9f67b 100644
--- a/internal/apicodec/codec_v2.go
+++ b/internal/apicodec/codec_v2.go
@@ -18,25 +18,27 @@ import (
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 )
 
-var (
+const (
 	// DefaultKeyspaceID is the keyspaceID of the default keyspace.
 	DefaultKeyspaceID uint32 = 0
 	// DefaultKeyspaceName is the name of the default keyspace.
 	DefaultKeyspaceName = "DEFAULT"
 
-	rawModePrefix     byte = 'r'
-	txnModePrefix     byte = 'x'
+	RawModePrefix     byte = 'r'
+	TxnModePrefix     byte = 'x'
 	keyspacePrefixLen      = 4
 
 	// maxKeyspaceID is the maximum value of keyspaceID, its value is uint24Max.
 	maxKeyspaceID = uint32(0xFFFFFF)
+)
 
+var (
 	// errKeyOutOfBound happens when key to be decoded lies outside the keyspace's range.
 	errKeyOutOfBound = errors.New("given key does not belong to the keyspace")
 )
 
 func checkV2Key(b []byte) error {
-	if len(b) < keyspacePrefixLen || (b[0] != rawModePrefix && b[0] != txnModePrefix) {
+	if len(b) < keyspacePrefixLen || (b[0] != RawModePrefix && b[0] != TxnModePrefix) {
 		return errors.Errorf("invalid API V2 key %s", b)
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -79,9 +81,9 @@ func NewCodecV2(mode Mode, keyspaceMeta *keyspacepb.KeyspaceMeta) (Codec, error)
 	codec.endKey = make([]byte, 4)
 	switch mode {
 	case ModeRaw:
-		codec.prefix[0] = rawModePrefix
+		codec.prefix[0] = RawModePrefix
 	case ModeTxn:
-		codec.prefix[0] = txnModePrefix
+		codec.prefix[0] = TxnModePrefix
 	default:
 		return nil, errors.Errorf("unknown mode")
 	}
diff --git a/tikv/gc.go b/tikv/gc.go
index 2f5f152b..82ff5e1f 100644
--- a/tikv/gc.go
+++ b/tikv/gc.go
@@ -154,8 +154,8 @@ func (l *BaseRegionLockResolver) ResolveLocksInOneRegion(bo *Backoffer, locks []
 }
 
 // ScanLocksInOneRegion return locks and location with given start key in a region.
-func (l *BaseRegionLockResolver) ScanLocksInOneRegion(bo *Backoffer, key []byte, maxVersion uint64, scanLimit uint32) ([]*txnlock.Lock, *locate.KeyLocation, error) {
-	return scanLocksInOneRegionWithStartKey(bo, l.GetStore(), key, maxVersion, scanLimit)
+func (l *BaseRegionLockResolver) ScanLocksInOneRegion(bo *Backoffer, key []byte, endKey []byte, maxVersion uint64, scanLimit uint32) ([]*txnlock.Lock, *locate.KeyLocation, error) {
+	return scanLocksInOneRegionWithRange(bo, l.GetStore(), key, endKey, maxVersion, scanLimit)
 }
 
 // GetStore is used to get store to GetRegionCache and SendReq for this lock resolver.
@@ -179,10 +179,11 @@ type RegionLockResolver interface {
 	// ** the locks are assumed sorted by key in ascending order **
 	ResolveLocksInOneRegion(bo *Backoffer, locks []*txnlock.Lock, regionLocation *locate.KeyLocation) (*locate.KeyLocation, error)
 
-	// ScanLocksInOneRegion return locks and location with given start key in a region.
+	// ScanLocksInOneRegion return locks and location with given range, and if the range spans over multiple regions,
+	// it stops at the end of the first region that's covered or partially covered by the specified range.
 	// The return result ([]*Lock, *KeyLocation, error) represents the all locks in a regionLocation.
 	// which will used by ResolveLocksInOneRegion later.
-	ScanLocksInOneRegion(bo *Backoffer, key []byte, maxVersion uint64, scanLimit uint32) ([]*txnlock.Lock, *locate.KeyLocation, error)
+	ScanLocksInOneRegion(bo *Backoffer, key []byte, endKey []byte, maxVersion uint64, scanLimit uint32) ([]*txnlock.Lock, *locate.KeyLocation, error)
 
 	// GetStore is used to get store to GetRegionCache and SendReq for this lock resolver.
 	GetStore() Storage
@@ -210,7 +211,7 @@ func ResolveLocksForRange(
 			return stat, errors.New("[gc worker] gc job canceled")
 		default:
 		}
-		locks, loc, err := resolver.ScanLocksInOneRegion(bo, key, maxVersion, scanLimit)
+		locks, loc, err := resolver.ScanLocksInOneRegion(bo, key, endKey, maxVersion, scanLimit)
 		if err != nil {
 			return stat, err
 		}
@@ -247,17 +248,21 @@ func ResolveLocksForRange(
 	return stat, nil
 }
 
-func scanLocksInOneRegionWithStartKey(bo *retry.Backoffer, store Storage, startKey []byte, maxVersion uint64, limit uint32) (locks []*txnlock.Lock, loc *locate.KeyLocation, err error) {
+func scanLocksInOneRegionWithRange(bo *retry.Backoffer, store Storage, startKey []byte, endKey []byte, maxVersion uint64, limit uint32) (locks []*txnlock.Lock, loc *locate.KeyLocation, err error) {
 	for {
 		loc, err := store.GetRegionCache().LocateKey(bo, startKey)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, loc, err
 		}
+		reqEndKey := loc.EndKey
+		if len(endKey) > 0 && (len(reqEndKey) == 0 || bytes.Compare(endKey, reqEndKey) < 0) {
+			reqEndKey = endKey
+		}
 		req := tikvrpc.NewRequest(tikvrpc.CmdScanLock, &kvrpcpb.ScanLockRequest{
 			MaxVersion: maxVersion,
 			Limit:      limit,
 			StartKey:   startKey,
-			EndKey:     loc.EndKey,
+			EndKey:     reqEndKey,
 		})
 		resp, err := store.SendReq(bo, req, loc.Region, ReadTimeoutMedium)
 		if err != nil {
diff --git a/tikv/region.go b/tikv/region.go
index b9c85ba1..58cf7e68 100644
--- a/tikv/region.go
+++ b/tikv/region.go
@@ -249,3 +249,16 @@ var (
 	// the region info contains old leader during the election, this variable affects nothing in most time.
 	WithNeedRegionHasLeaderPeer = locate.WithNeedRegionHasLeaderPeer
 )
+
+const (
+	CodecV2TxnKeyspacePrefix = apicodec.TxnModePrefix
+	CodecV2RawKeyspacePrefix = apicodec.RawModePrefix
+)
+
+func CodecV2Prefixes() [][]byte {
+	return apicodec.CodecV2Prefixes()
+}
+
+func CodecV1ExcludePrefixes() [][]byte {
+	return apicodec.CodecV1ExcludePrefixes()
+}
diff --git a/tikv/test_probe.go b/tikv/test_probe.go
index 0276cab9..87fd74ae 100644
--- a/tikv/test_probe.go
+++ b/tikv/test_probe.go
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ func (s StoreProbe) ScanLocks(ctx context.Context, startKey, endKey []byte, maxV
 
 outerLoop:
 	for {
-		locks, loc, err := scanLocksInOneRegionWithStartKey(bo, s.KVStore, startKey, maxVersion, limit)
+		locks, loc, err := scanLocksInOneRegionWithRange(bo, s.KVStore, startKey, nil, maxVersion, limit)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}