mirror of https://github.com/dapr/docs.git
255 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
255 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
# State management
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Dapr offers a reliable state endpoint that allows developers to save and retrieve state via an API.
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Dapr has a pluggable architecture and allows binding to a multitude of cloud/on-premises state stores.
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Examples for state stores include ```Redis```, ```Azure CosmosDB```, ```AWS DynamoDB```, ```GCP Cloud Spanner```, ```Cassandra``` to name a few.
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An Dapr State Store has the following structure:
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```
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apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Component
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metadata:
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name: <NAME>
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spec:
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type: state.<TYPE>
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metadata:
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- name:<KEY>
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value:<VALUE>
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- name: <KEY>
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value: <VALUE>
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```
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The ```metadata.name``` is the name of the state store.
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the ```spec/metadata``` section is an open key value pair metadata that allows a binding to define connection properties.
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## Key scheme
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Dapr state stores are key/value stores. To ensure data compatibility, Dapr requires these data stores follow a fixed key scheme. For general states, the key format is:
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```bash
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<Dapr id>__delim__<state key>
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```
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For Actor states, the key format is:
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```bash
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<Dapr id>__delim__<Actor type>__delim__<Actor id>__delim__<state key>
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```
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## Save state
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This endpoint lets you save an array of state objects.
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### HTTP Request
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`POST http://localhost:<daprPort>/v1.0/state`
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#### URL Parameters
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Parameter | Description
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--------- | -----------
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daprPort | the Dapr port
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#### Request Body
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A JSON array of state objects. Each state object is comprised with the following fields:
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Field | Description
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---- | -----------
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key | state key
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value | state value, which can be any byte array
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etag | (optional) state ETag
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metadata | (optional) additional key-value pairs to be passed to the state store
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options | (optional) state operation options, see [state operation options](#optional-behaviors)
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> **ETag format** Dapr runtime treats ETags as opaque strings. The exact ETag format is defined by the corresponding data store.
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### HTTP Response
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#### Response Codes
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Code | Description
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---- | -----------
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201 | State saved
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400 | State store is missing or misconfigured
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500 | Failed to save state
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#### Response Body
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None.
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### Example
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```shell
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curl -X POST http://localhost:3500/v1.0/state \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '[
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{
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"key": "weapon",
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"value": "DeathStar"
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},
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{
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"key": "planet",
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"value": {
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"name": "Tatooine"
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}
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}
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]'
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```
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## Get state
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This endpoint lets you get the state for a specific key.
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### HTTP Request
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`GET http://localhost:<daprPor>/v1.0/state/<key>`
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#### URL Parameters
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Parameter | Description
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--------- | -----------
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daprPort | the Dapr port
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key | the key of the desired state
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consistency | (optional) read consistency mode, see [state operation options](#optional-behaviors)
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### HTTP Response
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#### Response Codes
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Code | Description
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---- | -----------
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200 | Get state successful
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204 | Key is not found
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400 | State store is missing or misconfigured
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500 | Get state failed
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#### Response Headers
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Header | Description
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--------- | -----------
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ETag | ETag of returned value
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#### Response Body
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JSON-encoded value
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### Example
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```shell
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curl http://localhost:3500/v1.0/state/planet \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json"
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```
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> The above command returns the state:
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```json
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{
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"name": "Tatooine"
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}
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```
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## Delete state
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This endpoint lets you delete the state for a specific key.
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### HTTP Request
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`DELETE http://localhost:<daprPort>/v1.0/state/<key>`
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#### URL Parameters
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Parameter | Description
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--------- | -----------
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daprPort | the Dapr port
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key | the key of the desired state
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concurrency | (optional) either *first-write* or *last-write*, see [state operation options](#optional-behaviors)
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consistency | (optional) either *strong* or *eventual*, see [state operation options](#optional-behaviors)
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retryInterval | (optional) retry interval, in milliseconds, see [retry policy](#retry-policy)
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retryPattern | (optional) retry pattern, can be either *linear* or *exponential*, see [retry policy](#retry-policy)
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retryThreshold | (optional) number of retries, see [retry policy](#retry-policy)
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#### Request Headers
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Header | Description
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--------- | -----------
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If-Match | (Optional) ETag associated with the key to be deleted
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### HTTP Response
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#### Response Codes
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Code | Description
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---- | -----------
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200 | Delete state successful
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400 | State store is missing or misconfigured
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500 | Delete state failed
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#### Response Body
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None.
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### Example
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```shell
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curl -X "DELETE" http://localhost:3500/v1.0/state/planet -H "ETag: xxxxxxx"
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```
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## Optional behaviors
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### Key scheme
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A Dapr-compatible state store shall use the following key scheme:
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* *\<Dapr id>__delim__\<state key>* key format for general states
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* *\<Dapr id>__delim__\<Actor type>__delim__\<Actor id>__delim__\<state key>* key format for Actor states.
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### Concurrency
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Dapr uses Optimized Concurrency Control (OCC) with ETags. Dapr makes optional the following requirements on state stores:
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* An Dapr-compatible state store may support optimistic concurrency control using ETags. When an ETag is associated with an *save* or *delete* request, the store shall allow the update only if the attached ETag matches with the latest ETag in the database.
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* When ETag is missing in the write requests, the state store shall handle the requests in a last-write-wins fashion. This is to allow optimizations for high-throughput write scenarios in which data contingency is low or has no negative effects.
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* A store shall **always** return ETags when returning states to callers.
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### Consistency
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Dapr allows clients to attach a consistency hint to *get*, *set* and *delete* operation. Dapr support two consistency level: **strong** and **eventual**, which are defined as the follows:
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#### Eventual Consistency
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Dapr assumes data stores are eventually consistent by default. A state should:
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* For read requests, the state store can return data from any of the replicas
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* For write request, the state store should asynchronously replicate updates to configured quorum after acknowledging the update request.
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#### Strong Consistency
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When a strong consistency hint is attached, a state store should:
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* For read requests, the state store should return the most up-to-date data consistently across replicas.
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* For write/delete requests, the state store should synchronisely replicate updated data to configured quorum before completing the write request.
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### Retry Policy
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Dapr allows clients to attach retry policies to *set* and *delete* operations. A retry policy is described by three fields:
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Field | Description
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---- | -----------
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retryInterval | Initial delay between retries, in milliseconds. The interval remains constant for *linear* retry pattern. The interval is doubled after each retry for *exponential* retry pattern. So, for *exponential* pattern, the delay after attempt *n* will be interval*2^(n-1).
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retryPattern | Retry pattern, can be either *linear* or *exponential*.
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retryThreshold | Maximum number of retries.
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### Example
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The following is a sample *set* request with a complete operation option definition:
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```shell
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curl -X POST http://localhost:3500/v1.0/state \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '[
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{
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"key": "weapon",
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"value": "DeathStar",
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"etag": "xxxxx",
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"options": {
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"concurrency": "first-write",
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"consistency": "strong",
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"retryPolicy": {
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"interval": 100,
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"threshold" : 3,
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"pattern": "exponential"
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}
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}
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}
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]'
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```
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