110 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
110 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
# What is Nginx?
|
|
|
|
Nginx (pronounced "engine-x") is an open source reverse proxy server for HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, POP3, and IMAP protocols, as well as a load balancer, HTTP cache, and a web server (origin server). The nginx project started with a strong focus on high concurrency, high performance and low memory usage. It is licensed under the 2-clause BSD-like license and it runs on Linux, BSD variants, Mac OS X, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, as well as on other *nix flavors. It also has a proof of concept port for Microsoft Windows.
|
|
|
|
> [wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx)
|
|
|
|
%%LOGO%%
|
|
|
|
# How to use this image
|
|
|
|
## hosting some simple static content
|
|
|
|
```console
|
|
$ docker run --name some-nginx -v /some/content:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro -d nginx
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, a simple `Dockerfile` can be used to generate a new image that includes the necessary content (which is a much cleaner solution than the bind mount above):
|
|
|
|
```dockerfile
|
|
FROM nginx
|
|
COPY static-html-directory /usr/share/nginx/html
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Place this file in the same directory as your directory of content ("static-html-directory"), run `docker build -t some-content-nginx .`, then start your container:
|
|
|
|
```console
|
|
$ docker run --name some-nginx -d some-content-nginx
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## exposing the port
|
|
|
|
```console
|
|
$ docker run --name some-nginx -d -p 8080:80 some-content-nginx
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Then you can hit `http://localhost:8080` or `http://host-ip:8080` in your browser.
|
|
|
|
## complex configuration
|
|
|
|
```console
|
|
$ docker run --name my-custom-nginx-container -v /host/path/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro -d nginx
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
For information on the syntax of the Nginx configuration files, see [the official documentation](http://nginx.org/en/docs/) (specifically the [Beginner's Guide](http://nginx.org/en/docs/beginners_guide.html#conf_structure)).
|
|
|
|
If you wish to adapt the default configuration, use something like the following to copy it from a running Nginx container:
|
|
|
|
```console
|
|
$ docker run --name tmp-nginx-container -d nginx
|
|
$ docker cp tmp-nginx-container:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /host/path/nginx.conf
|
|
$ docker rm -f tmp-nginx-container
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
As above, this can also be accomplished more cleanly using a simple `Dockerfile` (in `/host/path/`):
|
|
|
|
```dockerfile
|
|
FROM nginx
|
|
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If you add a custom `CMD` in the Dockerfile, be sure to include `-g daemon off;` to `CMD` that Nginx stays in the foreground so that Docker can track the process properly (otherwise your container will stop immediately after starting)!
|
|
|
|
Then, build with `docker build -t custom-nginx .` and run:
|
|
|
|
```console
|
|
$ docker run --name my-custom-nginx-container -d custom-nginx
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### using environment variables in nginx configuration
|
|
|
|
Out-of-the-box, Nginx doesn't support using environment variables inside most configuration blocks. But `envsubst` may be used as a workaround if you need to generate your nginx configuration dynamically before nginx starts.
|
|
|
|
Here is an example using docker-compose.yml:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
web:
|
|
image: nginx
|
|
volumes:
|
|
- ./mysite.template:/etc/nginx/conf.d/mysite.template
|
|
ports:
|
|
- "8080:80"
|
|
environment:
|
|
- NGINX_HOST=foobar.com
|
|
- NGINX_PORT=80
|
|
command: /bin/bash -c "envsubst < /etc/nginx/conf.d/mysite.template > /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf && nginx -g 'daemon off;'"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The `mysite.template` file may then contain variable references like this:
|
|
|
|
`listen ${NGINX_PORT};
|
|
`
|
|
|
|
## running nginx in debug mode
|
|
|
|
Images since version 1.9.8 come with `nginx-debug` binary that produces complete output when using higher verbosity log levels. It can be used with simple CMD substitution:
|
|
|
|
```console
|
|
$ docker run --name my-nginx -v /host/path/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro -d nginx nginx-debug -g 'daemon off;'
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Similar configuration in docker-compose.yml may look like this:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
web:
|
|
image: nginx
|
|
volumes:
|
|
- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
|
|
command: [nginx-debug, '-g', 'daemon off;']
|
|
```
|