mirror of https://github.com/docker/docs.git
262 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
262 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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description: Learn how to install Docker Engine on Debian. These instructions cover
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the different installation methods, how to uninstall, and next steps.
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keywords: requirements, apt, installation, debian, install, uninstall, install debian, docker engine, install docker engine, upgrade, update
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title: Install Docker Engine on Debian
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toc_max: 4
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aliases:
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- /engine/installation/debian/
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- /engine/installation/linux/debian/
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- /engine/installation/linux/docker-ce/debian/
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- /install/linux/docker-ce/debian/
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download-url-base: https://download.docker.com/linux/debian
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---
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To get started with Docker Engine on Debian, make sure you
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[meet the prerequisites](#prerequisites), and then follow the
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[installation steps](#installation-methods).
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## Prerequisites
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> **Note**
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>
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> If you use ufw or firewalld to manage firewall settings, be aware that
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> when you expose container ports using Docker, these ports bypass your
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> firewall rules. For more information, refer to
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> [Docker and ufw](../../network/packet-filtering-firewalls.md#docker-and-ufw).
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### OS requirements
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To install Docker Engine, you need the 64-bit version of one of these Debian
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versions:
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- Debian Bookworm 12 (stable)
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- Debian Bullseye 11 (oldstable)
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Docker Engine for Debian is compatible with x86_64 (or amd64), armhf, arm64,
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and ppc64le (ppc64el) architectures.
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### Uninstall old versions
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Before you can install Docker Engine, you need to uninstall any conflicting packages.
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Distro maintainers provide unofficial distributions of Docker packages in
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their repositories. You must uninstall these packages before you can install the
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official version of Docker Engine.
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The unofficial packages to uninstall are:
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- `docker.io`
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- `docker-compose`
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- `docker-doc`
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- `podman-docker`
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Moreover, Docker Engine depends on `containerd` and `runc`. Docker Engine
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bundles these dependencies as one bundle: `containerd.io`. If you have
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installed the `containerd` or `runc` previously, uninstall them to avoid
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conflicts with the versions bundled with Docker Engine.
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Run the following command to uninstall all conflicting packages:
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```console
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$ for pkg in docker.io docker-doc docker-compose podman-docker containerd runc; do sudo apt-get remove $pkg; done
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```
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`apt-get` might report that you have none of these packages installed.
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Images, containers, volumes, and networks stored in `/var/lib/docker/` aren't
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automatically removed when you uninstall Docker. If you want to start with a
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clean installation, and prefer to clean up any existing data, read the
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[uninstall Docker Engine](#uninstall-docker-engine) section.
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## Installation methods
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You can install Docker Engine in different ways, depending on your needs:
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- Docker Engine comes bundled with
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[Docker Desktop for Linux](../../desktop/install/linux-install.md). This is
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the easiest and quickest way to get started.
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- Set up and install Docker Engine from
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[Docker's `apt` repository](#install-using-the-repository).
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- [Install it manually](#install-from-a-package) and manage upgrades manually.
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- Use a [convenience script](#install-using-the-convenience-script). Only
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recommended for testing and development environments.
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### Install using the `apt` repository {#install-using-the-repository}
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Before you install Docker Engine for the first time on a new host machine, you
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need to set up the Docker `apt` repository. Afterward, you can install and update
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Docker from the repository.
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1. Set up Docker's `apt` repository.
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```bash
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# Add Docker's official GPG key:
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg
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sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
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curl -fsSL {{% param "download-url-base" %}}/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
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sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
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# Add the repository to Apt sources:
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echo \
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"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] {{% param "download-url-base" %}} \
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$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
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sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
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sudo apt-get update
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```
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> **Note**
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>
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> If you use a derivative distro, such as Kali Linux,
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> you may need to substitute the part of this command that's expected to
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> print the version codename:
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>
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> ```console
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> $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")
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> ```
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>
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> Replace this part with the codename of the corresponding Debian release,
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> such as `bookworm`.
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2. Install the Docker packages.
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{{< tabs >}}
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{{< tab name="Latest" >}}
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To install the latest version, run:
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```console
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$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
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```
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{{< /tab >}}
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{{< tab name="Specific version" >}}
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To install a specific version of Docker Engine, start by listing the
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available versions in the repository:
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```console
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# List the available versions:
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$ apt-cache madison docker-ce | awk '{ print $3 }'
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5:24.0.0-1~debian.11~bullseye
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5:23.0.6-1~debian.11~bullseye
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...
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```
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Select the desired version and install:
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```console
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$ VERSION_STRING=5:24.0.0-1~debian.11~bullseye
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$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce=$VERSION_STRING docker-ce-cli=$VERSION_STRING containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
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```
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{{< /tab >}}
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{{< /tabs >}}
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3. Verify that the installation is successful by running the `hello-world`
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image:
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```console
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$ sudo docker run hello-world
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```
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This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the
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container runs, it prints a confirmation message and exits.
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You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.
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{{< include "root-errors.md" >}}
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#### Upgrade Docker Engine
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To upgrade Docker Engine, follow step 2 of the
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[installation instructions](#install-using-the-repository),
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choosing the new version you want to install.
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### Install from a package
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If you can't use Docker's `apt` repository to install Docker Engine, you can
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download the `deb` file for your release and install it manually. You need to
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download a new file each time you want to upgrade Docker Engine.
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<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
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1. Go to [`{{% param "download-url-base" %}}/dists/`]({{% param "download-url-base" %}}/dists/).
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2. Select your Debian version in the list.
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3. Go to `pool/stable/` and select the applicable architecture (`amd64`,
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`armhf`, `arm64`, or `s390x`).
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4. Download the following `deb` files for the Docker Engine, CLI, containerd,
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and Docker Compose packages:
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- `containerd.io_<version>_<arch>.deb`
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- `docker-ce_<version>_<arch>.deb`
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- `docker-ce-cli_<version>_<arch>.deb`
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- `docker-buildx-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb`
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- `docker-compose-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb`
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5. Install the `.deb` packages. Update the paths in the following example to
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where you downloaded the Docker packages.
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```console
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$ sudo dpkg -i ./containerd.io_<version>_<arch>.deb \
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./docker-ce_<version>_<arch>.deb \
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./docker-ce-cli_<version>_<arch>.deb \
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./docker-buildx-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb \
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./docker-compose-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb
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```
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The Docker daemon starts automatically.
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6. Verify that the Docker Engine installation is successful by running the
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`hello-world` image:
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```console
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$ sudo service docker start
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$ sudo docker run hello-world
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```
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This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the
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container runs, it prints a confirmation message and exits.
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You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.
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{{< include "root-errors.md" >}}
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#### Upgrade Docker Engine
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To upgrade Docker Engine, download the newer package files and repeat the
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[installation procedure](#install-from-a-package), pointing to the new files.
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{{< include "install-script.md" >}}
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## Uninstall Docker Engine
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1. Uninstall the Docker Engine, CLI, containerd, and Docker Compose packages:
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```console
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$ sudo apt-get purge docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin docker-ce-rootless-extras
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```
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2. Images, containers, volumes, or custom configuration files on your host
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aren't automatically removed. To delete all images, containers, and volumes:
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```console
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$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
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$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd
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```
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You have to delete any edited configuration files manually.
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## Next steps
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- Continue to [Post-installation steps for Linux](linux-postinstall.md).
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- Review the topics in [Develop with Docker](../../develop/index.md) to learn
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how to build new applications using Docker.
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