istio.io/content/en/docs/reference/glossary/data-plane.md

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Data Plane n/a

The data plane is the part of the mesh that directly handles and routes traffic between workload instances.

In {{< gloss >}}sidecar{{< /gloss >}} mode, Istio's data plane uses Envoy proxies deployed as sidecars to mediate and control all traffic that your mesh services send and receive.

In {{< gloss >}}ambient{{< /gloss >}} mode, Istio's data plane uses node-level {{< gloss >}}ztunnel{{< /gloss >}} proxies deployed as a DaemonSet to mediate and control all traffic that your mesh services send and receive.