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Run Bookinfo with Kubernetes Deploy the Bookinfo application that uses the ratings microservice in Kubernetes. 30 istio/wg-docs-maintainers no

{{< boilerplate work-in-progress >}}

This module shows you an application composed of four microservices written in different programming languages: productpage, details, ratings and reviews. We call the composed application Bookinfo, and you can learn more about it on the Bookinfo example page.

The Bookinfo example shows the final state of the application, in which the reviews microservice has three versions: v1, v2, v3. In this module, the application only uses the v1 version of the reviews microservice. The next modules enhance the application by deploying newer versions of the reviews microservice.

Deploy the application and a testing pod

  1. Set the MYHOST environment variable to hold the URL of the application:

    {{< text bash >}} export MYHOST=(kubectl config view -o jsonpath={.contexts..namespace}).bookinfo.com {{< /text >}}

  2. Skim [bookinfo.yaml]({{< github_blob >}}/samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo.yaml). This is the Kubernetes deployment spec of the app. Notice the services and the deployments.

  3. Deploy the application to your Kubernetes cluster:

    {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl apply -l version!=v2,version!=v3 -f {{< github_file >}}/samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo.yaml service/details created serviceaccount/bookinfo-details created deployment.apps/details-v1 created service/ratings created serviceaccount/bookinfo-ratings created deployment.apps/ratings-v1 created service/reviews created serviceaccount/bookinfo-reviews created deployment.apps/reviews-v1 created service/productpage created serviceaccount/bookinfo-productpage created deployment.apps/productpage-v1 created {{< /text >}}

  4. Check the status of the pods:

    {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE details-v1-6d86fd9949-q8rrf 1/1 Running 0 10s productpage-v1-c9965499-tjdjx 1/1 Running 0 8s ratings-v1-7bf577cb77-pq9kg 1/1 Running 0 9s reviews-v1-77c65dc5c6-kjvxs 1/1 Running 0 9s {{< /text >}}

  5. After the four pods achieve the Running status, you can scale the deployment. To let each version of each microservice run in three pods, execute the following command:

    {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl scale deployments --all --replicas 3 deployment.apps/details-v1 scaled deployment.apps/productpage-v1 scaled deployment.apps/ratings-v1 scaled deployment.apps/reviews-v1 scaled {{< /text >}}

  6. Check the pods status. Notice that each microservice has three pods:

    {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE details-v1-6d86fd9949-fr59p 1/1 Running 0 50s details-v1-6d86fd9949-mksv7 1/1 Running 0 50s details-v1-6d86fd9949-q8rrf 1/1 Running 0 1m productpage-v1-c9965499-hwhcn 1/1 Running 0 50s productpage-v1-c9965499-nccwq 1/1 Running 0 50s productpage-v1-c9965499-tjdjx 1/1 Running 0 1m ratings-v1-7bf577cb77-cbdsg 1/1 Running 0 50s ratings-v1-7bf577cb77-cz6jm 1/1 Running 0 50s ratings-v1-7bf577cb77-pq9kg 1/1 Running 0 1m reviews-v1-77c65dc5c6-5wt8g 1/1 Running 0 49s reviews-v1-77c65dc5c6-kjvxs 1/1 Running 0 1m reviews-v1-77c65dc5c6-r55tl 1/1 Running 0 49s {{< /text >}}

  7. After the services achieve the Running status, deploy a testing pod, [sleep]({{< github_tree >}}/samples/sleep), to use for sending requests to your microservices:

    {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl apply -f {{< github_file >}}/samples/sleep/sleep.yaml {{< /text >}}

  8. To confirm that the Bookinfo application is running, send a request to it with a curl command from your testing pod:

    {{< text bash >}} kubectl exec(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -c sleep -- curl -sS productpage:9080/productpage | grep -o ""

    {{< /text >}}

Enable external access to the application

Once your application is running, enable clients from outside the cluster to access it. Once you configure the steps below successfully, you can access the application from your laptop's browser.

{{< warning >}}

If your cluster runs on GKE, change the productpage service type to LoadBalancer:

{{< text bash >}} $ kubectl patch svc productpage -p '{"spec": {"type": "LoadBalancer"}}' service/productpage patched {{< /text >}}

{{< /warning >}}

Configure the Kubernetes Ingress resource and access your application's webpage

  1. Create a Kubernetes Ingress resource:

    {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 kind: Ingress metadata: name: bookinfo annotations: kubernetes.io/ingress.class: istio spec: rules:

    • host: $MYHOST http: paths:
      • path: /productpage pathType: Prefix backend: service: name: productpage port: number: 9080
      • path: /login pathType: Prefix backend: service: name: productpage port: number: 9080
      • path: /logout pathType: Prefix backend: service: name: productpage port: number: 9080
      • path: /static pathType: Prefix backend: service: name: productpage port: number: 9080 EOF {{< /text >}}

Update your /etc/hosts configuration file

  1. Get the IP address for the Kubernetes ingress named bookinfo:

    {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl get ingress bookinfo {{< /text >}}

  2. In your /etc/hosts file, add the previous IP address to the host entries provided by the following command. You should have a Superuser privilege and probably use sudo to edit /etc/hosts.

    {{< text bash >}} echo(kubectl get ingress istio-system -n istio-system -o jsonpath='{..ip} {..host}') $(kubectl get ingress bookinfo -o jsonpath='{..host}') {{< /text >}}

Access your application

  1. Access the application's home page from the command line:

    {{< text bash >}} $ curl -s $MYHOST/productpage | grep -o ""

    {{< /text >}}

  2. Paste the output of the following command in your browser address bar:

    {{< text bash >}} $ echo http://$MYHOST/productpage {{< /text >}}

    You should see the following webpage:

    {{< image width="80%" link="bookinfo.png" caption="Bookinfo Web Application" >}}

  3. Observe how microservices call each other. For example, reviews calls the ratings microservice using the http://ratings:9080/ratings URL. See the [code of reviews]({{< github_blob >}}/samples/bookinfo/src/reviews/reviews-application/src/main/java/application/rest/LibertyRestEndpoint.java):

    {{< text java >}} private final static String ratings_service = "http://ratings:9080/ratings"; {{< /text >}}

  4. Set an infinite loop in a separate terminal window to send traffic to your application to simulate the constant user traffic in the real world:

    {{< text bash >}} $ while :; do curl -s $MYHOST/productpage | grep -o ""; sleep 1; done

    ... {{< /text >}}

You are ready to test the application.