istio.io/content/en/docs/tasks/security/authorization/authz-jwt/index.md

title	description	weight	keywords	aliases	owner	test
JWT Token	Shows how to set up access control for JWT token.	30	security authorization jwt claim	/docs/tasks/security/rbac-groups/ /docs/tasks/security/authorization/rbac-groups/	istio/wg-security-maintainers	yes

This task shows you how to set up an Istio authorization policy to enforce access based on a JSON Web Token (JWT). An Istio authorization policy supports both string typed and list-of-string typed JWT claims.

Before you begin

Before you begin this task, do the following:

• Complete the Istio end user authentication task.

• Read the Istio authorization concepts.

• Install Istio using Istio installation guide.

• Deploy two workloads: httpbin and sleep. Deploy these in one namespace, for example foo. Both workloads run with an Envoy proxy in front of each. Deploy the example namespace and workloads using these commands:

  {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl create ns foo $ kubectl apply -f <(istioctl kube-inject -f @samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml@) -n foo $ kubectl apply -f <(istioctl kube-inject -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@) -n foo {{< /text >}}

• Verify that sleep successfully communicates with httpbin using this command:

  {{< text bash >}} kubectl exec "(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n foo -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})" -c sleep -n foo -- curl http://httpbin.foo:8000/ip -sS -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}\n" 200 {{< /text >}}

{{< warning >}} If you don’t see the expected output, retry after a few seconds. Caching and propagation can cause a delay. {{< /warning >}}

Allow requests with valid JWT and list-typed claims

1. The following command creates the jwt-example request authentication policy for the httpbin workload in the foo namespace. This policy for httpbin workload accepts a JWT issued by testing@secure.istio.io:

   {{< text bash >}} $ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1 kind: RequestAuthentication metadata: name: "jwt-example" namespace: foo spec: selector: matchLabels: app: httpbin jwtRules:

   • issuer: "testing@secure.istio.io" jwksUri: "{{< github_file >}}/security/tools/jwt/samples/jwks.json" EOF {{< /text >}}

2. Verify that a request with an invalid JWT is denied:

   {{< text bash >}} kubectl exec "(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n foo -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})" -c sleep -n foo -- curl "http://httpbin.foo:8000/headers" -sS -o /dev/null -H "Authorization: Bearer invalidToken" -w "%{http_code}\n" 401 {{< /text >}}

3. Verify that a request without a JWT is allowed because there is no authorization policy:

   {{< text bash >}} kubectl exec "(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n foo -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})" -c sleep -n foo -- curl "http://httpbin.foo:8000/headers" -sS -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}\n" 200 {{< /text >}}

4. The following command creates the require-jwt authorization policy for the httpbin workload in the foo namespace. The policy requires all requests to the httpbin workload to have a valid JWT with requestPrincipal set to testing@secure.istio.io/testing@secure.istio.io. Istio constructs the requestPrincipal by combining the iss and sub of the JWT token with a / separator as shown:

   {{< text syntax="bash" expandlinks="false" >}} $ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1 kind: AuthorizationPolicy metadata: name: require-jwt namespace: foo spec: selector: matchLabels: app: httpbin action: ALLOW rules:

   • from:
     • source: requestPrincipals: ["testing@secure.istio.io/testing@secure.istio.io"] EOF {{< /text >}}

5. Get the JWT that sets the iss and sub keys to the same value, testing@secure.istio.io. This causes Istio to generate the attribute requestPrincipal with the value testing@secure.istio.io/testing@secure.istio.io:

   {{< text syntax="bash" expandlinks="false" >}} TOKEN=(curl {{< github_file >}}/security/tools/jwt/samples/demo.jwt -s) && echo "$TOKEN" | cut -d '.' -f2 - | base64 --decode - {"exp":4685989700,"foo":"bar","iat":1532389700,"iss":"testing@secure.istio.io","sub":"testing@secure.istio.io"} {{< /text >}}

6. Verify that a request with a valid JWT is allowed:

   {{< text bash >}} kubectl exec "(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n foo -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})" -c sleep -n foo -- curl "http://httpbin.foo:8000/headers" -sS -o /dev/null -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -w "%{http_code}\n" 200 {{< /text >}}

7. Verify that a request without a JWT is denied:

   {{< text bash >}} kubectl exec "(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n foo -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})" -c sleep -n foo -- curl "http://httpbin.foo:8000/headers" -sS -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}\n" 403 {{< /text >}}

8. The following command updates the require-jwt authorization policy to also require the JWT to have a claim named groups containing the value group1:

   {{< text syntax="bash" expandlinks="false" >}} $ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1 kind: AuthorizationPolicy metadata: name: require-jwt namespace: foo spec: selector: matchLabels: app: httpbin action: ALLOW rules:

   • from:
     • source: requestPrincipals: ["testing@secure.istio.io/testing@secure.istio.io"] when:
     • key: request.auth.claims[groups] values: ["group1"] EOF {{< /text >}}

   {{< warning >}} Don't include quotes in the request.auth.claims field unless the claim itself has quotes in it. {{< /warning >}}

9. Get the JWT that sets the groups claim to a list of strings: group1 and group2:

   {{< text syntax="bash" expandlinks="false" >}} TOKEN_GROUP=(curl {{< github_file >}}/security/tools/jwt/samples/groups-scope.jwt -s) && echo "$TOKEN_GROUP" | cut -d '.' -f2 - | base64 --decode - {"exp":3537391104,"groups":["group1","group2"],"iat":1537391104,"iss":"testing@secure.istio.io","scope":["scope1","scope2"],"sub":"testing@secure.istio.io"} {{< /text >}}

10. Verify that a request with the JWT that includes group1 in the groups claim is allowed:

    {{< text bash >}} kubectl exec "(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n foo -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})" -c sleep -n foo -- curl "http://httpbin.foo:8000/headers" -sS -o /dev/null -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN_GROUP" -w "%{http_code}\n" 200 {{< /text >}}

11. Verify that a request with a JWT, which doesn’t have the groups claim is rejected:

    {{< text bash >}} kubectl exec "(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -n foo -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})" -c sleep -n foo -- curl "http://httpbin.foo:8000/headers" -sS -o /dev/null -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -w "%{http_code}\n" 403 {{< /text >}}

Clean up

Remove the namespace foo:

{{< text bash >}} $ kubectl delete namespace foo {{< /text >}}