92 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
92 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "容器"
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weight: 40
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description: 打包应用及其运行依赖环境的技术。
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content_type: concept
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card:
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name: concepts
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weight: 50
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---
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<!--
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title: Containers
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weight: 40
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description: Technology for packaging an application along with its runtime dependencies.
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reviewers:
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- erictune
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- thockin
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content_type: concept
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card:
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name: concepts
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weight: 50
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-->
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<!-- overview -->
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<!--
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Each container that you run is repeatable; the standardization from having
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dependencies included means that you get the same behavior wherever you
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run it.
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Containers decouple applications from the underlying host infrastructure.
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This makes deployment easier in different cloud or OS environments.
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Each {{< glossary_tooltip text="node" term_id="node" >}} in a Kubernetes
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cluster runs the containers that form the
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[Pods](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/) assigned to that node.
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Containers in a Pod are co-located and co-scheduled to run on the same node.
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-->
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每个运行的容器都是可重复的；
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包含依赖环境在内的标准，意味着无论你在哪里运行它都会得到相同的行为。
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容器将应用程序从底层的主机设施中解耦。
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这使得在不同的云或 OS 环境中部署更加容易。
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Kubernetes 集群中的每个{{< glossary_tooltip text="节点" term_id="node" >}}都会运行容器，
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这些容器构成分配给该节点的 [Pod](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/)。
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单个 Pod 中的容器会在共同调度下，于同一位置运行在相同的节点上。
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<!-- body -->
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<!--
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## Container images
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A [container image](/docs/concepts/containers/images/) is a ready-to-run
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software package containing everything needed to run an application:
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the code and any runtime it requires, application and system libraries,
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and default values for any essential settings.
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Containers are intended to be stateless and
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[immutable](https://glossary.cncf.io/immutable-infrastructure/):
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you should not change
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the code of a container that is already running. If you have a containerized
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application and want to make changes, the correct process is to build a new
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image that includes the change, then recreate the container to start from the
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updated image.
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-->
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## 容器镜像 {#container-images}
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[容器镜像](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/containers/images/)是一个随时可以运行的软件包，
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包含运行应用程序所需的一切：代码和它需要的所有运行时、应用程序和系统库，以及一些基本设置的默认值。
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容器旨在设计成无状态且[不可变的](https://glossary.cncf.io/immutable-infrastructure/)：
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你不应更改已经运行的容器的代码。如果有一个容器化的应用程序需要修改，
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正确的流程是：先构建包含更改的新镜像，再基于新构建的镜像重新运行容器。
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<!-- ## Container runtimes -->
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## 容器运行时 {#container-runtimes}
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{{< glossary_definition term_id="container-runtime" length="all" >}}
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<!--
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Usually, you can allow your cluster to pick the default container runtime
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for a Pod. If you need to use more than one container runtime in your cluster,
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you can specify the [RuntimeClass](/docs/concepts/containers/runtime-class/)
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for a Pod to make sure that Kubernetes runs those containers using a
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particular container runtime.
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You can also use RuntimeClass to run different Pods with the same container
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runtime but with different settings.
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-->
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通常，你可以允许集群为一个 Pod 选择其默认的容器运行时。如果你需要在集群中使用多个容器运行时，
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你可以为一个 Pod 指定 [RuntimeClass](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/containers/runtime-class/)，
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以确保 Kubernetes 会使用特定的容器运行时来运行这些容器。
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你还可以通过 RuntimeClass，使用相同的容器运行时，但使用不同设定的配置来运行不同的 Pod。
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