107 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
107 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: 容器环境
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content_type: concept
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weight: 20
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---
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<!--
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reviewers:
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- mikedanese
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- thockin
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title: Container Environment
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content_type: concept
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weight: 20
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-->
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<!-- overview -->
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<!--
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This page describes the resources available to Containers in the Container environment.
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-->
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本页描述了在容器环境里容器可用的资源。
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<!-- body -->
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<!--
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## Container environment
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The Kubernetes Container environment provides several important resources to Containers:
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* A filesystem, which is a combination of an [image](/docs/concepts/containers/images/) and one or more [volumes](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/).
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* Information about the Container itself.
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* Information about other objects in the cluster.
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-->
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## 容器环境 {#container-environment}
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Kubernetes 的容器环境给容器提供了几个重要的资源：
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* 文件系统，其中包含一个[镜像](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/containers/images/)
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和一个或多个的[卷](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/)
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* 容器自身的信息
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* 集群中其他对象的信息
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<!--
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### Container information
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The *hostname* of a Container is the name of the Pod in which the Container is running.
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It is available through the `hostname` command or the
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[`gethostname`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/gethostname.2.html)
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function call in libc.
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The Pod name and namespace are available as environment variables through the
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[downward API](/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/downward-api-volume-expose-pod-information/).
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User defined environment variables from the Pod definition are also available to the Container,
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as are any environment variables specified statically in the container image.
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-->
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### 容器信息
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一个容器的 **hostname** 是该容器运行所在的 Pod 的名称。通过 `hostname` 命令或者调用 libc 中的
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[`gethostname`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/gethostname.2.html) 函数可以获取该名称。
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Pod 名称和命名空间可以通过
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[下行 API](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/downward-api-volume-expose-pod-information/)
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转换为环境变量。
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Pod 定义中的用户所定义的环境变量也可在容器中使用，就像在 container 镜像中静态指定的任何环境变量一样。
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<!--
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### Cluster information
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A list of all services that were running when a Container was created is available to that Container as environment variables.
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This list is limited to services within the same namespace as the new Container's Pod and Kubernetes control plane services.
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For a service named *foo* that maps to a Container named *bar*,
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the following variables are defined:
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-->
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### 集群信息
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创建容器时正在运行的所有服务都可用作该容器的环境变量。
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这里的服务仅限于新容器的 Pod 所在的名字空间中的服务，以及 Kubernetes 控制面的服务。
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对于名为 **foo** 的服务，当映射到名为 **bar** 的容器时，定义了以下变量：
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```shell
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FOO_SERVICE_HOST=<其上服务正运行的主机>
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FOO_SERVICE_PORT=<其上服务正运行的端口>
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```
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<!--
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Services have dedicated IP addresses and are available to the Container via DNS,
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if [DNS addon](https://releases.k8s.io/v{{< skew currentPatchVersion >}}/cluster/addons/dns/) is enabled.
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-->
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服务具有专用的 IP 地址。如果启用了
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[DNS 插件](https://releases.k8s.io/v{{< skew currentPatchVersion >}}/cluster/addons/dns/)，
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可以在容器中通过 DNS 来访问服务。
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
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<!--
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* Learn more about [Container lifecycle hooks](/docs/concepts/containers/container-lifecycle-hooks/).
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* Get hands-on experience
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[attaching handlers to Container lifecycle events](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/attach-handler-lifecycle-event/).
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-->
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* 学习更多有关[容器生命周期回调](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/containers/container-lifecycle-hooks/)的知识。
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* 动手[为容器的生命周期事件设置处理函数](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/attach-handler-lifecycle-event/)。
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